In "The Myth of Asia's Miracle," Krugman argues that the rapid growth of East Asian countries can be attributed to **option c) Because these countries had different economic policies that were better than US policies for using resources efficiently**. Krugman contends that the success of East Asian countries was primarily driven by their strategic economic policies, such as export-oriented industrialization, investment in human capital, and targeted government interventions. These policies allowed them to allocate resources effectively, promote technological progress, and create a competitive advantage in global markets.
Krugman dismisses option a) Because they had very high savings and investment rates, and this let them produce a lot more inputs as an incomplete explanation. While high savings and investment rates played a role, he argues that it was the specific economic policies that made a significant difference in their growth.
Option b) Because these countries were dictatorships, and dictatorships grow faster than democracies is incorrect according to Krugman. He asserts that the growth was not solely attributed to the political system but rather the economic policies implemented.
Lastly, Krugman does not claim that all of the given options were reasons for East Asian countries' rapid growth (option d). Instead, he emphasizes the significance of specific economic policies.
Therefore, the most accurate answer is option c) Because these countries had different economic policies that were better than US policies for using resources efficiently.
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what are the three parts of the highway transportation system
1. Vehicles: These are the means of transportation used on the highways, including cars, trucks, motorcycles, buses, and other vehicles.
2. Roadways: Roadways refer to the physical infrastructure of highways, including the network of roads, lanes, bridges, and tunnels that enable vehicles to travel from one place to another.
3. Users: Users are the individuals who operate vehicles or travel on the roadways. They include drivers, passengers, pedestrians, and cyclists who interact with the highway transportation system.
The highway transportation system is a complex and interconnected system that facilitates the movement of people and goods on the road. Vehicles are the modes of transportation that utilize the roadways, which provide the physical routes for travel. The roadways include various elements such as interstates, highways, local streets, and transportation infrastructure like bridges and tunnels. Users of the system encompass all individuals who utilize the roads, whether as drivers, passengers, pedestrians, or cyclists. These three components work together to create an integrated system that enables safe and efficient transportation, ensuring the smooth flow of traffic and connectivity between different locations.
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You have been asked to develop a pro forma statement of cash flow for the coming (base) year for Summer Place Mall. The information given to you is listed below. Required: a. From the iabcue data, develop a pro forma statement for a base year showing net operating income (NOb) for Summer Plucen.
A pro forma statement of cash flow for the base year for Summer Place Mall can be developed to show net operating income (NOI). The pro forma statement will outline the expected cash inflows and outflows related to the mall's operating activities.
In the pro forma statement, net operating income (NOI) is calculated by subtracting the total operating expenses from the total operating revenues. This represents the profitability of the mall's core operations.
To prepare the pro forma statement, gather the relevant financial data, including the projected operating revenues, such as rental income from tenants, parking fees, and other sources. Deduct the anticipated operating expenses, such as property maintenance costs, utilities, employee salaries, and administrative expenses. The resulting figure will be the net operating income (NOI) for the base year.
It's important to note that the pro forma statement of cash flow focuses on the operating activities of the business and does not include financing or investing activities. It provides valuable insights into the financial performance and profitability of Summer Place Mall for the base year.
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first part
1--The cost of inventory that a business has sold to its customers is called _____________________.
2--What inventory system uses a computer system to keeping a running record of inventory on-hand?
3--Where is the Recovery Asset reported in accordance with GAAP?
4--Explain how sales are to be recorded under the new revenue recognition standard.
5--Lesley's Apparel offers its customers the right to return any products purchased up to 45 days after the sale, for any reason. Last Thursday, Lesley's Apparel sold 100 blue cardigans to a variety of customers. Historically (based on experience), Lesley (owner of Lesley's Apparel) expects 20 of those cardigans to be returned for a full refund. On average, Lesley sells a cardigan for $125 and pays $50 to produce a cardigan. Prepare the entries to record the sale of the cardigans and expected refund liability and corresponding asset in accordance with GAAP. You may use traditional journal entries or the accounting equation to illustrate your entries. Please support your answer with well-labeled computations so that we can understand how you determined the amounts posted here.
The Estimated Refund Asset is a contra-asset account that represents the expected refunds that will be made to customers.
1. The cost of inventory that a business has sold to its customers is called Cost of Goods Sold (COGS).
2. A perpetual inventory system uses a computer system to keep a running record of inventory on hand. This system continuously updates the inventory balance as purchases and sales are made in real-time.
3. The Recovery Asset is reported as an Asset on the balance sheet in accordance with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP).
4. Under the new revenue recognition standard, sales are to be recorded when control of the goods or services has transferred to the customer, and the amount of revenue recognized should reflect the consideration the company expects to receive in exchange for the goods or services.
5. To record the sale of the cardigans and the expected refund liability, the following journal entries can be made:
a) Sales Revenue:
Debit: Accounts Receivable (100 cardigans x $125) = $12,500
Credit: Sales Revenue = $12,500
b) Cost of Goods Sold:
Debit: Cost of Goods Sold (100 cardigans x $50) = $5,000
Credit: Inventory = $5,000
c) Refund Liability:
Debit: Refund Liability (20 cardigans x $125) = $2,500
Credit: Estimated Refund Asset = $2,500
Note: The entries assume that Lesley's Apparel uses the accrual basis of accounting. The refund liability is recorded to account for the estimated returns based on historical experience. The Estimated Refund Asset is a contra-asset account that represents the expected refunds that will be made to customers.
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Fill in the values below for the following question. Put a question mark beside the value you are trying to solve for. Then solve using a TVM online solver.
How long would it take to be a millionaire if you invest $800 a month at an interest rate of 6% compounded monthly?
Number of compounding periods (n):
Interest rate as percent (I):
Present value (PV):
Regular payment/withdrawal (PMT):
Future value (FV):
Payments per year:
Compounds per year:
A TVM solver is used to calculate the time it takes to become a millionaire by investing $800 a month at an interest rate of 6% compounded monthly.
Using a TVM solver, we can input the given values:
interest rate (I) as 6%,
regular payment/withdrawal (PMT) as -$800 (since it's an investment),
present value (PV) as $0,
future value (FV) as $1,000,000 (the desired amount),
and the number of payments per year and compounds per year as 12 (monthly compounding).
By solving for the number of compounding periods (n), we can determine how long it would take to reach a million dollars. The TVM solver will provide the answer in terms of the number of months required to accumulate the desired amount.
Using an online TVM solver or financial calculator with the given values, we can find the number of compounding periods (n) needed to accumulate $1,000,000. This will indicate the time it takes to become a millionaire by investing $800 a month at a 6% interest rate compounded monthly.
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A company produces their financial statements to overstate sales and maximize net earnings because they wish to obtain a loan from the bank in the upcoming year. Which of the following statements is true based on the information provided?
a. Faithful representation - violated
b. Comparability - followed
c. Timeliness - violated
d. Verifiability - followed
e. Understandable - followed
a. Faithful representation - violated
The overstatement of sales in the financial statements would result in a misrepresentation of the company's financial position and performance, which violates the principle of faithful representation. Faithful representation requires that financial statements accurately reflect the financial position, performance, and cash flows of the company.
b. Comparability - unclear
The information provided does not give any indication as to whether comparability has been followed or violated. Comparability refers to the ability to compare financial statements of different periods or companies.
c. Timeliness - unclear
The information provided does not give any indication as to whether timeliness has been followed or violated. Timeliness requires that financial information be available to users in a timely manner.
d. Verifiability - unclear
The information provided does not give any indication as to whether verifiability has been followed or violated. Verifiability refers to the ability to confirm the accuracy of financial information through independent sources.
e. Understandable - unclear
The information provided does not give any indication as to whether the principle of understandability has been followed or violated. Understandability requires that financial information be presented in a clear and concise manner so that users can understand it easily.
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A firm plans to issue $20m of stock. It can issue $10m of debt before it needs to issue debt at a higher rate. The firm has no preferred stock and $7m of retained earnings which it can use for financing. If the firm's weights are 50% stock and 50% debt, which breakpoint will come first?
Group of answer choices
debt
equity
both occur at the same time
can't tell from the information given
To determine which breakpoint will come first, we need to compare the amounts available for issuing debt and equity. firm plans Given information:
Planned stock issuance: $20 million Debt capacity before higher rate: $10 million Retained earnings available: $7 million Weights: 50% stock and 50% debt Let's calculate the total financing capacity for debt and equity: Debt capacity: $10 million Equity capacity: $20 million (planned stock issuance) + $7 million (retained earnings) = $27 million Since the firm's weights are 50% stock and 50% debt, we need to determine the amount at which each financing option reaches its respective weight limit: firm plans Debt weight limit: 50% of the total financing capacity = 50% of $37 million = $18.5 million Equity weight limit: 50% of the total financing capacity = 50% of $37 million = $18.5 million Comparing the debt capacity ($10 million) and the debt weight limit ($18.5 million), we can see that the debt capacity will be reached first. Therefore, the debt breakpoint will come first.
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Mittal Companies bought a machine at the beginning of the year at a cost of $35,000. The estimated useful life was five years and the residual value was $2,000. Assume the estimated productive life of the machine is 16,500 units. Expected annual production was year 1, 3,300 units; year 2, 4,300 units; year 3, 3,300 units; year 4, 3,300 units; and year 5, 2,300 units.
Complete a depreciation schedule for the units-of-production method.
Prepare the journal entry to record Year 2 depreciation.
The Depreciation using the units-of-production method is - $8,600
To calculate depreciation using the units-of-production method, we need to determine the depreciation per unit and then multiply it by the number of units produced each year.
Let's complete the depreciation schedule first and then prepare the journal entry for Year 2 depreciation.
Depreciation Schedule: Year 1:
Units Produced: 3,300
Depreciation per Unit:
(Cost - Residual Value) / Estimated Productive Life
= ($35,000 - $2,000) / 16,500
= $33,000 / 16,500
= $2 per unit
Depreciation Expense:
Units Produced * Depreciation per Unit
= 3,300 * $2
= $6,600
Year 2:
Units Produced: 4,300
Depreciation per Unit: $2 (same as Year 1)
Depreciation Expense:
4,300 * $2
= $8,600
Year 3:
Units Produced: 3,300
Depreciation per Unit: $2 (same as Year 1)
Depreciation Expense:
3,300 * $2
= $6,600
Year 4:
Units Produced: 3,300
Depreciation per Unit: $2 (same as Year 1)
Depreciation Expense:
3,300 * $2
= $6,600
Year 5:
Units Produced: 2,300
Depreciation per Unit: $2 (same as Year 1)
Depreciation Expense:
2,300 * $2
= $4,600
Journal Entry to Record Year 2 Depreciation:
Date: End of Year 2 (Assuming December 31)
Debit:
Depreciation Expense - $8,600
Credit:
Accumulated Depreciation - $8,600
Note: Accumulated Depreciation is a contra-asset account, and the credit amount represents the cumulative depreciation over the years.
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1. Determine if your current lifestyle is sustainable by calculating your ecological footprint (EF).
2. Reflect on what are some of the demands of your current lifestyle on the planet and what worldview, values do your lifestyle represent. (a) What does your overall EF suggest about the sustainability of your current lifestyle, given that we live on a single planet. (c) Compare and contrast the impact of specific consumption categories (shelter, mobility, food, etc.) on your EF. Justify the proportional contribution of these categories to your EF by using specific examples of your lifestyle choices.
3. Can your lifestyle become more sustainable and why are individual actions necessary to ensure sustainability?
(a) Describe 2 lifestyle changes to reduce your EF and become more sustainable using external sources of evidence as supporting information.
b) Use APA formatting for in-text citations and reference list of sources used.
Instructions: Use the Ecological Footprint Calculator
pls explain this with long answer
1. To determine if your current lifestyle is sustainable, you can calculate your ecological footprint (EF) using an Ecological Footprint Calculator.
The EF measures the amount of land and resources required to support your lifestyle and absorb the waste you produce. By quantifying your impact on the planet, the EF provides an estimate of your sustainability.
2. Reflecting on the demands of your current lifestyle and the values it represents is crucial for understanding its sustainability implications:
a) The overall EF score suggests the sustainability of your lifestyle. Since we live on a single planet with finite resources, it is essential to have an EF that is within the Earth's carrying capacity. If your EF exceeds the available resources and ecological capacity, your lifestyle is not sustainable in the long run.
b) To compare and contrast the impact of specific consumption categories on your EF, you need to assess different aspects of your lifestyle:
- Shelter: Consider the size and energy efficiency of your home. A larger house requires more resources to build, maintain, and heat/cool, resulting in a higher EF. Energy-efficient upgrades, such as insulation or using renewable energy sources, can reduce your EF.
- Mobility: Evaluate your transportation choices. Driving a gas-guzzling car or taking frequent flights increases your EF. Opting for public transport, carpooling, cycling, or walking can significantly reduce your transportation-related footprint.
- Food: Assess the type and origin of your food. Eating meat, particularly beef, has a substantial environmental impact due to land use, water consumption, and greenhouse gas emissions. Choosing plant-based or locally sourced foods can reduce your EF in this category.
- Consumption: Consider the amount of goods you purchase and their lifecycle impact. Buying products with excessive packaging, fast fashion items, or regularly upgrading electronic devices contributes to a higher EF. Adopting a minimalist approach, favoring sustainable products, and repairing/reusing items can lower your footprint.
3. Individual actions are crucial for ensuring sustainability, as collective efforts can lead to significant change. To make your lifestyle more sustainable:
a) Implement two lifestyle changes based on external sources:
- Transition to a plant-based diet: The production of meat, especially beef, requires large amounts of land, water, and energy while contributing to deforestation and greenhouse gas emissions. Shifting towards a plant-based diet can substantially reduce your EF. (Source: Poore, J., & Nemecek, T. (2018). Reducing food's environmental impacts through producers and consumers. Science, 360(6392), 987-992.)
- Embrace renewable energy sources: Transitioning from fossil fuel-based energy to renewable sources like solar or wind power reduces your carbon footprint and dependency on finite resources. Installing solar panels at home or supporting community renewable energy initiatives can help achieve this goal. (Source: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). (2011). Special Report on Renewable Energy Sources and Climate Change Mitigation.)
b) APA in-text citation example: According to Poore and Nemecek (2018), shifting towards a plant-based diet can significantly reduce food's environmental impacts.
APA reference list example:
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). (2011). Special Report on Renewable Energy Sources and Climate Change Mitigation. Retrieved from [provide URL]
Poore, J., & Nemecek, T. (2018). Reducing food's environmental impacts through producers and consumers. Science, 360(6392), 987-992.
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The price that a farmer receives for radishes is $62.00 per cwt. (100 pounds). The price for processed radishes is $75.00 per cwt and the price for processed radishes at the retail level is $2.15 per pound. The conversion factor for processed radishes is 1.175. What is the farm-to-retail price spread?
The farm-to-retail price spread for radishes is approximately $1.53 per pound.
The farm-to-retail price spread can be calculated by subtracting the farm price from the retail price for the same quantity of radishes. Here's how we can calculate it:
First, let's convert the processed radish price from cwt to pounds. Since the conversion factor for processed radishes is 1.175, we can multiply the price per cwt ($75.00) by the conversion factor:
Processed Radish Price (per pound) = $75.00 / 1.175 ≈ $63.83
Now, we have the price of processed radishes at the retail level, which is $2.15 per pound. We can subtract the farm price ($62.00 per cwt) from the retail price to calculate the farm-to-retail price spread:
Farm-to-Retail Price Spread = Retail Price - Farm Price
ince the farm price is given in cwt and the retail price is given per pound, we need to convert the farm price to a per pound basis. There are 100 pounds in a cwt, so we can divide the farm price by 100:
Farm Price (per pound) = $62.00 / 100 = $0.62
Now we can calculate the farm-to-retail price spread:
Farm-to-Retail Price Spread = $2.15 - $0.62 ≈ $1.53
Therefore, the farm-to-retail price spread for radishes is approximately $1.53 per pound.
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"The Fall, namely, the broken relation between human and God manifests itself in many ways in business. Men and women in business have often lost a sense of meaning about their work." Why does Van Duzer argue this contention? What are some things and business situations can you find be examples of this first type of broken relation?
Van Duzer argues that the broken relationship between human beings and God, often referred to as "the Fall," has implications for the business world. He suggests that this broken relationship has led to a loss of meaning in work for many individuals in business. This contention is based on a theological perspective that views work as a sacred and meaningful activity that is meant to contribute to the flourishing of individuals and society.
According to Van Duzer, the Fall has introduced brokenness and sin into the world, affecting various aspects of human life, including business. Some reasons why he argues this contention are:
1. Distorted view of work: The broken relationship with God can lead to a distorted view of work, where it is seen merely as a means of personal gain, material accumulation, or self-worth, rather than as a way to serve others and participate in God's creative and redemptive purposes.
2. Idolatry of success and wealth: The broken relationship with God can contribute to the idolization of success, wealth, and power in business, leading to unethical practices, exploitation of others, and a loss of focus on the common good.
3. Lack of purpose and fulfillment: When individuals in business are disconnected from a sense of meaning derived from their relationship with God, they may experience a lack of purpose and fulfillment in their work. This can result in disengagement, dissatisfaction, and a focus solely on personal interests rather than the well-being of others.
Examples of business situations that can be seen as manifestations of this broken relationship include:
1. Unethical practices: When businesses prioritize profit and self-interest over ethical considerations, such as exploiting workers, engaging in dishonest marketing practices, or damaging the environment, it reflects a broken relationship with moral values and a loss of meaning in work beyond financial gain.
2. Lack of concern for employees: When businesses treat employees merely as resources to be used and discarded, without considering their well-being, development, or dignity, it demonstrates a broken relationship that fails to recognize the intrinsic value of individuals.
3. Pursuit of short-term gains: When businesses prioritize short-term financial gains at the expense of long-term sustainability or the interests of stakeholders, it reflects a broken relationship that prioritizes immediate benefits over long-term flourishing and the common good.
4. Neglect of social responsibility: When businesses ignore their responsibilities to the broader society and communities in which they operate, failing to contribute positively to social, environmental, or economic well-being, it reflects a broken relationship that disregards the interconnectedness of human flourishing.
These examples illustrate how a broken relationship with God can manifest in the business world, leading to actions and behaviors that undermine the meaningfulness and purpose of work. Van Duzer argues that recognizing and addressing this brokenness is important for restoring a sense of meaning, purpose, and ethical engagement in business.
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There are three cash flow types that companies should track and
analyze to determine the liquidity and solvency of the business.
Illustrate with example the 3 types of cash flow activities. (10
Marks)
A company must monitor and evaluate three cash flow categories to determine its liquidity and solvency. These three types of cash flow activities are operating cash flows, investing cash flows, and financing cash flows.
Operating cash flows is the cash flow that comes from the company's regular business operations, such as the purchase and sale of products or services. This is the type of cash flow that is created on a regular basis by the company's income-generating activities. This cash inflow is critical to the company's short-term liquidity and solvency. For example, let's say that a corporation earns $100,000 in sales revenue and spends $60,000 on salaries, rent, utilities, and other expenditures. The corporation's net operating cash flow for the period is $40,000.
Investing cash flows are the cash inflows and outflows related to long-term capital expenditures, such as the purchase or sale of fixed assets like property, plant, and equipment. Investing cash flows include expenditures on research and development and other intellectual property. Cash inflows in investing activities include the sale of long-term assets. For example, suppose a business owner decided to purchase a new piece of equipment for $20,000 to replace an older machine. As a result, the company's cash flow for investing activities would be -$20,000, reflecting the cash outflow from the purchase of the new machine.
Financing cash flows are the cash inflows and outflows related to long-term borrowing and financing. These activities involve money that the company borrows or repays to creditors or investors. This category of cash flow includes payments made on long-term debts, stock repurchases, dividends paid to shareholders, and new stock issuances. For example, let's say that a company issues new bonds with a face value of $1,000,000 and receives $1,000,000 in cash from investors. The corporation's cash inflow from financing activities for the period is $1,000,000.
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Mark and Mary Smith are interested in starting a business. Mark has an engineering background and has worked for ten years in the design department of an aircraft parts manufacturing company. Mary is an elementary school teacher with a specialty in remedial mathematics. The smith family, including two teenage girls, reside in a fast-growing Midwest suburban community. The desire to control their earnings and time while building their own security are the idea motivating Mark and Mary to start a business.
Mark and Mary Smith, with Mark's engineering experience and Mary's specialty in remedial mathematics, are motivated to start a business in their fast-growing suburban community.
They aim to control their earnings, time, and build their own security, driven by the desire for independence and financial stability.
Mark's engineering background, coupled with his ten years of experience in the design department of an aircraft parts manufacturing company, equips him with valuable technical knowledge and expertise. Mary's specialization in remedial mathematics from her career as an elementary school teacher adds another skill set to their business venture.
Residing in a fast-growing Midwest suburban community presents opportunities for their business to cater to the needs of a growing population. The desire to control their earnings and time reflects their aspiration for financial independence and flexibility in managing their schedules.
By starting their own business, Mark and Mary aim to build their own security. Entrepreneurship allows them to have more control over their financial future, as they can shape the growth and success of their business according to their goals and vision.
Overall, the combination of their professional backgrounds, the characteristics of their community, and their personal aspirations form the basis for Mark and Mary Smith's motivation to start a business.
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A jeweler produces bracelets according to the fixed coefficient production function:
Q = min(K/40, L/1)
where K represents the umber of links necessary to produce an 8 inch bracelet and L represents the number of laborers.
Plot the Isoquant's associated with:
Q = 1 and Q = 2 bracelets.
What are the most efficient combinations of labor and capital that can be used to produce 1 and 2 bracelets?
(PLEASE SHOW THE ALGEBRA/ECONOMIC ARITHMETIC BEHIND THIS QUESTION).
The optimal combination of labor and capital in this production process is zero for both levels of output. This means that the jeweler can produce one or two bracelets with no capital or labor inputs.
To plot the isoquants associated with Q=1 and Q=2 bracelets, we can rearrange the production function as follows:
Q = min(K/40, L/1)
K/40 = L/1 when Q=1
K/20 = L when Q=1
K/40 = L/1 when Q=2
K/10 = L when Q=2
We can now plot the isoquants on a graph with K on the x-axis and L on the y-axis.
For Q=1, the isoquant equation is K/20=L. This is a linear equation with a slope of 1/20. To plot this isoquant, we can first plot the points (0, 0) and (20, 1), which represent the combinations of capital and labor required to produce one bracelet. We can then draw a straight line passing through these two points, which represents all possible combinations of capital and labor that can be used to produce one bracelet.
For Q=2, the isoquant equation is K/10=L. This is also a linear equation with a slope of 1/10. To plot this isoquant, we can first plot the points (0, 0) and (10, 1), which represent the combinations of capital and labor required to produce two bracelets. We can then draw a straight line passing through these two points, which represents all possible combinations of capital and labor that can be used to produce two bracelets.
To find the most efficient combinations of labor and capital that can be used to produce 1 and 2 bracelets, we need to find the points on each of the isoquants that are closest to the origin, since these represent the combinations of labor and capital that use the least amount of resources to produce each level of output.
For Q=1, the point on the isoquant that is closest to the origin is (0,0), which means that no capital or labor is needed to produce one bracelet. This is the most efficient combination.
For Q=2, the point on the isoquant that is closest to the origin is (0,0) as well, which means that no capital or labor is needed to produce two bracelets. Again, this is the most efficient combination.
Therefore, the optimal combination of labor and capital in this production process is zero for both levels of output. This means that the jeweler can produce one or two bracelets with no capital or labor inputs. However, it is important to note that this result may not be economically feasible or realistic, as it assumes a perfectly competitive market and does not take into account other factors such as fixed costs or input prices.
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Hello, please help. Thank you!
Sunland Industries has adopted the following production budget for the four quarters of 2022:
Quarter 1 Quarter 2 Quarter 3 Quarter 4
Units 5,800 8,000 9,000 10,100
Each unit requires 3 kg of raw materials costing $6 per kilogram. On December 31, 2021, the ending raw materials inventory was 1,740 kg. Management wants to have a raw materials inventory at the beginning of each quarter equal to 30% of the current quarter’s production requirements. The production budget for the first quarter of 2023 will be 12,000 units. Prepare a direct materials purchases budget by quarters for 2022.
The direct materials purchases budget for Sunland Industries in 2022 shows the estimated amount of raw materials to be purchased for each quarter based on production requirements and desired ending inventory, ensuring a smooth production process and inventory management.
To prepare the direct materials purchases budget by quarters for 2022 for Sunland Industries, we need to calculate the raw materials required for each quarter and the desired ending inventory for each quarter. Here's how the direct materials purchases budget would look:
Direct Materials Purchases Budget for 2022:Quarter | Units Produced | Raw Materials Required per Unit | Total Raw Materials Required | Desired Ending Inventory | Total Raw Materials Needed | Raw Materials to be Purchased
------- | -------------- | ---------------------------- | --------------------------- | ----------------------- | -------------------------- | ----------------------------
Q1 | 5,800 | 3 kg | 17,400 kg | 1,740 kg | 19,140 kg | 17,400 kg + (8,000 * 3 kg) - 1,740 kg = 41,660 kg
Q2 | 8,000 | 3 kg | 24,000 kg | 2,400 kg | 26,400 kg | 24,000 kg + (9,000 * 3 kg) - 2,400 kg = 36,600 kg
Q3 | 9,000 | 3 kg | 27,000 kg | 2,700 kg | 29,700 kg | 27,000 kg + (10,100 * 3 kg) - 2,700 kg = 47,500 kg
Q4 | 10,100 | 3 kg | 30,300 kg | - | 30,300 kg | 30,300 kg
Note: The desired ending inventory for Q4 is not given since it is the last quarter of the year, and no further production is planned.
The "Raw Materials to be Purchased" column represents the total raw materials needed for production, considering the desired ending inventory and the beginning inventory for each quarter.
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In 2011 CareFirst BlueCross BlueShield, a plan offering coverage in Maryland, the District of Columbia, and northern Virginia, implemented a patient-centered medical home (PCMH) program that included enhanced payments for primary care practices, financial incentives
for primary care physicians to reduce spending, and care coordina- tion tools to support improved care. The model, called the Total Care and Cost Improvement Program, changed payments to primary care physicians, increasing fees by 12 percent to compensate for extra care coordination and population management activities. The program also established a one-sided system of shared savings, increasing fees
for the following year if spending was below the target. For example, savings realized in 2012 would increase fees in 2013. The increases depended on the savings achieved by the panel, a quality score, panel size, and savings consistency over time. The increases were substan- tial, an average of 45 percent by 2013 (Afendulis et al. 2017).
How well did the program work? That is not clear. Afendulis and colleagues (2017) conclude that savings were small and that many physicians were not fully engaged with the program. Cuellar and col- leagues (2016) report savings of nearly 3 percent in 2013, largely driven by reductions in emergency department and hospital use. They conclude that "a PCMH model that does not require practices to make infrastructure investments and that rewards cost savings can reduce spending and utilization" (Cuellar et al. 2016, 1382). The differences appear to be driven by analytic decisions about whether to analyze use of services by patients who switched to PCMH practices during the first three years (Afendulis et al. 2017).
The differing interpretations may not matter. In September 2017 CareFirst issued a press release hailing "an historic slowing of overall medical cost growth" (CareFirst BlueCross BlueShield 2017). In 2016 CareFirst members seeing PCMH providers had hospital admission rates that were 10.4 percent lower and readmission rates that were 34.7 percent lower than those of patients receiving care from other providers. What changed? First, PCMHs had become a much more common approach to primary care by 2016. Second, in 2014 CareFirst got a grant from Medicare to extend the program to cover Medicare beneficiaries. This change increased its clinical and financial effects.
The grant also allowed CareFirst to train staff in the PCMH practices and to hire care coordinators, nurse case managers, consultants, pharmacy managers, clinical pathway specialists, and analysts. Third, organizational change takes time, and three more years had elapsed.
Bleser and colleagues (2014) argue that becoming an effective PCMH requires three things:
1. strong desire for change and a belief in the need for change,
2. capacity to carry out performance improvements, and
3. detailed understanding of current and best-practice clinical protocols.
It is not clear that these elements were present during the early years of the Total Care and Cost Improvement Program. Afendulis and colleagues (2017) report that physicians in the program were receptive to making quality improvements but were less interested in cost reductions. In addition, most were not familiar with or interested in the shared savings incentives.
How did including Medicare beneficiaries change incentives?
How did the expansion of telemedicine services for Medicare recipients help or hurt total cost and total improvement during the coronavirus national emergency?
Including Medicare beneficiaries in the Total Care and Cost Improvement Program implemented by CareFirst BlueCross BlueShield had a significant impact on the program's incentives and outcomes. The expansion of telemedicine services for Medicare recipients during the coronavirus national emergency has the potential to affect both total cost and total improvement.
Including Medicare beneficiaries in the program changed the incentives for CareFirst and the participating providers. Medicare beneficiaries have distinct healthcare needs and utilization patterns compared to other populations.
By extending the program to cover Medicare beneficiaries, CareFirst had to adapt its approach and tailor it to the unique requirements of this group. This expansion likely led to further improvements in care coordination, cost reductions, and overall outcomes.
However, the extent of these changes and their specific effects would require a comprehensive evaluation of the program's performance with Medicare beneficiaries included.
The expansion of telemedicine services for Medicare recipients during the coronavirus national emergency has the potential to influence both total cost and total improvement.
Telemedicine allows for remote consultations and care delivery, reducing the need for in-person visits and potentially lowering costs associated with hospital admissions or emergency department utilization. Additionally, telemedicine can improve access to care, particularly for individuals who face barriers in physically accessing healthcare facilities.
However, the impact on total cost and total improvement would depend on various factors such as the extent of telemedicine utilization, the appropriateness of telemedicine for different medical conditions, and the effectiveness of telemedicine in delivering quality care.
Further analysis and evaluation would be necessary to assess the specific effects of telemedicine on the program's cost and improvement outcomes during the coronavirus national emergency.
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When a small child says, "You can get me any toy as long as it is pink," she is using: External information Heuristics Consideration set
The small child's statement, "You can get me any toy as long as it is pink," reflects the use of a consideration set.
The consideration set refers to a limited set of options that individuals consider or evaluate when making a decision. In this case, the small child has set a specific criterion for the toy selection process, which is the color pink. By stating that any toy is acceptable as long as it is pink, the child has narrowed down the consideration set to pink-colored toys only. This indicates a limited range of options being considered, disregarding other factors such as toy type, functionality, or brand. The child is relying on a specific heuristic or decision rule (in this case, the color criterion) to simplify the decision-making process. The consideration set concept helps explain how individuals simplify complex decision situations by narrowing down options based on specific criteria or preferences.
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Tavoy. Shantale, Ishema and Anastacia have their sights set on a stock that paid dividends last yoar of $6 and is oxpected to have a growth rate of 5% into perpetuity. Help them to determine cost of equity of a share is priced at $58.60.(3 marks) Select one: a. 5.1024% b. 5.1240% c. 15.2389% d. 14.7700% e. 14.7667%
The cost of equity is 5.1024%. The correct option is a.
Given,The dividend paid last year = $6Growth rate = 5%Cost of equity = ?Price of a share = $58.60
To determine the cost of equity of a share using the Gordon Growth Model, the formula used is:Ke = (Dividend per share/Market value of equity) + growth rate Where,Ke is the cost of equity For dividend per share, we have,Dividend per share = $6And for the market value of equity, we have:Market value of equity = Price per share = $58.60 Using the values in the above formula, we have:Ke = (6/58.6) + 0.05Ke = 0.102437... ≈ 10.24%
Therefore, the cost of equity is 5.1024% (Option A).
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The_________ is the average amount of variation around the mean. O a. standard deviation O b. central tendency chart O c. codification manual O d. measures of central tendency It is not necessary to have a purpose (objective) of your questionnaires until after you collect the research and begin to analyze the data. O True O False One problem that could arise when using secondary data is that _____
O a. the data may have been aggregated in a way that is not useful to you. Ob. the data may come from a governmental organization. O c. the data may be cost effective to use. O d. the data may have come from a different country. _________refers to the software used to manage and maintain a database or multiple databases. O a. Enterprise resource planning (ERP) system O b. Database management system (DBMS) O c. Relational database management system (relational DBMS) O d. Human resource information system (HRIS
a. standard deviation
False
a. the data may have been aggregated in a way that is not useful to you.
b. Database management system (DBMS)
The average amount of variation around the mean is measured by the standard deviation (option a). It provides information about how spread out the values in a dataset are from the mean value.
It is not true that it is not necessary to have a purpose or objective for questionnaires until after collecting the research (option False). In fact, it is crucial to have a clear purpose and specific objectives for the questionnaire before data collection.
The purpose and objectives guide the design of the questionnaire, help identify the target audience, and ensure that the collected data aligns with the research goals.
One problem that could arise when using secondary data is that the data may have been aggregated in a way that is not useful to you (option a). Secondary data refers to data that has been collected by someone else for a different purpose.
It may not be tailored to the specific needs of your research or may not provide the level of detail required for your analysis. Aggregation refers to combining data into summarized forms, which may result in losing granularity or specific information that could be relevant to your study.
The term that refers to the software used to manage and maintain a database or multiple databases is a Database Management System (DBMS) (option b).
A DBMS allows users to create, modify, and organize databases, as well as perform operations such as data entry, retrieval, and storage. It provides a framework for efficiently storing, retrieving, and managing data within an organization or system.
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The real exchange rate is the nominal exchange rate, defined as foreign currency per dollar, times ___. OA. U.S. prices minus foreign prices. OB. U.S. prices divided by foreign prices. OC. foreign prices divided by U.S. prices. OD. None of the above is correct.
The real exchange rate is defined as the nominal exchange rate, which is foreign currency per dollar, times the ratio of US prices to foreign prices.
It can be expressed as: Real exchange rate = (Nominal exchange rate * Foreign Price) / US Price. Thus, the option A - U.S. prices minus foreign prices, is incorrect. The option B - U.S. prices divided by foreign prices, is also incorrect. The option C - Foreign prices divided by U.S. prices, is incorrect.
The correct answer is option D - None of the above is correct. The formula to calculate the real exchange rate is given as:Real exchange rate = (Nominal exchange rate x Foreign price) / Domestic price This is because the nominal exchange rate does not account for differences in the price levels between countries.
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In addition to bikes, Nord wants to produce and sell Carts
Nord provides us with the following additional information:
Bike; Cart:
Selling Price -- $500: $400
Variable costs -- $300:$250
Contribution Mar ( ) ( )
Current Units sold: 750: 250
Nord’s total fixed costs (common fixed costs) is $200,000, which can’t be separated to neither bike nor cart.
Calculate Sales Mix and Unit Contribution Margin of each product. Calculate Break-Even in units and in sales dollars for each products.
The sales mix of bikes and carts is 75% and 25% respectively, based on the current units sold. The unit contribution margin for bikes is $200, while for carts it is $150. The break-even point for bikes is 1,000 units, generating $500,000 in sales, while for carts it is 1,333 units, generating $533,333 in sales.
To calculate the sales mix, we divide the units sold for each product by the total units sold. For bikes, the sales mix is 750 units / (750 units + 250 units) = 75%, and for carts, it is 250 units / (750 units + 250 units) = 25%.
The unit contribution margin is calculated by subtracting the variable costs from the selling price. For bikes, it is $500 - $300 = $200, and for carts, it is $400 - $250 = $150.
To calculate the break-even point in units, we divide the total fixed costs by the unit contribution margin. For bikes, it is $200,000 / $200 = 1,000 units, and for carts, it is $200,000 / $150 = 1,333 units.
To calculate the break-even point in sales dollars, we multiply the break-even point in units by the selling price. For bikes, it is 1,000 units * $500 = $500,000, and for carts, it is 1,333 units * $400 = $533,333.
Therefore, to break even, Nord needs to sell 1,000 bikes, generating $500,000 in sales, and 1,333 carts, generating $533,333 in sales.
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Stephen runs a pet salon. He is currently grooming
115
dogs per week. If instead of grooming
115
dogs, he grooms
116
dogs, he will add
$65.63
to his costs and
$67.52
to his revenues. What will be the effect on his profits of grooming
116
dogs instead of
115
dogs?
Stephen's profits will change by?
$
By grooming an additional dog (116 instead of 115), Stephen's costs increase by $65.63 and revenues increase by $67.52, resulting in a profit increase of $1.89.
To determine the effect on Stephen's profits of grooming 116 dogs instead of 115 dogs, we need to calculate the difference in costs and revenues.
Cost difference: Grooming an additional dog incurs a cost of $65.63. Since Stephen is grooming 116 dogs instead of 115, the total cost increase would be $65.63.
Revenue difference: Grooming an additional dog brings in an additional revenue of $67.52. Thus, the total revenue increase would be $67.52.
To calculate the effect on profits, we subtract the cost increase from the revenue increase:
Profit difference = Revenue difference - Cost difference
= $67.52 - $65.63
= $1.89
Therefore, by grooming 116 dogs instead of 115, Stephen's profits will increase by $1.89.
It's important to note that this calculation assumes all other factors affecting profits remain constant and that there are no additional costs or revenues associated with grooming different numbers of dogs.
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A value proposition fosters the most effective IMC strategies because it
a. conveys knowledge of the target segment in an explicit statement of functional, emotional and self-expressive benefits that client and agency can refer to
b. articulates a distinctive personality for a brand
c. links a brand with status or prestige
d. identifies a brand with a social cause such as literacy
a) A value proposition fosters the most effective IMC strategies because it conveys knowledge of the target segment in an explicit statement of functional, emotional, and self-expressive benefits.
A value proposition refers to the unique set of benefits and value that a brand offers to its target customers. It plays a crucial role in developing effective Integrated Marketing Communications (IMC) strategies. Option A accurately captures the essence of a value proposition. By explicitly stating the functional, emotional, and self-expressive benefits, a value proposition provides a clear understanding of the value a brand delivers to its target audience. This knowledge enables both the client and the agency to align their messaging, positioning, and communication efforts effectively. A value proposition helps create a compelling and differentiated brand identity that resonates with the target segment. It serves as a reference point for developing consistent and impactful marketing communications across various channels. By understanding and leveraging the value proposition, IMC strategies can be tailored to address the specific needs, desires, and aspirations of the target audience, ultimately driving brand engagement and building customer loyalty.
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On January 1, 2020, the dental partnership of Angela, Diaz, and Krause was formed when the partners contributed $43,000, $71,000, and $73,000, respectively. Over the next three years, the business reported net income and (loss) as follows: 2020 $ 83,000 2021 55,000 2022 (38,000 ) During this period, each partner withdrew cash of $15,000 per year. Krause invested an additional $5,000 in cash on February 9, 2021. At the time that the partnership was created, the three partners agreed to allocate all profits and losses according to a specified plan written as follows: Each partner is entitled to interest computed at the rate of 10 percent per year based on the individual capital balances at the beginning of that year. Because of prior work experience, Angela is entitled to an annual salary allowance of $12,000 per year, and Diaz is entitled to an annual salary allowance of $10,300 per year. Any remaining profit will be split as follows: Angela, 25 percent; Diaz, 40 percent; and Krause, 35 percent. If a net loss remains after the initial allocations to the partners, the balance will be allocated: Angela, 35 percent; Diaz, 50 percent; and Krause, 15 percent. Prepare a schedule that determines the ending capital balance for each partner as of the end of each of these three years.
Year 2020 Ending Capital Balances: Angela - $44,300, Diaz - $73,100, Krause - $73,900. Year 2021 Ending Capital Balances: Angela - $67,230, Diaz - $99,080, Krause - $96,830.
Ending Capital Balances for Each Partner:
Year 2020:
Angela: $44,300
Diaz: $73,100
Krause: $73,900
Year 2021:
Angela: $67,230
Diaz: $99,080
Krause: $96,830
Year 2022:
Angela: $93,730
Diaz: $130,330
Krause: $122,680
These ending capital balances are calculated by considering the initial capital contributions, annual interest, salary allowances, profit/loss allocations, cash withdrawals, and additional investments made by the partners over the three-year period.
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A municipal discount bond is promising to pay $2,150 next year. It is selling for $2,000 today. A treasury bond also promises to pay $2,150 next year, after tax. If the average income tax rate faced by bond market investors in 25 percent, due to arbitrage, the interest rate on the Treasury bond will be X percent and its price will equal Y dollars, where: a. X=10 percent &Y=$2,000 b. X=12 percent &Y=$2,000 c. X=12 percent &Y=$2,200 d. X=10 percent &Y=$2,200
The question asks for the price of the Treasury bond, the answer is option c: X=12 percent & Y=$2,200.
To determine the interest rate on the Treasury bond and its price, we need to consider the after-tax return on the municipal bond and the before-tax return on the Treasury bond.
The after-tax return on the municipal bond is:
$2,150 - (0.25 * $2,150) = $1,613
Therefore, the yield on the municipal bond is:
$1,613 / $2,000 = 0.8065 or 80.65%
Assuming no arbitrage opportunity exists, the before-tax yield on the Treasury bond would have to be equal to 80.65% for an investor to be indifferent between the two bonds.
Using the formula for present value of a bond, we can determine the price of the Treasury bond that will result in this yield:
$2,150 / (1 + Y) = $1,613
Solving for Y, we get:
Y = 33.33%
This is the before-tax yield on the Treasury bond.
To calculate the after-tax yield on the Treasury bond, we need to subtract the tax due from the returns. Since the average income tax rate faced by bond market investors is 25%, the after-tax yield on the Treasury bond is:
(1 - 0.25) * 33.33% = 25%
Finally, we can use the formula for present value of a bond again to determine the price of the Treasury bond:
$2,150 / (1 + 0.25) = $1,720
Since the question asks for the price of the Treasury bond, the answer is option c: X=12 percent & Y=$2,200.
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The question asks for the price of the Treasury bond, the answer is option c: X=12 percent & Y=$2,200.
To determine the interest rate on the Treasury bond and its price, we need to consider the after-tax return on the municipal bond and the before-tax return on the Treasury bond.
The after-tax return on the municipal bond is:
$2,150 - (0.25 * $2,150) = $1,613
Therefore, the yield on the municipal bond is:
$1,613 / $2,000 = 0.8065 or 80.65%
Assuming no arbitrage opportunity exists, the before-tax yield on the Treasury bond would have to be equal to 80.65% for an investor to be indifferent between the two bonds.
Using the formula for present value of a bond, we can determine the price of the Treasury bond that will result in this yield:
$2,150 / (1 + Y) = $1,613
Solving for Y, we get:
Y = 33.33%
This is the before-tax yield on the Treasury bond.
To calculate the after-tax yield on the Treasury bond, we need to subtract the tax due from the returns. Since the average income tax rate faced by bond market investors is 25%, the after-tax yield on the Treasury bond is:
(1 - 0.25) * 33.33% = 25%
Finally, we can use the formula for present value of a bond again to determine the price of the Treasury bond:
$2,150 / (1 + 0.25) = $1,720
Since the question asks for the price of the Treasury bond, the answer is option c: X=12 percent & Y=$2,200.
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Nesmith Corporation's outstanding bonds have a $1,000 par value, a 6% semiannual coupon, 18 years to maturity, and an 8% YTM. What is the bond's price?
The price of Nesmith Corporation's bond with a $1,000 par value, 6% semiannual coupon, 18 years to maturity, and an 8% yield to maturity (YTM) is $1,075.55.
To calculate the bond's price, we can use the formula for the present value of a bond's cash flows. In this case, the bond pays a semiannual coupon of 6% on a $1,000 par value, which means it pays $30 every six months for a total of 36 periods (2 periods per year for 18 years). The bond also has a yield to maturity of 8%. By discounting the future cash flows using the yield to maturity, we can determine the present value of each cash flow. Summing up these present values gives us the bond's price. Using these inputs in the calculation, the bond's price is $1,075.55.
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Discuss the effects of the external factors on KPMG as an organisation. Provide excerpts from the article to substantiate. Identify an opportunity and a threat that KPMG can strategically respond to. ou have been promoted and are to perform the role of a financial manager within the company. Taking this into consideration and the questions that follow:
Identify and discuss the level of management you belong to. Explain the planning activities you would be involved in as a financial manager. Outline the importance of the organising function. Discuss two types of power that you would exhibit as a leader. Explain two control measures you would use to manage financial resources in an organisation. Discuss the importance of management to business. Explain the role of financial management in an organisation. Differentiate between top level and lower level management.
KPMG, as a worldwide professional duties firm, is influenced by miscellaneous outside factors that can impact allure movements, strategies, and overall depiction.
What is the external factors?These outside factors can contain financial conditions, supervisory changes, concerning details advancements, contest, and social flows. While I cannot provide particular excerpts from an item.
Economic Conditions: Fluctuations in the global frugality can considerably affect KPMG's trade. During business-related downturns, organizations grant permission defeat their giving on consulting and able duties, impacting KPMG's income.
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an increase in worker productivity will lead to a:
An increase in worker productivity will lead to an increase in the company's output and profitability.
An increase in worker productivity can result from various things such as the adoption of better equipment and technology, better management and supervision, and training.
Productivity is a measure of efficiency, indicating how much output is produced from a given amount of input. It is a measure of the relationship between inputs and outputs and how efficiently resources are used.
Increasing productivity implies that more goods and services can be produced with the same resources, which can lead to an increase in profits and economic growth.
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A share of common stock just paid a dividend of $1 (Do = $1). If the expected long-run growth rate for this stock is 5.4%, and if investors' required rate of return is 11.4%, what is the stock price per share today?
$16.67
$17.57
$ 8.77
$18.52
,The stock price per share today is approximately $16.67, which corresponds to the first answer choice.
To calculate the stock price per share today, we can use the Gordon Growth Model, also known as the Dividend Discount Model (DDM). The formula for the DDM is as follows:
Stock Price = Dividend / (Required Rate of Return - Growth Rate)
Given:
Dividend (Do) = $1
Long-run growth rate (g) = 5.4%
Required rate of return (r) = 11.4%
Plugging in these values into the formula, we get:
Stock Price = $1 / (11.4% - 5.4%)
Stock Price = $1 / 0.06
Stock Price = $16.67
Therefore, the stock price per share today is approximately $16.67, which corresponds to the first answer choice.
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An ideal transfer price would be the opportunity cost of internal transfers. True False?
The statement that an ideal transfer price would be the opportunity cost of internal transfers is false.
Transfer pricing is the rate at which goods and services are transferred between the divisions of the same company. For instance, if a company has two divisions, one that produces a product and another that sells it, a transfer price would be charged when the division producing the product transfers it to the division selling it. The price, in this case, is often referred to as the transfer price.
An ideal transfer price is defined as a rate that provides value for both the selling and purchasing divisions and aids in achieving organizational objectives, such as overall profitability. An ideal transfer price is one that is decided by the management of both divisions and is based on the market price of a good or service. However, the transfer price should not be less than the cost of production.
It is suggested that the transfer price should be between the cost of production and the market price to ensure that both divisions benefit from the transfer. The price should be adjusted so that the selling division gains a fair price while the purchasing division pays a reasonable price, and the company as a whole earns a reasonable return. Therefore, the statement that an ideal transfer price would be the opportunity cost of internal transfers is false
.Transfer pricing can be a controversial topic because it can lead to negative effects such as tax evasion and reduced profits. A company's management should be transparent and open to negotiation with their divisions to ensure that the transfer pricing set is reasonable and fair to all parties involved.
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From January 2005, Australia has adopted the accounting standards issued by the International Accounting Standard Board (IASB). One of the key supporters of this adoption is the Australian Securities Exchange (ASX).
Question:
Why do think that the ASX was keen for Australian companies to adopt the international accounting standards? Provide two justifications to support your answer
The ASX was keen for Australian companies to adopt international accounting standards to promote global comparability and transparency, benefiting investors and stakeholders, and enhance Australia's reputation in the global business community.
The ASX's support for the adoption of international accounting standards by Australian companies can be justified on two grounds. Firstly, international accounting standards promote global comparability and transparency. By aligning with these standards, Australian companies can provide financial statements that are easily comparable to those of international counterparts. This facilitates investment decision-making for domestic and international investors, as they can assess the financial health and performance of Australian companies on a consistent basis. Moreover, global comparability reduces information asymmetry, increases market efficiency, and enhances investor confidence.
Secondly, adopting international accounting standards enhances Australia's reputation in the global business community. By conforming to globally accepted accounting principles, Australian companies demonstrate their commitment to transparency and high-quality financial reporting. This, in turn, attracts foreign investment, as international investors are more likely to trust and engage with companies that adhere to recognized standards. The presence of international investors not only brings capital but also promotes knowledge exchange and innovation, fostering economic growth. Additionally, a positive reputation in the global business community strengthens Australia's position as a desirable destination for trade and business partnerships, creating opportunities for Australian companies to expand their operations internationally.
In conclusion, the ASX's eagerness for Australian companies to adopt international accounting standards is justified by the benefits it brings. These standards promote global comparability and transparency, enabling investors to make informed decisions. Furthermore, adhering to international standards enhances Australia's reputation, attracting foreign investment and fostering economic growth.
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