which of the following statements about nationalism is false? A. nationalism is a unifying force that has resulted in the creation of multiple nation states. B. nationalism has been used as a force of murder and genocide. C. nationalism has caused many multi ethnic states to break apart. D. nationalism is no longer the powerful force that it was in the past

Answer:

m dos fenômenos sociais recentes mais problematizados pelas disciplinas das Ciências Sociais é o nacionalismo, bem como os movimentos oriundos deste. Isso não acontece por acaso, pois, afinal de contas, a nação à qual pertencemos é geralmente a primeira forma que utilizamos para nos identificar quando estamos em outro país, não é verdade? O nacionalismo, portanto, de forma resumida, seria o sentimento de pertencimento de um sujeito a um grupo tanto por proximidade quanto por vínculo racial, linguístico ou histórico. Assim sendo, trata-se de uma ideologia que exalta o Estado nacional ao qual pertence o indivíduo em detrimento da imagem do que é estrangeiro.

Não é por acaso que alguns dos movimentos sociais mais importantes do mundo atual sejam nacionalistas. Sua força de mobilização em torno de interesses do grupo representado pela ideia da nacionalidade é sempre grande justamente porque é grande o poder generalizador que a identidade nacional possui. Entretanto, para os autores Karl Marx e Max Weber, o nacionalismo seria um fenômeno altamente destrutivo e de alcance bastante limitado. Eles acreditavam que, com o crescimento das economias capitalistas e a consequente integração que esse sistema exigia, o sentimento nacionalista gradualmente deixaria de existir em função da priorização do lucro, o que estimularia uma integração cada vez maior a ponto de as barreiras nacionais tornarem-se apenas obstáculos no caminho do “progresso” econômico.

Embora Weber tenha dedicado grande parte de seus estudos para as questões da nacionalidade, nem mesmo ele conseguiu antever a dimensão que o nacionalismo tomaria em nosso mundo contemporâneo. O cenário geopolítico e econômico atual é a evidência que mostra o quão profunda é a influência do ideal nacionalista em nossa realidade. As disputas territoriais, embora não sejam de maneira alguma novidade, não mais se travam apenas no campo de batalha físico. O sentimento de união que a ideia de nação permite, ocasiona a confluência de grupos que se identificam com a mesma construção de nacionalidade. O resultado é que mesmo que não possuam o reconhecimento ou tenham perdido seu reconhecimento formal de Estado-nação dos outros países, ou tenham sido conquistados por forças estrangeiras, a identidade comum de uma nacionalidade, ou o sentimento de pertencer a uma nação, permanece. Exemplo disso são os conflitos que ainda se desenrolam entre Israel e Palestina, em que o último não é reconhecido como uma nação ou país legítimo por um grande número de países, mas sua população mesmo assim se mantém unida, reconhece-se e identifica-se com uma identidade nacional.

Explanation:

Hey There!!

The answer to this is: B.

Nationalism is an economic and political system that is characterized by promotion of the interest of a particular country with the aim of gaining or maintaining self governance over the groups' home land.

Nationalism has never been used as a force of murder and genocide.

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