The steadily decreasing line most accurately shows the temperature distribution in the solar system at the time of planet formation. The correct option is B.
The temperature distribution in the solar system at the time of planet formation is best represented by the steadily decreasing line.
The steadily decreasing line accurately shows the temperature distribution in the solar system at the time of planet formation, where the temperature was steadily decreasing.
The temperature in the solar system, at the time of planet formation, was steadily decreasing due to the absence of the sun.
The Sun, which is the primary source of heat in the solar system, had not yet formed, and the temperature was cold.
The temperatures in the solar system were very low, and dust and gas were slowly cooling. It was at this time that the dust and gas began to collapse into clumps, which later led to the formation of planets.
The steadily decreasing line represents the temperature distribution of the solar system at the time of planet formation.
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Which of the following statements is true?
a) A region does NOT need to be distinguishable from other areas
b) Regions exist only at some scales
c) Financial networks are not functional regions
d) A region has to be a continuous area
The statement that is true is b) Regions exist only at some scales.
What are regions ?Regions are spatial areas that share common characteristics, whether it be cultural, economic, or physical. However, the definition and boundaries of a region can vary depending on the scale of analysis.
For example, a city can be considered a region at the local scale, but when viewed from a national or global perspective, it may be just a small part of a larger region, such as a state or country. A region typically needs to be distinguishable from other areas to be meaningful and useful in analysis and decision-making.
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in 2000, a population of a city is 1,000,000 people. If it has a doubling time of 25 years, when will its population reach 2,000,000
If the city's population has a doubling time of 25 years, it means that it will take 25 years for the population to double. To calculate the annual growth rate, we can use the rule of 70, which states that to find the number of years it takes for a quantity to double, we can divide 70 by the annual growth rate.
So, to find the annual growth rate, we can use the formula: Annual growth rate = 70 / doubling time Annual growth rate [tex]= 70 / 25 = 2.8%[/tex] Now, to find when the population of the city will reach 2,000,000, we can use the formula for exponential growth:[tex]Nt = N0 x (1 + r)^t[/tex] where Nt is the future population, N0 is the initial population, r is the annual growth rate, and t is the time period.We know that [tex]N0 = 1,000,000, Nt = 2,000,000, and r = 2.8%[/tex].[tex]2,000,000 = 1,000,000 x (1 + 0.028)^t[/tex] Taking the natural logarithm of both sides, we get: [tex]ln(2) = t x ln(1.028)[/tex] Solving for t, we get: [tex]t = ln(2) / ln(1.028) = 25.7[/tex] years the city's population will reach 2,000,000 in approximately 26 years, or in the year 2026.
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which type of aggregates (igneous, sedimentary, or metamorphic) would you expect to be most suitable as a base-course material?
For a base-course material, the type of aggregate that would be the most suitable is sedimentary aggregate. This is due to its structure, which makes it stable, durable, affordable and easy to compact.
When it comes to aggregate materials, there are three main types: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic.
Igneous aggregates are formed from volcanic material that has been solidified. These materials are hard and durable, making them ideal for high-strength concrete and asphalt. They are also useful in railroad ballasts, building materials, and as fill for large voids in construction projects.
Sedimentary aggregates are formed from the erosion of pre-existing rock layers. This type of aggregate is the most commonly used in construction. It's known for its durability, low cost, and easy availability. Sedimentary aggregates include materials like gravel, sand, and limestone.
Metamorphic aggregates are formed by the transformation of pre-existing rocks through heat and pressure. They are the hardest and most durable. Marble, slate, and quartzite are examples of metamorphic aggregates. They are mostly used in high-strength concrete, railroad ballasts, and as fill for large voids in construction projects.
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The taiga biome has long, cold, dry winters and cool, wet summers. In three to four sentences, describe how the plants and animals would be impacted by a warm and dry summer and how they might survive. Support your answer with the abiotic factors in the biome.
A warm and dry summer would make it harder for most animals to survive since fewer plants would grow. When the temperatures drop, some animals will hibernate so that they don't starve due to the lack of plants. Other animals have thick hair to fight cold and can dig well to hunt hibernating animals like how foxes dig for rodents under the snow.
according to the map, most industrialization in europe occurred in the northwest . the production of was profitable throughout western europe. the building of helped transport goods throughout europe. according to the map, the population trend indicates that more people are moving into
According to the map, most industrialization in Europe occurred in the northwest. The production of textiles was profitable throughout Western Europe.
The building of railroads helped transport goods throughout Europe. According to the map, the population trend indicates that more people are moving into urban areas.
To summarize:
- Most industrialization in Europe occurred in the northwest.
- The production of textiles was profitable throughout Western Europe.
- The building of railroads helped transport goods throughout Europe.
- The population trend indicates that more people are moving into urban areas.
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which national park is home to a large volcanic caldera?Yellowstone National ParkAniakchak Caldera in Aniakchak National Monumenlake toba
Yellowstone National Park is home to a large volcanic caldera because it is situated on top of a "hot spot" in the Earth's mantle, where a column of molten rock rises from its interior towards the surface.
The correct answer is Yellowstone National Park.
This hot spot has been active for millions of years, causing volcanic activity that has led to the caldera's formation. The most recent major eruption occurred approximately 640,000 years ago, creating the current caldera, and numerous more minor eruptions have occurred since then.
Yellowstone National Park, located primarily in the US state of Wyoming, was established in 1872 and is considered the first national park in the world. The park is known for its geothermal features, such as geysers, hot springs, and mud pots, caused by volcanic activity underneath the surface.
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which of the following are true of eastern boundary currents? choose all that apply. view available hint(s)for part d which of the following are true of eastern boundary currents?choose all that apply. deep, as compared to western boundary currents wide, as compared to western boundary currents they flow along the more gradual slope of the hill of water fast, as compared to western boundary currents weak, as compared to western boundary currents
.True statements about Eastern boundary currents: Eastern boundary currents refer to the currents on the eastern side of ocean basins that flow toward the equator from the poles.
The eastern boundary currents are characterized by being wide, weak, and flowing along the more gradual slope of the hill of water.True statements about Eastern boundary currents: Eastern boundary currents refer to the currents on the eastern side of ocean basins that flow toward the equator from the poles.
These currents, which are relatively shallow, are generally broader and weaker than western boundary currents.They are referred to as boundary currents because they represent the boundary between the subtropical and subpolar gyres.
Western boundary currents are known for their speed and depth, and the cold waters of the western boundary currents have a significant impact on global weather patterns. Eastern boundary currents, on the other hand, tend to be wider and weaker than their western counterparts.
Eastern boundary currents tend to flow along the more gradual slope of the hill of water, whereas western boundary currents tend to flow along the steeper slope of the hill of water. They are often accompanied by upwelling, which brings deep, nutrient-rich water to the surface, making them ideal fishing grounds.
Eastern boundary currents are characterized by being wide, weak, and flowing along the more gradual slope of the hill of water.
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true or false lithofication is the process in which two plates move towards each other and the denser one slides below the other.
The statement "lithification is the process in which two plates move towards each other and the denser one slides below the other" is False because lithification refers to the process in which sediment is compacted and cemented together to form sedimentary rock.
What is lithification?Lithification is the process by which sedimentary rocks are formed. It is a transformation process that involves the compaction and cementation of sediment to produce solid rock from loose sediment. The process of lithification results in the creation of sedimentary rocks from sediments such as clay, silt, sand, and gravel.
How does lithification occur?Lithification occurs in three stages:
Compaction of Sediments - This occurs when the weight of overlying sediment squeezes the water out of the sediments beneath it. As a result, the sediment becomes denser, and the grains are packed closer together.
Cementation of Sediments - Cementation occurs when mineral crystals are deposited in the small spaces between the sediment grains, gluing them together to create solid rock.
Sedimentary Rocks - Sedimentary rocks are formed when the compacted and cemented sediment becomes hard and forms rock.
Thus, the statement, "Lithification is the process in which two plates move towards each other and the denser one slides below the other," is false.
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which of the following is true about the nitrogen cycle? A. the form of nitrogen present in significant levels in the atmosphere is easily assimilated by most organisms B. most of the nitrogen in the atmosphere exists as organic molecules C. all organisms can incorporate atmospheric nitrogen into their proteins and nucleic acids D. the activity of specific types of microorganisms is important to convert atmospheric nitrogen molecules into usable forms
D. The activity of specific types of microorganisms is important to convert atmospheric nitrogen molecules into usable forms, is true about nitrogen cycle.
The nitrogen cycle is a complex process that plays an important role in regulating the global environment. The activity of specific types of microorganisms is critical to the nitrogen cycle, as they are able to convert atmospheric nitrogen molecules into usable forms.
The form of nitrogen present in significant levels in the atmosphere is molecular nitrogen (N2), which is not easily assimilated by most organisms.
To make it usable, nitrogen must be "fixed" into more accessible forms, such as nitrates and ammonia, which can then be taken up by plants and other organisms.
Other microorganisms are able to convert nitrates and ammonia back into molecular nitrogen, completing the cycle. Thus, the cycle is powered by the activity of microorganisms, which are able to convert atmospheric nitrogen into usable forms and then back again.
Therefore, correct option is D.
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When does flooding occur?
a. When the amount of water exceeds the capacity of the land
b. When the amount of water exceeds the capacity of the rainfall
c. When the amount of water exceeds the capacity of the river's channel. The excess water overflows the river's banks and spills out across the flood plain. D. Prolonged rainfall leading to the satiation of the ground
Flooding occurs when the amount of water exceeds the capacity of the land or the rainfall. The correct option is B.
This can happen due to several reasons, such as heavy rainfall, melting snow, or a high tide. When the capacity of the river’s channel is exceeded, the excess water overflows the river’s banks and spills out across the flood plain. Prolonged rainfall can also lead to flooding, as the water will saturate the ground and begin to pool in low-lying areas.
In addition, flash floods can occur when a heavy rainstorm or thunderstorm happens in a very short period of time, making it difficult for the ground to absorb the water. In any case, when flooding occurs, it can result in significant damage to property, infrastructure, and the environment, making it important to take precautions to prevent flooding where possible. The correct option is B.
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examine the images of the grand canyon below. notice that most of the canyon consists of layers of sedimentary rocks, but if you were to hike down into the inner gorge you would encounter the vishnu schist, a metamorphic rock. which of the following processes were involved as the vishnu schist metamorphosed? photograph a shows the grand canyon the inner gorge of the grand canyon, a steep gorge in the deepest part of the canyon with a river at its bottom. photograph b shows the vishnu schist, a dark colored rock outcrop jutting out from one side of the inner gorge. view available hint(s)for part a examine the images of the grand canyon below. notice that most of the canyon consists of layers of sedimentary rocks, but if you were to hike down into the inner gorge you would encounter the vishnu schist, a metamorphic rock. which of the following processes were involved as the vishnu schist metamorphosed? photograph a shows the grand canyon the inner gorge of the grand canyon, a steep gorge in the deepest part of the canyon with a river at its bottom. photograph b shows the vishnu schist, a dark colored rock outcrop jutting out from one side of the inner gorge. eruption and cooling of a lava flow. intense pressure due to regional metamorphism. deposition, burial, compaction, and cementation of sediment. cooling of magma.
The following processes were involved as the vishnu schist metamorphosed photograph b shows the vishnu schist, a dark colored rock outcrop jutting out from one side of the inner gorge eruption and cooling of a lava flow.
The Vishnu Schist found in the inner gorge of the Grand Canyon was formed through intense pressure due to regional metamorphism. This is different from the sedimentary rocks found in the rest of the canyon, which are formed through deposition, burial, compaction, and cementation of sediment. Eruption and cooling of a lava flow and cooling of magma are not processes that were involved in the metamorphosis of the Vishnu Schist.
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what volcanic eruption was the loudest in modern history?
Answer:
Explanation:
The loudest volcanic eruption in modern history was the 1883 eruption of the Krakatoa volcano, which is located between the islands of Java and Sumatra in Indonesia. The explosion was so powerful that it was heard over 3,000 miles away, and it produced a sound that is estimated to have reached 172 decibels at a distance of 100 miles from the source. The eruption caused widespread damage and loss of life, with tsunamis and other effects felt across the region.
The early atmosphere on Earth was _____.a. mostly carbon dioxide
b. extremely cold
c. full of oxygen
d. hot
The early atmosphere on Earth was mostly carbon dioxide.
So, the correct answer is A.
What is the atmosphere?An atmosphere is the blanket of gas that surrounds a planet or other celestial object. Earth's atmosphere, which is mainly composed of nitrogen and oxygen, contains small amounts of other gases. The atmosphere can be broken down into several different layers. Troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, and exosphere are the five layers of the Earth's atmosphere. The early atmosphere of Earth was mostly carbon dioxide.
The atmosphere of the Earth comprises a variety of gases, including oxygen, nitrogen, argon, and carbon dioxide. These gases are unevenly distributed in the atmosphere due to the Earth's rotation, atmospheric pressure, and other factors. The majority of the Earth's atmosphere is composed of nitrogen (about 78 percent) and oxygen (about 21 percent). Other gases make up the remaining 1% of the atmosphere, with trace amounts of other elements and compounds contributing to the air we breathe.
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The Aleutian and Hawaiian Islands form from completely different processes related to Plate Tectonics. Using Plate Tectonic theory and correct technical terms, explain how they form.
The Aleutian and Hawaiian Islands form from two different processes related to Plate Tectonics. The Aleutian Islands are formed by the subduction of the Pacific plate beneath the North American plate at the Aleutian Trench. This process is also known as a convergent plate boundary.
During subduction, the oceanic lithosphere is consumed and in the process magma is produced and rises to the surface. This magma then cools and hardens to form the Aleutian Islands.
The Hawaiian Islands are formed by a process known as hotspot volcanism. Hotspots are stationary mantle plumes that rise from the mantle and melt the lithosphere.
This process is also known as a divergent plate boundary. The Hawaiian hotspot is located beneath the Pacific plate and has created the Hawaiian Ridge of islands, as the Pacific plate has moved over it.
The molten material erupts to the surface to create new volcanoes and as the older volcanoes move away from the hotspot, they become inactive and form islands.
Both processes create volcanic islands, but the way in which the volcanoes form differs between the Aleutian and Hawaiian Islands. The Aleutian Islands are formed through subduction while the Hawaiian Islands are formed through hotspot volcanism.
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what land extends from central mexico to costa rica?
The land that extends from central Mexico to Costa Rica is called the Mesoamerican region.
The Mesoamerican region is a cultural and geographical area in the Americas, extending from central Mexico to Costa Rica. This region is known for its rich and diverse cultural history, including the rise and fall of ancient civilizations such as the Maya, Aztec, and Olmec.
According to archeological evidence, the Mesoamerican region is considered to be one of the six cradles of civilization in the world. This region has many natural resources, such as fertile land, forests, and minerals, which made it an attractive area for early civilizations to settle and flourish.
In summary, the land that extends from central Mexico to Costa Rica is called the Mesoamerican region. This region is known for its cultural and geographical significance and was home to ancient civilizations such as the Maya, Aztec, and Olmec.
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Complete the description of convergent evolution Match the terms in the left column to the appropriate blanks on the right. Terms can be used once, more than once, or not at all. Reset Help analogous features in distantly Convergent evolution is the evolution of lineages. It occurs when related organisms obtain a needs. Such resemblance is said to be that appeared convergently do not have a trait due to Therefore, species with traits dependent closely shared tralt common ancestor Independent different + similar homologous
Convergent evolution is the process of evolution in which unrelated or distantly related organisms evolve similar traits. This happens as a result of similar environmental pressures, causing the organisms to develop analogous features in order to survive.
Such resemblance is said to be homologous and is independent of any shared ancestry. Traits that appear convergently do not have a closely shared common ancestor, but are instead the result of similar needs resulting in similar traits being formed in different species.
Therefore, species with traits dependent on similar environmental pressures can develop similar characteristics, even if they are distantly related. This process helps to explain why similar features can be seen in distantly related species and helps to recognize the importance of environment over ancestry in the formation of traits.
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Please someone explain how to do this
Answer:
i just need pnts
explanation:
im sorry
in north america, which of the following frequently consumed items is most likely to be supplied by a trans-national corporation?a. Milk
b. Water
c. Coffee
d. Electricity
In North America, the most likely product to be supplied by a transnational corporation among the frequently consumed items is coffee.
The correct answer is C.
Transnational corporations are businesses that have headquarters in one country and subsidiaries in multiple other countries. These corporations are big enough to affect local economies, politics, and people’s lives in a significant way
North America is one of the largest coffee-consuming regions globally, and it's produced in countries such as Brazil, Colombia, and Costa Rica. The vast majority of coffee traded internationally is produced by small farmers and then sold to intermediaries for processing and roasting.
The commodity chain of coffee is increasingly being dominated by TNCs (Transnational Corporations) such as Starbucks, Nestlé, and Jacobs Douwe Egberts, among others. These corporations buy large amounts of coffee beans to process, package, and distribute to retail outlets globally. Therefore, the most likely product to be supplied by a transnational corporation among the frequently consumed items in North America is coffee.
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where is the kamchatka peninsula, home to 29 active volcanoes?
Answer:
Explanation:
The Kamchatka Peninsula is located in the far eastern part of Russia, in the Russian Far East. It is situated between the Sea of Okhotsk to the west and the Pacific Ocean to the east. The Kamchatka Peninsula is known for its stunning natural beauty, abundant wildlife, and numerous active volcanoes, with a total of 29 active volcanoes located on the peninsula.
Maine, Nevada, and North Dakota do not have large populations. What are some reasons for such small populations
Answer:
Explanation:
I have been to Maine several times. There are two issues about living there.They have hard winters, most of the time. Do not live there if you cannot deal with a long, hard winter. Its good if you can stay inside and write, like Stephen King.
another thing is job diversity because they rely on Lumber, fishing and other natural resources
Identify from the following list possible environments or conditions that can lead to the formation of clay or silt deposits- chemical weathering of soils- windblown material generated by glaciers- floodplains of river systems- bottoms of lakes- wave action along a beach
Clay or silt deposits can be formed in different environments or conditions. These include floodplains of river systems, bottoms of lakes, wave action along a beach, chemical weathering of soils, and windblown material generated by glaciers.
The floodplains of river systems are environments where clay or silt deposits can form. River floods can carry a significant amount of silt and clay materials, and when the water slows down, these materials can settle and form deposits. This process can occur repeatedly over time, resulting in the accumulation of thick clay or silt layers.
Silt and clay deposits can also form in the bottoms of lakes. The deposition of silt and clay materials in lakes is usually influenced by the volume and velocity of water entering the lake and the nature of the lake basin. When silt and clay materials settle to the bottom of the lake, they can form thick layers over time.
The wave action along a beach can lead to the formation of clay and silt deposits. Wave action can move sediments along the shore and carry them offshore. When the waves slow down, the sediments can settle and form deposits.
Clay and silt deposits can also form due to the chemical weathering of soils. When minerals in the soil are exposed to water and oxygen, they can undergo chemical reactions that transform them into clay and silt materials.
The movement of glaciers can create windblown materials that can form clay or silt deposits. When glaciers move, they can grind rocks into fine-grained sediments. These sediments can be transported by wind and deposited in different environments to form clay and silt deposits.
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how many new moons was jupiter discovered to have in february 2023?
Answer:
Astronomers have discovered 12 more moons orbiting Jupiter.
Explanation:
On Feb 16 2023,the planet was discovered to have 12 more moons orbiting Jupiter.
the difference between renewable and nonrenewable resources is that nonrenewable resources require
Answer:
Explanation:
The difference between renewable and nonrenewable resources is that nonrenewable resources require millions of years to form and are being depleted at a faster rate than they are being replenished, while renewable resources are replenished naturally and can be sustained over time. Nonrenewable resources include fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and natural gas, as well as minerals and metals that are mined from the earth. These resources are finite and once they are depleted, they cannot be replaced. In contrast, renewable resources include solar, wind, hydro, geothermal, and biomass energy, as well as resources such as timber, water, and crops that can be regrown or replenished naturally. These resources are replenished over time and can be sustained for future generations. The use of renewable resources is seen as a more sustainable and environmentally friendly approach to resource management, as they have a lower impact on the environment and can be used indefinitely without running out.
could some layer of sediment lie beneath a layer of bedrock?
Answer:
Explanation:
No, it is highly unlikely for a layer of sediment to lie beneath a layer of bedrock. Bedrock is formed by the solidification of rock material over a long period of time, usually through the process of cooling and crystallization of magma or the compaction and cementation of sedimentary particles. It is the solid and relatively stable foundation of the Earth's crust and is typically composed of hard, dense rocks such as granite, basalt, or sandstone.
In contrast, sediment is unconsolidated material such as sand, silt, and clay that has been deposited by water, wind, or glaciers. Sediment layers are generally found on top of bedrock and can accumulate over time, but they cannot form beneath it.
However, there are some rare cases where sediment may be found beneath the bedrock. For example, if a layer of sediment is deposited on top of a bedrock layer and then covered by another layer of bedrock through the process of tectonic uplift or erosion, it is possible for the sediment layer to be preserved beneath the new bedrock layer. This is a rare occurrence and requires very specific geological conditions to happen.
What are gases that accumulate in the atmosphere and contribute to global warming?
The gases that accumulate in the atmosphere and contribute to global warming are known as greenhouse gases. They trap heat from the sun and cause the Earth's temperature to increase.
What is global warming?Global warming refers to the phenomenon of Earth's average surface temperature increasing due to human activities that increase the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide, methane, and water vapor trap heat in the Earth's atmosphere, causing global temperatures to rise. This is referred to as the greenhouse effect.
What is the greenhouse effect?The greenhouse effect is a natural process that occurs when certain gases in the Earth's atmosphere, referred to as greenhouse gases, trap heat from the sun, preventing it from escaping into space. As a result, the Earth's temperature is kept within a range that is conducive to life as we know it.
However, human activities such as burning fossil fuels, deforestation, and industrial processes have led to an increase in the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, intensifying the greenhouse effect and causing global warming. This is a significant concern, as global warming can have a range of negative impacts on the environment and human societies.
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air flowing toward the equator is pushed and air flowing away from the equator is pushed is called
The phenomenon of air flowing toward the equator being pushed and air flowing away from the equator being pushed is known as the Hadley Cell.
This atmospheric circulation is named after George Hadley, an English lawyer who first proposed the concept in 1735.
The Hadley Cell is a two-celled atmospheric circulation in which air near the equator rises up and is pushed to the tropics, cooling as it moves away from the equator.
At the tropics, the air sinks back down to the surface and is pushed away from the equator, heating up as it moves towards the poles.
This circulation pattern helps to redistribute heat around the Earth and keeps the equator warm while cooling off the poles. This is why temperatures decrease significantly the further away you are from the equator.
The Hadley Cell is an important part of the global climate system, and without it, the planet would be significantly colder overall.
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which natural hazard occurs more often at active plate boundaries?
Answer:
The most often occurrence is volcanos.
Two types of plates, convergent and divergent can create an active volcano site.
according to the multiple nuclei model, an airport is likely to attract nearbyhotels and warehousesretail and wholesale shopsresidences and highwaysuniversities and colleges
According to the multiple nuclei model, an airport is likely to attract nearby residences and highways.
Multiple Nuclei Model, created by C.D. Harris and E.L. Ullman, is a geographic theory that acknowledges the presence of numerous nodes in a city, each having its own unique features.
Each node serves as the nucleus of the city's growth and development. Multiple nuclei model According to the multiple nuclei model, an airport is likely to attract nearby residences and highways, as it is a significant component of the city's economic development.
Since the airport is critical for business growth and creates job opportunities, people prefer to settle near the airport. This leads to the construction of new residential areas and highways near the airport, which facilitates travel to and from the airport.
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Question 1 3 pts The style of eruption depends on the plate tectonic setting in which the volcano is situated. Compare the different eruption styles you could observe at a divergent versus a convergent plate boundary. Make sure to address the roles that composition, viscosity, and gas content play in your answer.
At a divergent plate boundary, the plates are moving away from each other. This type of plate boundary is typically associated with less explosive eruptions.
Eruptions in this type of setting are usually composed of basaltic magma, which is low in silica content and very fluid.
These eruptions produce lava flows and rarely cause ash and pyroclastic flows. Since the viscosity of basaltic magma is low, gas bubbles can escape easily and cause less explosive eruptions.
At a convergent plate boundary, the plates are pushing together. This type of plate boundary is typically associated with explosive eruptions.
Eruptions in this type of setting are usually composed of andesitic or rhyolitic magma, which is high in silica content and more viscous than basaltic magma.
These eruptions produce ash and pyroclastic flows, and can be more explosive due to the higher viscosity of andesitic or rhyolitic magma.
The gas bubbles are more difficult to escape, so pressure builds up and causes more explosive eruptions.
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sort each statement below into the appropriate bin based on whether it is something that scientists knew about pluto or its moon charon before the new horizons flyby, is something learned as a result of the new horizons flyby, or is something that seems possible from the new horizons mission but for which we'll need additional data to establish it with certainty.
Pluto and Charon are tidally locked: This is something that scientists knew about Pluto and its moon Charon before the New Horizons flyby. Tidal locking occurs when an object's orbital period is the same as its rotational period, meaning that the same side of the object is always facing the other.
In this case, the same sides of Pluto and Charon are always facing each other as they orbit one another. The likelihood of this happening was predicted before the mission based on the distance between Pluto and Charon and the gravitational forces between them, and the New Horizons flyby confirmed this to be the case.
Charon has a tenuous atmosphere: This is something that was learned as a result of the New Horizons flyby. Before the mission, scientists suspected that Charon may have an atmosphere, but data from New Horizons showed that the atmosphere is much more substantial than expected.
The flyby revealed that the atmosphere is composed mostly of nitrogen and methane, and is about 100,000 times thinner than Earth's atmosphere. Additional data is needed to establish the atmosphere's exact composition and other details.
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