1. Complete the unfinished DNA strand from below.



2. What m-RNA strand would be formed from the DNA strand that you just made in #1 above?

3. Using the codon chart in the lesson, what amino acids would be aligned from the following m-RNA strand?

A U G G C G G A A

4. If the first base in the sequence above (#3) were mutated to a C, what would that do to the amino acid sequence?

5. If you were given a single tiny chunk of a nucleic acid strand and asked if it was DNA or RNA, what things would you look for to tell?

Answer: The inhibitor has a structure that is not similar to the substrate.

Explanation:

Enzymes are molecules that act as catalysts of chemical reactions, accelerating the reaction rate without affecting the equilibrium of the reaction, as long as it is energetically possible. They act on molecules called substrates, which are converted into different molecules called products.  

Enzymes are very selective with their substrates and are also susceptible to inhibitors which are molecules that regulate enzyme activity, inhibiting its activity. Inhibitors can be classified as reversible and irreversible. Irreversible inhibitors bind covalently to the enzyme with no possibility of reversing the modification they make, while reversible inhibitors bind reversibly to the enzyme and can reverse the modification.

A reaction occurring under the control of an enzyme reaches equilibrium much faster than the corresponding uncatalyzed reaction. The reaction, i.e. the production of products, can reach a saturation point if the substrate concentration increases too much, decreasing the concentration of free enzyme, which becomes the form with bound substrate. At the maximum rate (Vmax) of the enzyme, all active sites of the enzyme have substrate bound, and the amount of complexes is equal to the total amount of enzyme. The amount of substrate required to obtain a given reaction rate is also important and this parameter is given by the Michaelis-Menten constant (Km), which is the concentration of substrate required for an enzyme to reach half its maximum velocity. Each enzyme has a characteristic Km value for a given substrate, which can tell us how close the binding between the substrate and the enzyme is. Then, inhibitors bind to the substrate and increase the Km value as it interferes with the binding between substrate and enzyme. In this case, the Km value of the enzyme is the same in the presence and absence of the inhibitor, this means that there is no change, because the inhibitor has a different structure to the substrate, it does not bind and does not change the Km value.

Answer:

rjwosxjudua9e8r7xj, hq9rbfsi48t8fidjxh hd

Explanation:

6482hfjziso37bh7r9w9qhzh

Answer:

False.

Explanation:  

Neurotransmitter release occurs from the nervous terminal or varicosities in the neuronal axon. When an action potential reaches the nervous terminal, the neurotransmitter is released by exocytose. The molecule binds to its receptor in the postsynaptic neuron, triggering an answer. As long as the signal molecule is in the synaptic space, it keeps linking to its receptor and causing a postsynaptic response. To stop this process the neurotransmitter must be taken out from the synaptic space. There are two mechanisms by which the neurotransmitter can be eliminated:

• Enzymatic degradation/deactivation: There are specific enzymes in the synaptic space, which are in charge of inactivating the neurotransmitter by breaking or degrading it. The enzyme acetylcholinesterase prevents ACh from continuing to stimulate contraction.

• Reuptake: Receptors located in the presynaptic membrane can capture de molecule to store it back in new vesicles for posterior use. These transporters are active transport proteins that easily recognize the neurotransmitter.  

Answer:

structure X is the substrate so the answer is A

Explanation:

As it is trying to fit in the enzymes active site

According to the enzyme-substrate complex, the structure X is represented by a substrate. Thus, the correct option for this question is A.

Enzymes may be defined as biocatalysts that significantly enhance the rate of a chemical reaction without being altered in the overall process. It may be thought that all cellular reactions or processes are mediated by enzymes. Enzymes have a series of characteristics that depends on their activity.

According to the diagram given in the question, the structure X is the substrate, the structure Y is an enzyme, and the structure Z is the product. While stage 2 represents the enzyme-substrate complex.

Therefore, according to the enzyme-substrate complex, the structure X is represented by a substrate. Thus, the correct option for this question is A.

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Answer: The offspring can have both 100% black fur and eyes or it can vary

In the dihybrid cross,  

✔ both

of the parents had black fur and black eyes.

The offspring  

✔ varied.

-

The predicted values for the four phenotypes form a  

✔ 9:3:3:1

ratio. The simulated values  

✔ approximately

match this predicted ratio.

On Edge.

Answer:

C. Put an arrow labeled heat and pressure pointing from igneous rocks to metamorphic rocks

Explanation:

Metamorphic rocks are changed rocks that are formed from pre-existing rocks that were once sedimentary or igneous rocks. Heat and pressure majorly act on igneous rock, which over time change these rocks into a different rock entirely, known as metamorphic rocks.

Therefore, the next step to complete the diagram will be:

"C. Put an arrow labeled heat and pressure pointing from igneous rocks to metamorphic rocks."

Answer:

Explanation:

Hypothesis ⇒ A chemical ⇒ might be a potential treatment for cancer cells.

Experiment:

7 days later ⇒ the number of cells in each plate

Results:

Cells treated with the chemical have a lower survival rate than cells left untreated.

Chemical affects the Rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER)

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The endoplasmic reticulum is in charge of many cellular functions, such as protein folding, maturation, and transport, especially those destined for secretion. It produces the latest protein modifications after transduction.

When the synthesizing protein gets in the Rough endoplasmic reticulum,  it continues its building in the organelle. Finally, the protein suffers folding and the initial stages of glycosylation.  

Once the protein synthesis in the endoplasmic reticulum is over, these molecules are packaged into vesicles and sent to the Golgi complex for their final association with carbohydrates. Finally, protein leaves the Golgi complex and goes to its final destiny.

Any alteration in the intracellular environment

inevitably affects the organelle and its functions. When the organelle is not properly working, proteins synthesis is affected and, consequently, all the cellular activities. The affected cell homeostasis might be so altered that the cell ends dying.

If the drug affects the ER by altering its environment or directly affecting it, the organelle will fail to perform its functions, and the cell will eventually dye.

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The independent and the dependent variables are the two principal factors needed in an experiment.  

 Independent variable: Refers to all the variables in an experiment that provoke a response in another variable. The independent variable changes or is controlled and modified in the experiment to analyze how another variable responds to it. It changes to analyze its effects on the dependent variable. Usually, the independent variable is represented by the X letter.

In the exposed example, the independent variable is the drug that affects the cancer cells. The researcher decides to apply it or not, and the concentrations in which the drug is.  

Dependent variable: Refers to the variable that reacts to the changes produced in the independent variable. Depending on how the independent variable is modified, the dependent variable change.  It is usually identified by the letter Y.

In the exposed example cell survival is the dependent variable. Cancer cells respond to the presence/absence of the chemical, and might differently respond to the varying concentration of the drug.

Answer:

Answer:

its (a)

Explanation:

Answer:

Extrachromosomal or cytoplasmic inheritance

Explanation:

Extrachromosomal or cytoplasmic inheritance refers to hereditability transmission controlled by cytoplasmic genes.

This form of inheritance lays in genes that are out of the nucleus. Information for some characters is placed in organelles in the cytoplasm, such as mitochondria and chloroplasts. These organelles have a well-defined portion of the total cellular genome.

Although mitochondrial inheritance is mostly maternal, recent studies have demonstrated that it might also be paternal.

Sperm cells hardly carry mitochondria, so mitochondrial DNI is mostly inherited from the maternal side. If there exists any mutation in this DNI, the whole progeny of the mutated woman will be affected, as they will get the mother´s mitochondria carrying the mutation. On the contrary, if there is a man affected by a disease caused by a mutation in mitochondrial DNI, non of their descendants will get the disease.

Answer:

42m3

Explanation:

Answer:

Protein combining

Explanation:

The strategy involving the combination of two plant proteins to get all the essential amino acids is referred to as protein combining.

The practice of protein combining is common among vegans due to the general belief that a single plant-based protein does not contain all the necessary amino acids for the body. Thus, one would need to combine 2 plant-based proteins in order to get all the essential amino acids for adequate health.

Answer:

long-read sequencing

Explanation:

a method of dna sequencing under active development

Answer: Yes, this helps a lot.

Answer:

46 chromosomes

Explanation:

In mitosis (I think it is this process) the 46 chromosomes in cell A replicate themselves, so there are 92 in total in cell B. Then the chromosomes are pulled apart and the cell splits into 2 daughter cells, leaving 46 chromosomes in each.

Answer:

46

Explanation:

Answer:

Photosynthesis doesn't occur at night. When there is no photosynthesis, there is a net release of carbon dioxide and a net uptake of oxygen. ... the rate of photosynthesis is higher than the rate of respiration. there is a net release of oxygen and a net uptake of carbon dioxide.

Answer:

Trophic Level Definition. A trophic level is the group of organisms within an ecosystem which occupy the same level in a food chain.

Examples of Trophic Level. Primary producers, or ”autotrophs”, are organisms that produce biomass from inorganic compounds

Explanation:

Answer:

enucleation po ^-^

Explanation:

ata? correct me if imma wrong -¿-

1.we should not cut trees as this can effect the food chain of animals.

2.we should water the plants everyday

3.we should atleast plant a baby plant every day.

4.we should not kill any animal.

5.we should decrease the use of plastics.

6.we should keep our area pollution free.

7.we should use natural pesticide to a plant

Answer:

biofilm

Explanation:

Answer:

isotonic

Explanation:

In hypotonic environments, the cells fill with water and bloat until they explode.

In hypertonic environments, the cells will lose their water and shrink.

In an isotonic environment, the cells would remain constant and thrive.

Answer:

The endoplasmic reticulum can either be smooth or rough, and in general its function is to produce proteins for the rest of the cell to function. The rough endoplasmic reticulum has on it ribosomes, which are small, round organelles whose function it is to make those proteins.

Answer:

1. Chlorophyceae

2. Xanthophyceae

3. Chrysophyceae

4. Bacillariophyceae

5. Cryptophyceae

6. Dinophyceae

7. Chloromonadineae

8. Euglenineae

9. Phaeophyceae

10. Rhodophyceae

11. Cyanophyceae or Myxophyceae.

Explanation:

Algae are a group of living organisms classified under the kingdom Protista. They exhibit unique characteristics such as mode of reproduction, type of pigment, food reserve material, locomotive ability etc.

A british scientist (botanist) named Felix Eugen Fritsch in 1935 classified algae into 11 different classes based on some of these characteristics. The classes of algae are as follows:

1. Chlorophyceae (green algae)

2. Xanthophyceae (yellow green algae)

3. Chrysophyceae

4. Bacillariophyceae (diatoms)

5. Cryptophyceae

6. Dinophyceae

7. Chloromonadineae

8. Euglenineae

9. Phaeophyceae (brown algae)

10. Rhodophyceae (red algae)

11. Cyanophyceae/Myxophyceae (blue green algae)

Answer:

Explanation:

The chollenchyma are parenchymal cells that contain chloroplasts.In these cell synthesis of carbohydrate is at its maximum, including the pallisade cells for distribution around the plant.

hope it helps much

by: johnglenleemahusay

Answer:   The correct answer is bridges

Explanation:  Confirmed correct

Answer:

1 a

2 b

3 c

Explanation:

Answer:

Newton developed a mathematical formulation of gravity that explained both the motion of a falling apple and that of the planets. He showed that the gravitational force between any two objects is proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them

Explanation:

Answer:

The correct answer is ''insufficient intracellular quantities of ATP due to excessive consumption''

Explanation:

The energy source for the muscle to contract efficiently is adenosine triphosphate (ATP). When ATP is metabolized, energy is obtained. Under normal conditions, the muscle has a sufficient energy reserve to support a limited time of maximum activity. When this reserve is depleted, the body activates other metabolic pathways to achieve more ATP. Glucose is activated first, then carbohydrates, and last - only if the exercise is prolonged - lipids (fats). The muscle, therefore, ends up transforming this ATP into the necessary energy.Whether our body uses more fat or more glucose / glycogen as fuel will depend, above all, on the intensity and duration of physical exercise. The body uses more fat the more gentle and prolonged the exercise; while, the more intense the sport, the more important the need for glycogen will be.Muscle fatigue is the inability or lack of strength to continue doing a certain activity. It happens when the muscles are not strong enough to continue. Specifically, when carrying out a physical activity, the active muscle requires oxygen and energy reserves of glycogen; When the intensity of the activity is increased, this need for oxygen increases, exceeding the levels that the transport system is capable of providing.This situation leads to the active muscle looking for another source of energy, increasing lactic acid which, in turn, it develops a metabolic acidosis that can lead to the breakdown of muscle fiber. ATP is obtained from the oxidative degradation of metabolic substrates such as muscle glycogen, serum glucose, free fatty acids originating from muscles or adipose tissue, being characteristic of muscle fiber, the consumption of ATP, and the production of ADP and Pi, much faster than it regenerates.

C. Natural disaster is a density-independent factor affecting population growth. Density-independent factors are those that affect the population irrespective of the population size or density.

Natural disasters such as floods, hurricanes, earthquakes, and wildfires can reduce population sizes regardless of how many individuals were present in the population before the disaster occurred. The other factors listed - competition, disease, and predation - are all density-dependent factors, which means that they become more significant as the population size or density increases.

Competition is an example of a density-dependent factor, as it increases as the population size increases. As more individuals compete for limited resources such as food, water, and shelter, the rate of population growth slows down.

Disease is another density-dependent factor, as it spreads more easily in crowded populations where individuals are in close contact with one another.

On the other hand, natural disasters such as floods, hurricanes, and wildfires are examples of density-independent factors. These events can affect a population regardless of its size, and they can cause significant decreases in population size.

Predation can be both a density-dependent and density-independent factor. In some cases, predation can increase as the population size increases, making it a density-dependent factor. However, predators can also reduce the population size through random hunting or selective hunting of weaker individuals, making it a density-independent factor.

Understanding the factors that affect population growth is important for predicting and managing population sizes in both natural and human-made ecosystems.

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