Answer:
FALSE dreaming ain't specified for humans only.
Explanation:
a) An F1 x F1 self-fertilization gives a 9:7 phenotypic ratio in the F2. What phenotypic ratio would you expect if you test-crossed the F1?
b) An F1 x F1 self-fertilization gives a 9:3:4 phenotypic ratio in the F2. What phenotypic ratio would you expect if you test-crossed the F1?
c) An F1 x F1 self-fertilization gives a 15:1 phenotypic ratio in the F2. What phenotypic ratio would you expect if you test-crossed the F1?
According to the gene interaction that is operating in the trait determination, the phenotypic ratios of the progeny produced when test-crossing a dihybrid are: a) 4:12, b) 8:8, and c) 12:4
-------------------------
To answer these questions, the first thing you should notice by looking at the phenotypic ratios provided, is that there are two genes involved in the trait, and there is interaction between them.
Let us assume diallelic genes. A and B are the dominant alleles, while a and b are the recessive alleles.
In the three cases (a, b, and c), F1 individuals are dihybrid. Their genotype is AaBb.
Observing the altered phenotype proportions of the offspring can reveal which interaction is operating in the trait determination.
We can use the phenotypic ratio to determine the interaction, so:
9:3:3:1 ⇒ No interaction9:7 ⇒ Double Recessive epistasis 9:3:4 ⇒ Recessive epistasis15:1 ⇒ Dominant duplicate genes.When talking about epistasis, we are referring to an interruption.
The epistatic gene can alter, influence, or suppress the expression of a hypostatic gene.
When there is only one epistatic gene in h0m0zyg0us recessive state, the interaction is known as recessive epistasis. This gene supresses the expression of the other gene. Phenotypic ratio 9:3:4.In double recessive epistasis, both genes are epistatic when they are in a h0m0zyg0us recessive state. This is, in the h0m0zyg0us recessive state, either of the genes will inhibit the expression of the other gene. And vice-versa. Phenotypic ratio 9:7.In Duplicate gene action, there are two genes involved in the expression of a phenotype, and the presence of at least one dominant allele is enough to produce the dominant phenotype. Phenotypic ratio 15:1.
So now, let us make the test-cross.
Note: You will see that the cross is the same in the three cases, but the phenotypic ratio changes according to the interaction.
Cross) dihybrid individual with h0m0zyg0us recessive one
Parental) AaBb x aabb
Gametes) AB, Ab, aB, ab ab, ab, ab, ab
Punnett square) AB Ab aB ab
ab AaBb Aabb aaBb aabb
ab AaBb Aabb aaBb aabb
ab AaBb Aabb aaBb aabb
ab AaBb Aabb aaBb aabb
F2) Phenotypic ratio
***Double recessive epistasis ⇒ 4:12
4/16 dihybrids12/16 heter0zyg0us for one gene and h0m0zyg0us recessive for the other gene.Both genes in recessive state inhibit the expression of the trait.
***Recessive epistasis ⇒ 8:8
In h0m0zyg0us recessive state, Gene A inhibits the expression of B.
8/16 AaBb or Aabb → The trait coded by B or b is being expressed8/16 aaBb or aabb → The trait coded by B or b is inhibited by aa.***Duplicate gene action ⇒ 12:4
Only one dominant allele, either A or B, is enough to express the trait.
12/16 AbBb, Aabb, or aaBb 4/16 aabb → No dominant allele, no trait expressed.Phenotypic ratios:
a) 4:12 = 1:3
b) 8:8 = 1:1
c) 12:4 = 3:1
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Match the name of the structure to its function.
I’ve posted a pic of the correct answers
There are a group of 13 related species of birds on a group of about 20 isolated oceanic islands. These species are grouped into four oubgroups with subgroup 1 evolving to species), subgroup 2 evolving second (1 species), subgroup 3 evolving third (5 species), and subgroup 4 evolving last (6 species. I subgroup 4 evolved most recently, then which the following statements is the most logical prediction?
a) The genomes of subgroup 4 should be more similar to each other than to the genomes of subgroup 3.
b) The chances of hybridization between two subgroup 4 species should be less than the chances of hybridization between two subgroup 3 species
c) The species of subgroup 4 should share tower anatomical homologies with each other than they share with the species of subgroup 4.
d) Subgroup 4 should be limited to the six islands that most recently emerged from the sea.
Answer:
C
Explanation:
The extensor carpi radialis longus inserts on which of the following bones?
Answer:
c. 2nd metacarpal
Explanation: is correct edg
HELP ME PLEASE VERY URGENT !!!!!!! PLEASE TAKE A QUICK LOOK AT THE PICTURE YOULL GET POINTS !!
Explanation:
because the R called in sperm nuclei
hope it helps
The ________ trimester is the most sensitive time in fetal development, because this is when most organs are formed.
Answer:
Second
Explanation:
This is when the child starts hearing at is more prone to injury
DNA profiling is also called DNA fingerprinting. A common misconception about DNA fingerprinting is that the analysis has to do with actual fingerprints. Explain one similarity and one difference between a human being’s pattern of bands on an electrophoresis gel and a human fingerprint.
Answer:
Explanation: Electrophoresis displays the entire DNA sequence, whereas fingerprinting allows you to quickly identify someone. But they have one thing in common: they are both so distinctive that it is nearly impossible for two persons to have the same fingerprint/DNA sequence.
What is an advantage of being multicellular?
-having lower energy requirements
-producing offspring that mature quickly
-having a high tolerance for extreme conditions
-being more adaptive to the surroundings
4th- being more adaptive to the surroundings
Cómo se puede introducir el ADN de una célula en otra célula diferente?
Answer:
En conjugación, el ADN se transfiere de una bacteria a otra. Después de que la célula donante se acerca al receptor mediante una estructura llamada pilus, el ADN se transfiere entre las células. En la mayoría de los casos, este ADN está en forma de plásmido. Explanation:
I'll give you a brain list if you help me.
Answer: The second one
Explanation: Hope this helps :)
Removal of waste products in the body is called _____.
It's called excretion.
Hormones perform important functions within the reproductive system. During puberty, secondary sex characteristics develop. Which hormone is responsible for the development of these characteristics in the female? estrogen progestin progesterone testosterone.
Answer:
Estrogen
Explanation:
Estrogens are a group of hormones that play an important role in the normal sexual and reproductive development in women.
Estrogen is responsible for the development of these characteristics in the female. Therefore, option (A) is correct.
What is Estrogen?Estrogen, also known as oestrogen, is a class of sex hormone that is responsible for the growth and regulation of the female reproductive system as well as secondary sex characteristics. Estrone, estradiol, and estriol are the three primary endogenous estrogens that are responsible for the majority of the hormone activity associated with estrogen.
The growth, development, and physiological functioning of the human reproductive system are all controlled by estrogen. In addition to affecting the neuroendocrine and skeletal systems, this hormone also affects the adipose and cardiovascular systems. Estrogen is a vital component of the male and female reproductive systems and is primarily manufactured by the ovaries in females and the testes in males.
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HELP PLZ ASAP Which ones are true which ones are false
1 the phylum porifera is characterized by organisms with no real tissue true or false?
2 when an organism is asymmetrical it means that no matter where u slice it in half, the two sides are always mirror image's true or false?
3 when an organism is asymetrical it means that no matter where you slice it in half the two sides are always mirror imiges true or false?
4 The phylum cnidaria is charicterized by organisms that shoot barb cells contains a potint toxin true or false?
Answer:
the phylum poifera is characterized by orgganisms with no real tissue true or false?
when an organism is asymmetrical is means that no matter where u slice it in hald
Explanation:
A cell is grown in a medium with radioactive amino acids for five minutes. The radioactive amino acids are able to be transported into the cell and assimilated into the proteins that are being assembled. After the cells are removed from the radioactive culture, the level of radioactivity is monitored at different time points. It is found that the area of the cell with the highest radioactivity after five minutes is the ribosomes on the rough endoplasmic reticulum. As time progresses, which statement best explains where the level of radioactivity will be highest in the next five minutes?
A) The radioactivity will be highest in the mitochondria, as the proteins made by the cell will need to be modified using ATP.
Eliminate
B) The radioactivity will be highest in the nucleus as the proteins made at the ribosome will be shipped to the nucleus to replicate the DNA.
C) The radioactivity will be the highest outside of the cell because the endoplasmic reticulum transports proteins directly to and through the cell membrane.
D) The radioactivity will be highest in the Golgi apparatus, as proteins made on the rough endoplasmic reticulum are transported to the packaging center prior to leaving the cell.
Answer:
It’s D ,I got it right on USAtestprep
Explanation:
The correct option for this answer is D, which signifies that the radioactivity will be highest in the Golgi apparatus, as proteins made on the rough endoplasmic reticulum are transported to the packaging center prior to leaving the cell.
What do you mean by Radioactivity?Radioactivity may be defined as a spontaneous process that involves the emission of radiation in the form of particles or high-energy photons resulting from a nuclear reaction.
The path of protein transport determines the level of radioactivity in this experiment.
First, the radioactivity is found highest in the ribosomes of ER, then the proteins are transported to the region of the Golgi apparatus by an anograde pathway and reflect in radioactivity.
Therefore, it is well described above.
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Which is the smallest functional unit of the nervous system?
A.
A nerve
B.
A neuron
C.
A receptor
Answer:
neuron
Explanation:
The smallest functional unit of the nervous system is the neuron. Neurons are specialized cells that send out neurotransmitters to other neurons.
Answer:
Neurons
Explanation:
The formation of proteins is dependent on?
How many chromosomes an individual has
The sequence of DNA in genes
Whether or not a mutation has occurred
How many genes are in a chromosome
Answer:
How many chromosomes an individual has
Which of the following statements best compares reproduction in viruses with reproduction in single-celled protists? no links please
Viruses require the cellular machinery of host cells to reproduce; single-celled protists reproduce on their own. Therefore, the correct option is (C).
Viruses require the cellular machinery of host cells to reproduce; single-celled protists reproduce on their own. The main difference between reproduction in viruses and single-celled protists lies in their reproductive processes. Viruses are obligate intracellular parasites that lack the cellular machinery required for replication. They rely on infecting host cells and hijacking their machinery to reproduce and create new viral particles. In contrast, single-celled protists are independent organisms capable of self-replication through various mechanisms such as binary fission, budding, or spore formation. They do not need a host cell for their reproductive processes. This fundamental distinction highlights the unique strategies employed by viruses and protists in propagating their species.Therefore, the correct option is (C).
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Question:
Which of the following statements best compares reproduction in viruses with reproduction in single-celled protists?
A. Viruses reproduce by releasing spores; single-celled protists reproduce by dividing in half.
B. Viruses require large colonies to reproduce; single- celled protists reproduce as individual cells.
C. Viruses require the cellular machinery of host cells to reproduce; single-celled protists reproduce on their own.
D. Viruses form haploid gametes when they reproduce; single-celled protists form diploid gametes when they reproduce
Write about an invention that you think the world would be better off without. Why do you believe it is such a terrible invention? What harm has it caused mankind?
Gun
Explanation:
it has caused many to die, yes the government brought that to help with security but it has gotten into Tue hands of those that have no value for human life. Take the case of the Boko harm in surgery in Nigeria, all of them are armed with Ak47's and they use it to kill innocent Nigerians not only that there are series of cases of accidental shootings AND that's how a life is lost. You can't really argue with me considering the fat that life is priceless. thank me later
Lactic acid fermentation and alcoholic fermentation both create what?
For your club’s fundraiser, you decided to hold a bake sale. In order to make bakery items, you had to purchase 12 pounds of sugar and 15 pounds of flour. Your total cost was $9.30. On a second trip to the grocery store, you purchased 4 pounds of sugar and 10 pounds of flour for a total cost of $4.60. Which of the following represent the system of equations for this problem?
Group of answer choices
A. 12s+15f=9.30
10s+4f=4.60
B. 12s+15f=9.30
4s+10f=4.60
C. 12s+15f=4.60
4s+10f=9.30
D. 12s+4s=9.30
15f+10f=4.60
Answer:
A
Explanation:
Mushrooms grow seeds under their cap-like crowns.
True
False
True- not all mushrooms do this, but seeing one like this is a beautiful sight
Which statement about biodiversity in coral reefs is accurate?(1 point) *EARTH SYSTEMS*
A) More new species have evolved in coral reef habitats than in most other types of habitats.
B) Species that evolved in coral reef habitats always stay in those habitats.
C) Coral reefs have much biodiversity, but most species that live there migrated from other habitats.
D) Most organisms that live in coral reef habitats are zooxanthellae.
The statement 'more new species have evolved in coral reef habitats than in most other types of habitats.' is accurate. A coral reef is a hotspot of biodiversity.
A coral reef is a marine ecosystem composed of organisms (i.e., corals) that form a wall together (i.e., reef-building corals).
These reefs consist of many colonies of coral polyps, which held together by a calcareous material (i.e., calcium carbonate)
A coral reef is a hotspot of biodiversity because there are many different species that live and evolved in this type of habitat.
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Answer:
'more new species have evolved in coral reef habitats than in most other types of habitats.'
Explanation:
trust
According to urban anomie theory the impersonal nature of city life extends to situations that do not call for social involvement. Please select the best answer from the choices provided T F.
Answer:False
Explanation: right on Edge
The statement "According to urban anomie theory, the impersonal nature of city life extends to situations that do not call for social involvement" is true, as urban anomie theory suggests that the impersonal nature of city life leads to the breakdown of social bonds.
What is urban anomie theory?According to this theory, the fast pace of urban life, the diversity of populations, and the emphasis on individual achievement can lead to a weakening of social ties and a breakdown of social norms and values. As a result, individuals may feel disconnected from others and from society as a whole, leading to a sense of alienation and a lack of meaning in their lives. This sense of normlessness and detachment can extend beyond situations that require social involvement, such as interactions with neighbors or participation in community events, to other aspects of daily life.
Hence, the statement "According to urban anomie theory, the impersonal nature of city life extends to situations that do not call for social involvement" is true.
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for each molecule of glucose consumed how many times does the krebs cycle occur
Answer:
Glycolysis, Pyruvate Oxidation and the Krebs Cycle
For each glucose molecule respired, the cycle reactions occur twice as two pyruvic acid molecules are formed
Explanation:
Answer:
twice im pretty sure
Explanation:
What can plant reproduction tell us about the evolution of plants?
Explanation:
Reproduction is important in plants to produce their progeny and to maintain its population. Plant reproduction helps to maintain its birth rate and sustain the ecosystem. Reproduction helps to acquire new variations and adapt to the environment with the most desirable characters.
What organism are tertiary (3rd level) consumers
Answer:
Third-level consumers are any organisms big enough to obtain energy by feeding off lower-level consumers. These are also called tertiary consumers. For example, in a forest ecosystem, snakes eat toads. Heron and large fish, such as bass and walleye, consume smaller fish, frogs and crayfish.
Explanation:
Answer:
The larger fishes like tuna, barracuda, jellyfish, dolphins, seals, sea lions, turtles, sharks, and whales are tertiary consumers Explanation: They feed on the primary producers like phytoplankton and zooplankton, as well as secondary consumers like fish, jellyfish, as well as crustaceans.
which statement about human blood vessels is correct?
is deletion a point mutation
How is cellular respiration dependant on an animal's respiration rate?
Explanation:
Every cell in an animal requires oxygen to perform cellular respiration. Cellular respiration is the process by which animals take in oxygen and exchange it for carbon dioxide and water as waste products.
Answer:
Every cell in an animal requires oxygen to perform cellular respiration. Cellular respiration is the process by which animals take in oxygen and exchange it for carbon dioxide and water as waste products.
Which two fit?
Respiration
Photosynthesis
Fossil Fuel Formation
Combustion
Decomposition
Answer:
Explanation:
There are a few types of atoms that can be a part of a plant one day, an animal the next day, and then travel downstream as a part of a river’s water the following day. These atoms can be a part of both living things like plants and animals, as well as non-living things like water, air, and even rocks. The same atoms are recycled over and over in different parts of the Earth. This type of cycle of atoms between living and non-living things is known as a biogeochemical cycle.
All of the atoms that are building blocks of living things are a part of biogeochemical cycles. The most common of these are the carbon and nitrogen cycles.
Tiny atoms of carbon and nitrogen are able to move around the planet through these cycles. For example, an atom of carbon is absorbed from the air into the ocean water where it is used by little floating plankton doing photosynthesis to get the nutrition they need. There is the possibility that this little carbon atom becomes part of the plankton’s skeleton, or a part of the skeleton of the larger animal that eats it, and then part of a sedimentary rock when the living things die and only bones are left behind. Carbon that is a part of rocks and fossil fuels like oil, coal, and natural gas may be held away from the rest of the carbon cycle for a long time. These long-term storage places are called “sinks”. When fossil fuels are burned, carbon that had been underground is sent into the air as carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas.
Recently, people have been causing these biogeochemical cycles to change. When we cut down forests, make more factories, and drive more cars that burn fossil fuels, the way that carbon and nitrogen move around the Earth changes. These changes add more greenhouse gases in our atmosphere and this causes climate change.
Carbon cycleThe Carbon Cycle
The element carbon is a part of seawater, the atmosphere, rocks such as limestone and coal, soils, as well as all living things. On our dynamic planet, carbon is able to move from one of these realms to another as a part of the carbon cycle.
Carbon moves from the atmosphere to plants. In the atmosphere, carbon is attached to oxygen in a gas called carbon dioxide (CO2). Through the process of photosynthesis, carbon dioxide is pulled from the air to produce food made from carbon for plant growth.
Carbon moves from plants to animals. Through food chains, the carbon that is in plants moves to the animals that eat them. Animals that eat other animals get the carbon from their food too.
Carbon moves from plants and animals to soils. When plants and animals die, their bodies, wood and leaves decays bringing the carbon into the ground. Some is buried and will become fossil fuels in millions and millions of years.
Carbon moves from living things to the atmosphere. Each time you exhale, you are releasing carbon dioxide gas (CO2) into the atmosphere. Animals and plants need to get rid of carbon dioxide gas through a process called respiration.
Carbon moves from fossil fuels to the atmosphere when fuels are burned. When humans burn fossil fuels to power factories, power plants, cars and trucks, most of the carbon quickly enters the atmosphere as carbon dioxide gas. Each year, five and a half billion tons of carbon is released by burning fossil fuels. Of this massive amount, 3.3 billion tons stays in the atmosphere. Most of the remainder becomes dissolved in seawater.
Carbon moves from the atmosphere to the oceans. The oceans, and other bodies of water, absorb some carbon from the atmosphere. The carbon is dissolved into the water.
Carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas and traps heat in the atmosphere. Without it and other greenhouse gases, Earth would be a frozen world. But since the start of the Industrial Revolution about 150 years ago humans have burned so much fuel and released so much carbon dioxide into the air that global climate has risen over one degree Fahrenheit. The atmosphere has not held this much carbon for at least 420,000 years according to data from ice cores. The recent increase in amounts of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide is having a significant impact on the warming of our planet.
