Ferns are uncommon among terrestrial plants in that their sporophyte and gametophyte stages are both free living and self-contained. The correct option (D)Seedless vascular plants
Seedless vascular plants have vascular tissue but do not produce flowers or seeds. Seedless vascular plants, such as ferns and horsetails, reproduce through haploid, unicellular spores rather than seeds.
What are seedless vascular plants examples?
Club mosses, horsetails, ferns, and whisk ferns are examples of modern seedless vascular plants.
Why are seedless vascular plants important?
Seedless vascular plants provide many benefits to life in ecosystems, such as food and shelter, as well as fuel and medicine to humans.
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Full Question: Which of the following are the only plant groups have sporophytes and gametophytes that are both photosynthetic and free-living?
Angiosperms
Seedless vascular plants
Gymnosperms
Nonvascolar plants
Which of the below animals is the least related to the others, evolutionarily?A.LobsterB.Parasitic nematode wormC.SnailD.BeetleE.Centipede
Snail is the least related to the others, evolutionarily comparing to the following animals.
It is believed that the first land snail evolved around 350 million years ago, when plants required extremely wet conditions. snail is a mollusk type of animal. Survival on land meant a period of unfavorable conditions, with climatic changes affecting the snail's body, which is still mostly water. There is evidence of primitive gastropods dating back to the late Cambrian period; all land snails have made numerous adaptations to survive. Their main adaptation is the transition from aquatic to terrestrial (or land) organisms. They accomplished this by losing their gills and developing air-breathing lungs.
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Why does the heart pump blood to the lungs before it pumps blood to the rest of the body.
In order to provide your lungs with extra oxygen, your heart pumps blood from the right side of your body to them. The blood returns immediately to the left side of your heart after receiving oxygen, where it is pumped once more to all areas of your body via the aorta.
Blood is not produced by the heart. It is created by the union of numerous bodily functions occurring in various places:
Red blood cell production takes place in the bone marrow.
creation of white blood cells in the lymphatic system and bone marrow.
bone marrow and the lungs are the sites of blood platelet production.
Everywhere, but especially in the small intestine, capillaries and venules are used to absorb water and electrolytes from the tissue fluid.
The liver produces and adds the majority of blood proteins.
adding extra blood components such nutrition, gases, additional proteins, hormones, enzymes, and antibodies.
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he par value of a bond is the value of that bond at its maturity. it represents what the firm must pay the bondholder when the bond matures.
The par value of these bonds is $500. In other words, the company promises to pay the public back $500 15 years from the bond issuance.
The amount printed on the front of a bond is its par value, often known as the face amount or face value. This is the sum that bond issuers guarantee will be repaid to bondholders at a later time. For illustration, a business might sell $500, 15-year bonds to the general public. Bonds are a popular choice for businesses that require funding but don't want to give up ownership stakes in their operations. A written promise to pay a certain sum is contained in a bond. A bond is essentially a loan from the bondholder to the bond issuer. Additionally, bonds are used to finance institutions like governments, states, and school districts that are unable to borrow money from banks or issue shares. At par, each bond was issued.
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Classify the key elements of replication, transcription, and translation according to the process to which they belong.RNA polymeraseexons and intronsribosomesprimersokazaki fragmentsDNA polymeraseaminoacyl-tRNAspromotercodons and anticodons
Using the existing strand as a template, DNA polymerase joins nucleotides to create a new strand. By using RNA polymerase, transcription involves creating new mRNA from DNA base sequences. On ribosomes, polypeptides are created during translation.
There are three steps to the process: commencement, elongation, and termination. After the DNA is created, it goes through a process called transcription to create messenger RNA, which is later used to produce proteins. The initial stage in unlocking a cell's genetic code is transcription.
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What amino acid sequence would be produced from the dna sequence tac ccc gca agt?.
According to the genetic code, the amino acid sequence that would be produced from the DNA sequence tac ccc gca agt is Tyrosine - Proline - Alanine - Serine.
What is the genetic code?The genetic code is a universal code encrypted in the DNA nucleotide sequence that specifies the amino acids that will be added to the protein during translation.
The genetic code is composed of triplets of nucleotides called codons that indicate specific amine acids during polypeptide synthesis, for example, the codon gca encodes for the amino acids alanine, while ccc encodes for proline.
Therefore, with this data, we can see that the genetic code is a code based on the linear order of nucleotides that are present in a given DNA nucleotide sequence and indicates the amino acids that will be added to the protein during the translation process in the cell.
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How can a change in one cycle affect all of the other cycles?
A change in one cycle can affect the other cycles because most ( if not all ) cycles on Earth are related in one way or another.
How are natural cycles related ?The natural cycles on Earth are related to each other because they often draw their energy from the same source which is the atmosphere, the oceans, and the Earth's crust . They also draw their energy from the sun as well .
For instance, the carbon cycle is related to the water cycle because water helps in the transportation of carbon to other areas where organisms can use it . It also helps in the weathering of rocks that contain carbon, thereby releasing it .
This means that a change in one cycle can affect the other cycles in nature if the change interferes with the way that cycle relates to other cycles .
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White patches on the surface of the tongue and the oral mucosa accompanied by inflammation and swelling are signs consistent with
A. zygomycosis
B. cryptococcosis
C. paracoccidioidomycosis
D. sporotrichosis
E. candidiasis
White patches on the surface of the tongue and the oral mucosa accompanied by inflammation and swelling are signs consistent with candidiasis. Correct answer: letter E.
Because Candidiasis is caused by overgrowth of the yeast Candida, which occurs naturally in the mouth.
What is candidiasis?Is an infection caused by a type of yeast called Candida. It can affect different parts of the body, including the skin, mouth, throat, and genitals. Symptoms may include:
ItchingBurningChanges in the appearance of the affected area.Treatment typically involves antifungal medications.
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Viruses are considered to be non-living pathogens for which reason?
a) their extremely small size
b) their unique type of cells and their lack of metabolic processes
c) their lack of metabolic processes
d) their ability to synthesize only some of their own components
e) their unique type of cells
Viruses are considered to be non-living pathogens due to their lack of metabolic processes. Therefore, option (C) is correct.
What is a virus?Viruses are complex assemblages of molecules that include proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and carbohydrates; but, on their own, they are unable to perform any function and must first infect a living cell in order to become active. There would be no possibility of viral reproduction if cells did not exist. Consequently, viruses do not qualify as living beings.
Viruses are not alive because they do not have any of the essential components that are present in living beings. These components include cytoplasm and organelles. They are unable to carry out the duties of the cell such as metabolism and homeostasis.
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in correct order, from external to internal, the tissues of the testes include: cremaster muscle tunica vaginalis tunica albuginea septa
The correct order is dartos, tunica vaginalis, tunica albuginea, septa, scrotal cavity, cremaster
small pedunculated bodies may undergo torsion.
The testis lies outside the body cavity in the scrotum where it is maintained at a temperature 2–3°C lower than the body temperature. Failure to descend into the scrotum causes failure of spermatogenesis.
Blood supply
The testis and epididymis are suspended by the spermatic cord containing their arterial blood supply, venous and lymphatic drainage and nerve supply. The testis develops in the L2/L3 vertebral region and drags its vascular, lymphatic and nerve supply from this region to the scrotum.
Testicular and renal pain may mimic each other. Testicular pain hence can radiate to the loin and renal pain often is referred to the scrotum.
The arterial supply is via the testicular artery which is a branch of the abdominal aorta given off just below the level of origin of the renal arteries. The venous drainage is via the pampiniform plexus of veins which become a single testicular vein before terminating in the inferior vena cava on the right side and the left renal vein on the left side.
The lymphatics of the testis and epididymis accompany the blood vessels and drain into the para-aortic lymph nodes. Upper abdomen must therefore be palpated when searching for secondary lymphatic spread from a carcinoma of the testis.
The spermatic cord
The spermatic cord contains the ductus deferens (vas deferens), the testicular artery and the pampiniform plexus of veins. Other structures in the cord are the cremasteric artery, the artery to the vas, nerve to the cremaster, sympathetic nerves and the lymphatics of the testis and epididymis. Because of its passage through the inguinal canal the spermatic cord acquires three coverings, i.e. the external spermatic fascia from the external oblique aponeurosis at the superficial inguinal ring, the cremasteric muscle and fascia from the internal oblique, and the internal spermatic fascia from the transversalis fascia at the deep inguinal ring.
Varicocoele is a condition caused by dilated tortuous pampiniform plexus of veins. The condition, which may be felt as a ‘bag of worms’ while palpating the scrotum, is more commonly present on the left side. As the left testicular veins drain into the left renal veins it may be a sign of a malignant tumour in the left kidney.
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Describe a hypothesis that explains the species area relationship
Label the structures found within a skeletal muscle. Muscle fiber Myofibril Sarcoplasmic reticulum Filaments Perimysium Sarcolemma Epimysium Endomysium Fascia Epimysium Endomysium Fascia Tendon Fascicle Reset
The structures found within a skeletal muscle.
muscle fiberPerimysiumactinTropomyosinTroponinmyosinWhat is skeletal muscle?Skeletal striated muscle tissue is formed by bundles of very long, multinucleated cylindrical fibers known as skeletal striated muscle fibers. These bundles are surrounded by the epimysium, an outer membrane of dense connective tissue. Septa of very thin connective tissue, called perimysium, depart from these membranes, through which blood vessels enter the muscles. They are muscles of voluntary movement.
Myosin is made up of two subunits, light meromyosin and heavy meromyosin. The light meromyosin corresponds to the largest portion of the rod, while the heavy meromyosin is composed of the smallest part of the rod next to the globular projection.
The sarcolemma consists of a cell membrane, called the plasma membrane, and a lining of a thin layer of polysaccharide material, with many thin collagen fibrils.
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Phosphate was a limiting factor to algae growth in lake washington near seattle. In 1960s, eutrophication of the lake was largely addressed by limiting levels of?.
In 1960s, eutrophication of the lake was largely addressed by limiting levels of phosphorus.
The largest of the three significant lakes in King County, Lake Washington is also the second-largest natural lake in the state of Washington. In the 1960s, phosphorus concentrations were found to be 70 parts per billion. That was more than enough to support the large growth of algae that discoloured the water and washed up on the shore where it rotted and smelled.
Between 1941 and 1963, the lake received increasing amounts of secondary treated sewage, which led to eutrophication and a decline in the lake's water quality. Eutrophication, often known as the overgrowth of algae and big aquatic plants, is a process that can be brought on by an excess of phosphorus. High phosphorus levels can also cause algal blooms, which can create toxins that are dangerous to both human and animal health.
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How does an early onset of spring through climate change affect plants?
Earlier spring onset might also reason phenological mismatches among the supply of plant sources and dependent animals and potentially lead to extra fake springs when the next freezing temperatures harm new plant growth.
vegetation that might be tormented by weather exchange tends to have a developing and flowering season that begins very early and lasts longer than normal. This actually puts an imbalance within the environment which reasons many environments to have a special stake in the demand and delivery of food for another number one and secondary purchasers.
The early onset of spring influences the plant's budding time which might then expand to early improvement of end result and afterward will progress to a lack of delivery while the want for that meal arises for other organisms.
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T/F. Local zoning ordinances are generally designed to prevent nuisance by segmenting a municipality into zones—industrial, residential, and so forth.
True, Local zoning ordinances are generally designed to prevent nuisance by segmenting a municipality into zones - industrial, residential, and so forth
A municipality's land use regulations are formally categorised in the zoning ordinance. It also establishes the legal foundation. The zoning legislation specifies the sorts of land uses that are authorised and makes these distinctions. Zoning refers to municipal or local ordinances or rules that specify the permitted and prohibited uses of real estate in certain geographic areas. For instance, zoning regulations might restrict the commercial or industrial use of property to stop the construction of oil, manufacturing, and other sorts of companies in residential areas. At order to verify that a business establishment is permitted in the desired location under the Comprehensive Land Use Plan, Zoning Ordinance, and other applicable zoning and land use ordinances, zoning clearance must be obtained prior to applying for a business permit.
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intrinsic reflexes are inborn and serve to protect the body. reflexes are neural pathways composed of five basic components. reflex arcs Riding a bike and driving a car are examples of learned reflexes are rapid, predictable, and involuntary motor responses to stimuli.
Rapid, dependable, and uncontrollable motor reactions to stimuli are known as reflexes.
Neural pathways called reflex arcs are made up of five fundamental parts.
Learned reflexes include things like riding a bike and operating a vehicle.
The body has inherent reflexes that function as a defense mechanism.
What are intrinsic reflexes?
The quadriceps reflex is an example of an intrinsic reflex. In contrast, extrinsic reflexes have receptors and effectors that are located in separate organs (e.g., the oculovestibular reflex).
Reflexes are actions made up of comparatively basic behavioral segments that typically happen as quick, immediate reactions to certain stimuli that are specifically connected with them.
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some protists are part of the select answer , a community of tiny drifting or swimming heterotrophic organisms in the sea. the select answer are a community of tiny drifting or swimming photosynthetic organisms in the sea.
No, protists are not part of this community of tiny drifting or swimming photosynthetic organisms in the sea.
What are Protists?
Protists are a diverse group of eukaryotic organisms that can be heterotrophic, autotrophic, or a mix of both. They can be unicellular, multicellular, or colonial. Protists can be found in many different habitats, including freshwater, marine, and terrestrial environments, and some are photosynthetic, while others are not.
What are Eukaryotic organisms?
Eukaryotes are organisms whose cells comprise a nucleus as well as other membrane-bound organelles. All animals, plants, fungi, and protists, as well as the majority of algae, are eukaryotic organisms. Eukaryotes can be single-celled or multicellular.
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Angiogenesis is : A) an examination of the arteries and veins.B) having blood drawn into a tube for tests.C) the growth of new blood vessels.D) surgical restructuring of the coronary arteries.E) being able to detect a pulse in arteries.
Angiogenesis is the growth of new blood vessels.
What is angiogenesis?
The process through which new blood vessels develop, enabling the transport of oxygen and nutrients to the body's tissues, is known as angiogenesis. It is an essential function that is necessary for both development and wound healing.However, it also contributes significantly to the development of cancer since tumors, like all other body parts, require a blood supply to survive and develop.Angiogenesis plays a crucial role in the development of cancer, according to findings published in the early 1970s by the late scientist Judah Folkman. Since then, a variety of antiangiogenic drugs have been created with the goal of halting the growth or progression of tumors.The rationale behind these drugs is that cutting off the tumor's blood supply will starve it.Angiogenesis is the process through which your body creates new capillaries from pre-existing blood vessels. Angiogenesis supports your body's ability to accomplish essential tasks, including wound healing. Before you are even born, this process starts, and it lasts the rest of your life.Small blood arteries called capillaries play a crucial role in your body. Your organs and tissues receive blood, nutrients, and oxygen from them. When tissues experience hypoxia, the cells in the damaged region release chemical signals that trigger angiogenesis to start. Like an SOS appeal for assistance. Endothelial cells, which line your blood arteries, organize themselves in a way that enables the growth of new capillaries as a result.This procedure can happen in one of two ways.
Sprouting angiogenesis: This is the process through which endothelial cell sprouts (new growths) appear from your blood artery. They expand in response to chemical cues like vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). These sprouts develop into blood vessels that can go to tissue regions in your body that don't have any other blood vessels.Splitting (nonsprouting or intussusceptible angiogenesis): A capillary originates in this situation without sprouting. Rather, the new capillary is created when one blood artery divides into two. Endothelial cells enter the lumen of the blood vessel and form pillars instead of sprouting outward. New capillary branches can grow from these pillars.Hence angiogenesis means formation of new blood cells.
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The following F1 cross is made: BBGg x Bbgg. Which is not a possible outcome in the F2 generation?
`When the cross of BBGg x Bbgg is made then in this situation the gametes that are formed from BBGg are BG,Bg and from Bbgg is Bg,bg are BBGg,BBgg,BbGg and Bbgg. The four outcomes are BBGg,BBgg,BbGg and Bbgg and the homozygously dominant and the recessive is absent.
What is homozygous ?It is the situation in which the same types of gametes are present.
In the cross of BBGg x Bbgg the gametes that are absent will be the homozygous dominant condition and the homozygous recessive as well. BBGg,BBgg,BbGg and Bbgg are the gametes that are all heteroygous.
Heterozygous condition is the condition in which different gametes are present that is different different situation is present and the gametes in the offspring are totally different.
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identify the highlighted epithelium
Stratified squamous epithelium. This kind of epithelium frequently performs protective tasks, similar as precluding bacteria from piercing deeper apkins and/ or precluding water loss.
What about epithelium?The epithelium is a kind of body towel that covers all of the internal and external body shells, lines concave organs and body depressions, and makes up the maturity of a glandular towel.There are several epithelial in the mortal body.They make up the maturity of the towel in glands, line body depressions and concave organs, and cover all of the body's shells.Protection, stashing, immersion, excretion, filtration, prolixity, and sensitive events are just a many of the numerous tasks they carry out.The maturity of malice is also most constantly developed in epithelial towels.Up to 90% of all malice in humans are lymphomas , which develop from epithelial towels.The bone and colonic epithelium are home to two of the most current malice in people.These proteins, which are substantially composed of claudins and occludins, are organized in a row close to the apical face of epithelial cells.The basement membrane is the support for epithelial towels.The rudimentary lamella and the connective towel underneath it make up its two factors.The primary depressions in the body are lined with epithelial cells.The alveoli, or air sacs, where gas exchange takes place, as well as the rest of the lung's structure, are made of epithelia.The utmost organs, including the pancreas, order, and small intestine, are lined by cells.Learn more about epithelium here:
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the triads of a muscle fiber consist of __________.
The triads of a muscle fiber consist of the T-tubule surrounded by two terminal cisternae of the sarcoplasmic reticulum.
What is Muscle fiber?Muscle fiber may be characterized as large multinucleated cells. These cells most obviously express histological features in cross-striations. The cytoplasm of these cells may contain many myofibrils that significantly include tiny cylinders consisting of bundles of myofilaments.
The sarcoplasmic reticulum is a special structure in muscle cells that holds and releases calcium. Due to this, the function of muscle fiber may become more specific as compared to other fibrous cells.
Therefore, the triads of a muscle fiber consist of the T-tubule surrounded by two terminal cisternae of the sarcoplasmic reticulum.
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Diarrhea is a potential side effect of which botanical supplement?
A. Ginseng
B. Echinacea
C. Saw palmetto
D. Ginkgo biloba
Answer: D. Ginkgo biloba ( I think)
Explanation: Possible side effects of ginkgo biloba include: nausea. diarrhea.
the naturally occuring compound (s)-linmonene can be synthetically transformed with radical chemistry into
The naturally occurring compound (s) limonene can be synthetically transformed with the radical chemistry into the weakest in C-H bond (S) the C-Hf bond.
Compared to the other, vinylic hydrogens it has a weaker C-H bond since it also contains allylic and a tertiary radical.
Limonene an aliphatic hydrocarbon that is colorless and classified as a cyclic monoterpene is the main component of citrus fruit peel oil. The orange fragrance is the most common form of the D-isomer in nature and is employed as a flavoring component in food preparation.
Limonene is regarded as an energizing terpene that can induce euphoria. This is probably due to the terpene's ability to alter brain neurotransmitters, particularly serotonin. According to a study conducted on animals, the limonene-rich lemon oil vapor was proven to lower tension and improve mood.
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TRUE/FALSE,meiosis is a mean to make gametes, and is the reason each parent passes one copy gene to their offspring
True.
The purpose of meiosis is to produce gametes or sex cells. During meiosis, four daughter cells are produced, each of which is haploid (containing half as many chromosomes as the parent cell).
What is Meiosis?
Meiosis contains two distinct cell divisions, which means that one parent cell can produce four gametes (eggs in females, sperm in males). In each round of division, cells go through four stages: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.
Before entering meiosis I, a cell must first go through interphase. This is the same interphase that occurs before mitosis. The cell grows, copies its chromosomes, and prepares for division during the G1 phase, S phase, and G2 phase of interphase.
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When the concentration of ___
in tissue fluid is too high, intracellular fluid moves into the extracellular fluid compartment.
sodium ions
cesium particles
soluble fibers
immature osteoblasts
When the concentration of sodium ions in tissue fluid is too high, intracellular fluid moves into the extracellular fluid compartment.
What is Intracellular fluid?
The fluid that resides within of cells is called intracellular fluid. The fluid located outside of cells, or extracellular fluid, is known as interstitial fluid. Extracellular fluid is classified into two categories: fluid found in blood and fluid found outside blood.
Phosphorus (PO4 P O 4 ), magnesium (Mg2+ M g 2 +), and potassium (K+) are a few of the major electrolytes found in intracellular fluid.
Therefore, Option A is correct.
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modern research indicates biology can influence behavior.
Lack of skills frequently leads to problem behaviors.According to recent study, biology can affect behavior.According to recent research, environmental factors can affect how genes develop.
That each of the above is a component of an evaluation of functional behavior?An FBA often involves data gathering and observation, looking at: The setting in which the behavior happens;The ABCs are the antecedents, the behavior, and the consequences of the behavior, as well as any additional factors that might be influencing the actions.
What are the behavior's two primary purposes?Social attention, access to material goods or favored activities, evasion of demands and activities, and sensory sensitivity are the four basic purposes of behavior
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the nurse is preparing for an internal genitalia examination of a woman. which order of the examination is correct?
a. Speculum
b. bimanual
c. rectovaginal
speculum the proper order is rectovaginal inspection followed by bimanual examination once the speculum has been removed.
What is involved in getting ready for a female genitalia asses.Preparing for the examination of the female genitalia includes both having the patient empty her bladder and thoroughly explaining the exam.
Which recommendations must to be given to a lady prior to a visit that involves a Pap test?
Two days before getting a Pap smear, refrain from having any sexual activity, douching, or using any spermicidal foams, creams, or jellies as these could wash away or mask abnormal cells. Avoid making a Pap appointment.
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How does the ATP molecule capture, store, and release energy?
When the phosphate group group is broken down by ATP, a significant quantity of energy that was held in the link between the 3rd and 2nd phosphate groups is released.
How is energy captured, stored, and released by ATP?By adding a hydroxyl group to another molecule, ATP can drive biological operations .Special enzymes are responsible for carrying out this transfer, which connects the cellular processes that need energy to the release of electricity from ATP.
How does the molecule of ATP store energy?Adenosine triphosphate is referred to as ATP.The term triphosphate denotes the presence of three phosphate groups in the molecule.The bonds among phosphate groups, particularly the second and third, are where ATP stores its energy.This connection functions as a potential source of chemical energy and resembles a squeezed spring.
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A surgeon must cut through a thick layer of tissue connected to the bone to access the deeper organs. This tissue is most likely connective tissue epithelial tissue nerve tissue muscle tissue.
Connective tissue is present everywhere in the body, including the nervous system, in between other tissues. Connective tissue makes up the three meninges, or membranes that encase the brain and spinal cord.
Connective tissue is one of the four tissues found in the body. Connective tissue in body s located between all other tissues. Tissue offers insulation, protection, and binding support. The mesoderm layer produces connective tissue. Cartilage is a Connective tissue that is also weakly vascular.
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once heterochromatin has been established, it will often spread until it encounters which of the following?
Once heterochromatin has been established, it will often spread until it encounters (A) a barrier DNA sequence. So option (A) is the correct answer.
The shape of chromatin in which sections of interphase chromosomes reside is highly dependent on histone tail modifications. When heterochromatin-specific proteins bind to chromosomes, they also tend to modify the tails of adjacent nucleosomes, causing heterochromatin spreading. This diffusion continues until the remodeling protein reaches a DNA sequence that acts as a barrier. Barrier sequences function by having another histone modification that favors the euchromatin conformation. For example, a common barrier DNA sequence modification is to add an acetyl group to lysine 9 of histone H3. This blocks heterochromatin-induced alteration of methylation at the same lysine residue of histone H3.
Complete question:
Once heterochromatin has been established, it will often spread until it encounters which of the following?
A. a barrier DNA sequence
B. euchromatin
C. histone H3 methylated on lysine 9
D. a nucleosome
E. a gene
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Muscle contraction depends on ATP hydrolysis. During periods of intense exercise, muscle cells rely on the ATP supplied by three metabolic pathways: glycolysis, mitochondrial respiration, and the phosphagen system. Figure 1 shows the rates at which the three metabolic pathways produce ATP following the start of an intense period of exercise.
Which of the following correctly uses the data to justify the claim that the phosphagen system is an immediate, short-term source of ATP for muscle cells?
ATP production by the phosphagen system increases and decreases rapidly following the start of the exercise period.
ATP production by the phosphagen system increases and decreases rapidly following the start of the exercise period.
What is ATP?
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is the cellular energy source for usage and storage. An adenine-based nitrogenous base, ribose sugar, and three serially bound phosphate groups make up the nucleoside triphosphate structure of ATP. When macromolecules like proteins and lipids are moved into and out of the cell, ATP is an essential component of the process. Active transport mechanisms are able to move these molecules over a concentration gradient because the hydrolysis of ATP supplies the energy needed. The source of energy in a cell is ATP. Cells are able to safely store energy in tiny packets and only release it when absolutely necessary. In other words, ATP bridges the gap between activities that need energy, like synthesis and those that release energy, like the breakdown of food.
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