A single 28 year old professional has income of $350,000 per year and a net worth that exceeds $1,000,000. Her investment objective is capital appreciation. Which of the following would be the least attractive investment choice for this investor?

It is more challenging to evaluate common stock than it is to value bonds since it is harder to see the rate of return demanded by the market. Option 1 is Correct.

For various reasons, including the absence of set cash flows, uncertainty, lack of a maturity date, market volatility, and market expectations, valuing common stock is seen to be more challenging than valuing bonds.

These elements make figuring out the fair value of a common stock—which is the present value of future cash flows from common stock—more challenging. Contrarily, bond valuations are frequently based on a known coupon rate and maturity date, making it simpler to calculate the present value of future bond cash flows. Option 1 is Correct.

Learn more about value bonds Visit: brainly.com/question/25965295

#SPJ4

Correct Question:

Which of the following are reasons why it is more difficult to value common stock than it is to value bonds? multiple select question.

1. the rate of return required by the market is not easily observed.

2. the life of a common stock is essentially forever.

3. all bond and stock cash flows are guaranteed to be paid.

4. common stock cash flows are not known in advance.

All of the following are ways that demand management can positively affect economic value added (EVA) except more expedited shipments.

Economic value added is an accounting approach that quantifies a firm's financial performance based on its invested capital. This method is used to determine whether a firm is creating value or not. EVA is a superior metric to traditional profitability measures since it considers the cost of capital, and the goal is to create economic profits instead of accounting profits.A variety of demand management strategies can help firms improve their EVA, but not all of them are effective. More expedited shipments will not have a significant effect on EVA since faster shipping does not affect the quality of the products.

As a result, it has no impact on demand or price, and it is unlikely to result in increased profits.In contrast, improving market share due to fresher products and fewer transshipments and lower redistribution costs are two strategies that can positively impact EVA. By offering fresh goods, companies can attract more customers and raise their prices. Furthermore, fewer transshipments and lower redistribution expenses will help businesses reduce their operating costs, resulting in higher profitability. Therefore, economic value added (EVA) is not affected by expedited shipments.

For more questions on EVA

https://brainly.com/question/29735923

#SPJ11

Customer service is recommended for promotion when a high degree of service or support, known as ancillary services, is required after the sale of the product.

Providing good customer service is an important part of ensuring customer satisfaction and helps to promote a positive image of the business.

By taking extra steps to ensure a positive customer experience after the sale, businesses can encourage future sales. The word "solution" is recommended for promotion when a high degree of service or support, known as ancillary services, is required after the sale of the product. The solution is an ideal word to use in situations where customers expect more than just the sale of a product. Customers desire personalized assistance with every aspect of their purchase, including maintenance, support, and warranties

Ancillary services refer to all of the services offered to customers following the sale of the product or service. This is especially true in situations where goods or services require ongoing support, technical assistance, or maintenance. Customers expect ancillary services to provide assistance with problem resolution, help with installation, and training when necessary.

Here are some examples of ancillary services: Warranties Technical support after sales Repairs and maintenance Assistance with the installation of new products Personalized training programs for staff Software updates and technical assistance for software products, etc.

For more such questions on sale

https://brainly.com/question/24951536

#SPJ11

The value of GDP is $14,120.4. using the expenditure approach: Personal consumption expenditures (C) $8707.8 Gross private domestic investment (I) 2077.2 Exports(X) 1309.4 Imports (M) 2023.9 Net exports of goods and services Government consumption expenditures and gross investment (G) 2363.4 Gross Domestic Product (GDP)

The missing cells to calculate GDP using the expenditure approach are as follows:

Personal consumption expenditures (C) $8707.8

Gross private domestic investment (I) 2077.2

Exports (X) 1309.4

Imports (M) 2023.9

Net exports of goods and services (NX) -714.5

Government consumption expenditures and gross investment (G) 2363.4

Gross Domestic Product (GDP) $14,120.4

To calculate GDP using the expenditure approach, we need to use the formula:

GDP = C + I + G + (X - M)

The values given in the question are as follows:

Personal consumption expenditures (C) = $8707.8

Gross private domestic investment (I) = $2077.2

Exports (X) = $1309.4

Imports (M) = $2023.9

Net exports of goods and services

(NX) = X - M

= $1309.4 - $2023.9

= -$714.5

Government consumption expenditures and gross investment (G) = $2363.4

Now, let's substitute these values in the formula to calculate GDP:

GDP = C + I + G + (X - M)GDP

= $8707.8 + $2077.2 + $2363.4 + (-$714.5)GDP

= $14,120.4

Therefore, the value of GDP is $14,120.4.

For more such questions on GDP , Visit:

https://brainly.com/question/1383956

#SPJ11

Major obstacles to successful global trade are thought to include economic, financial, and legal factors since they can limit entry, raise transaction costs.

Both the long-term trends and the short-term volatility primarily caused by four variables. Government, foreign business, speculative expectations, and supply and demand are some of these influences.

Trade restrictions can impede free trade, aid developed countries, limit the variety of items that can be purchased, increase expenses, lower net income, diminish employment, and harm economic output. The government has significant control over the law, hence this leads to it most often being used as a trade barrier.

To know more about global trade visit:-

https://brainly.com/question/30833166

#SPJ1

Question:-

Which of the following are considered major hurdles to successful global trade?

O sociocultural forces

O economic and financial forces

O legal and regulatory forces

O physical and environmental forces

Answer:

legal and regulatory forces

economic, and financial forces

Explanation:

Howie would receive $270,000 if he took all the money today, but the state and federal governments would deduct taxes at a rate of 46% right away.

The prize winner's bank account would contain Rs. 15.75 crores after deducting the 10% agent commission and the 30% tax. If they have more than 5 crores in their bank account, the prize winner must also forfeit 37% of the fee.

This decision will be made based on Howie's need for quick money and the rate of inflation. If there is no inflation—the topic made no mention of it—and if Howie favors the course of action that yields the most financial gain, just determine how to reduce the tax in each situation before comparing them.

Scenario 1: When tickets are delivered, the full amount is deducted by 46%.

46% = 46 \ 100 = 0.46

Let's multiply the sum by 0.46 to determine the amount to be subtracted.

500,000 * 0.46 = $ 230,000

Hence, Howie would benefit $ 500,000- $ 230000 = $ 270,000

Scenario 2: 25% off each of 25 installments totaling $36,000

The final sum will be 25x $ 36,000 = $ 900,000

To find the tax amount, it is now sufficient to subtract 25% from the total.

25% = 25 \ 100 = 0.25

$ 900,000 * 0.25 = $ 225,000

Finally, simply divide the tax amount by the sum received:

$ 900,000- $ 225,000 = $ 675,000

Howie would therefore benefit more if he chose the installment payment.

Learn more about rate of inflation: https://brainly.com/question/19263433

#SPJ1

A surplus of quantity demanded leads to a shortfall.

A shortage occurs when there is an imbalance between supply and demand for a good or service. The economy is considered to be in a condition of disequilibrium when this happens. This circumstance often only lasts a short while before the product is supplied and the market returns to normal. In terms of economics, a shortfall or excess demand occurs when the demand for a good or service in a market outweighs the supply. It is the antithesis of an abundance of something.

To know more about shortage visit:

https://brainly.com/question/28457260

#SPJ1

It is True that the birth of information technology such as texting and email is giving firms and employees increased flexibility to choose while staying competitive.

The birth of information technology has given firms and employees increased flexibility to choose while staying competitive. Information technology is the use of computers, software, and other electronic devices to manage information. Information technology has allowed firms to streamline their operations, reduce costs, and increase productivity.

With the advent of email and texting, communication between employees has become more efficient and convenient than ever before. This has allowed firms to stay competitive in a fast-paced business environment. Additionally, information technology has allowed employees to work remotely, which has given them greater flexibility in choosing where and when to work.

For example, employees can now work from home, which can help reduce the costs associated with commuting and childcare. Furthermore, information technology has allowed firms to stay competitive by allowing them to quickly respond to changes in the market. For example, firms can use data analytics to analyze customer behavior and adjust their marketing strategies accordingly.

Finally, information technology has also allowed firms to create new products and services that would have been impossible before. For example, the development of smartphones has created a new market for mobile applications. Overall, the birth of information technology has had a profound impact on firms and employees, giving them increased flexibility to choose while staying competitive.

For similar question on "Information Technology" :

https://brainly.com/question/4903788

#SPJ11

A. Statements 1 and 2 are true, the others are false statements about the types of unemployment.

The correct statement is that 1. An unemployed graduate searching for a first job is an example of frictional unemployment. This type of unemployment arises from normal labor turnover and 2. An unemployed textile worker in South Carolina who loses her job because of competition from China is an example of structural unemployment. This type of unemployment arises when changes in technology or international competition change the skills needed to perform.

Frictional unemployment refers to the temporary unemployment of a person who is moving from one occupation to another. It occurs as a result of the time required to match employee qualifications and job requirements. For instance, an unemployed college graduate who is looking for a first job would be a good example of frictional unemployment. This kind of unemployment is common and normally short-term.

The other kinds of unemployment include cyclical unemployment, structural unemployment, and seasonal unemployment. The statement "An unemployed textile worker in South Carolina who loses her job because of competition from China is an example of structural unemployment. This type of unemployment arises when changes in technology or international competition change the skills needed to perform" refers to structural unemployment. This type of unemployment is caused by changes in the economy's structure.

Thus, Statement 2 is correct. In a recession, when production and demand decrease, it can result in increased unemployment. This type of unemployment is referred to as cyclical unemployment. Thus, Statement 3 is incorrect. The statement "An autoworker who loses his job because of a slowdown in the economy is an example of structural unemployment. This type of unemployment arises in recessions" is incorrect.

When recessions occur, the unemployment rate often rises, resulting in a significant number of layoffs. This kind of unemployment is referred to as cyclical unemployment. Thus, Statement 4 is incorrect. Therefore, the Correct option is A. Statements 1 and 2 are true, the others are false.

Know more about Unemployment here:

https://brainly.com/question/305041

#SPJ11

An explanation for 1st: To calculate the price of the bond, we need to use the present value of the interest and principal payments discounted at the market rate of 12%. Using the PV of $1 table, we can calculate the present value factors for the interest and principal payments. Multiplying these factors by the corresponding cash flows and summing them up gives us the price of the bonds, which is $1,130,863.

An explanation for 2nd: To calculate the price of the bond, we need to use the present value of the interest and principal payments discounted at the market rate of 16%, which is the semiannual equivalent of the annual rate of 14%. Using the PV of $1 table, we can calculate the present value factors for the interest and principal payments. Multiplying these factors by the corresponding cash flows and summing them up gives us the price of the bonds, which is $816,059.

An explanation for 3rd: To calculate the price of the bond, we need to use the present value of the interest and principal payments discounted at the market rate of 14%, which is the semiannual equivalent of the annual rate of 16%. Using the PV of $1 table, we can calculate the present value factors for the interest and principal payments. Multiplying these factors with the corresponding cash flows and summing them up gives us the price of the bonds, which is $1,120,893.

An explanation for 4th: To calculate the price of the bond, we need to use the present value of the interest and principal payments discounted at the market rate of 16%, which is the semiannual equivalent of the annual rate of 14%. Using the PV of $1 table, we can calculate the present value factors for the interest and principal payments. Multiplying these factors by the corresponding cash flows and summing them up gives us the price of the bonds, which is $685,601.

An explanation for 5th: When the stated rate is equal to the market rate, the price of the bond is equal to its face value, which is $1,000,000 in this case. The present value factors for the interest and principal payments are both equal to 1, so we don't need to use the PV tables to calculate the price of the bonds.

Learn more about Interest Rates:

https://brainly.com/question/25720319
#SPJ4

Complete Question:

Complete the following to calculate the price of a $1.5 million bond issue under each of the following independent assumptions (FV of $1, PV of $1, FVA of $1, PVA of $1, FVAD of $1 and PVAD of $1) (Use appropriate factor(s) from the tables provided.Enter your answers in whole dollars.):

1. Maturity 15 years, interest paid annually, stated rate 10%, market rate 12%

Table values are based on:

n= i= Cash Flow Amount Present Value

Interest Principal Price of bonds

2. Maturity 6 years, interest paid semiannually, stated rate 14%, market rate 16%

Table values are based on:

n= i= Cash Flow Amount Present Value

Interest Principal Price of Bonds

3. Maturity 5 years, interest paid semiannually, stated rate 16%, market rate 14%

Table values are based on:

n= i= Cash Flow Amount Present Value

Interest Principal Price of bonds

4. Maturity 20 years, interest paid semiannually, stated rate 14%, market rate 16%

Table values are based on:

n= i= Cash Flow Amount Present Value

Interest Principal Price of Bonds

5. Maturity 20 years, interest paid semiannually, stated rate 14%, market rate 14%

Table values are based on:

n= i= Cash Flow Amount Present Value

Interest Principal Price of bonds

In the following question, among the given options, the statement is said to be True. Some governments initiate restrictive standards that detail exactly how a product must be sold in a country. Trade experts call these restrictions.

A restrictive standard is a regulation that restricts the use of, performance, or features of a product or service that deviates from a certain specification or standard, and that is intended to provide a specific degree of protection. Regulatory agencies, such as the International Standards Organization, frequently establish restrictive standards.

To limit the importation of foreign goods, some governments have implemented restrictive standards. A country's environmental laws,

for example, may mandate specific labeling for certain products or restrict the importation of products that do not meet specific environmental standards. Restrictive standards can also be used to promote local industries or to protect consumers by ensuring that products imported into the country meet specific safety or quality requirements.

For more such questions on restrictive standards

brainly.com/question/30589321

#SPJ11

The three main constructive steps that can be taken to address workplace cyber incivility are relaxation, defusing, and reinterpretation.

Workplace cyber incivility can negatively affect employees and organizations. To address cyber incivility in the workplace, there are constructive steps that can be taken. These steps include relaxation, defusing, and reinterpretation.

Relaxation: This constructive step involves taking a break, relaxing, and clearing the mind. This approach is aimed at reducing stress and tension that may be associated with cyber incivility. Relaxation can be achieved through various methods, including deep breathing exercises, physical exercises, listening to music, or engaging in hobbies.

Defusing: This approach involves decreasing the intensity of the situation by separating the problem from emotions. This constructive step involves acknowledging that the problem exists, but it does not define you. It aims at reducing tension and conflicts in the workplace. One way to achieve defusing is by using humor or simply ignoring the comments that are aimed at upsetting you.

Reinterpretation: This approach involves changing the meaning of the incivility message to reduce its negative impact. This approach involves perceiving the message in a more positive light or from a different perspective. Reinterpretation helps reduce negative emotions and reduces the impact of cyber incivility.Conclusively, these three constructive steps can help employees and organizations deal with workplace cyber incivility. Relaxation helps to reduce stress and tension, defusing aims to separate the problem from emotions while reinterpretation helps to change the meaning of the message to reduce its negative impact.

By using these three constructive steps, individuals can create a positive work environment and reduce the negative effects of cyber incivility.

For similar question on "Cyber Incivility" :

https://brainly.com/question/31135303

#SPJ11

We can see here the disease scenarios, and their correct mode of transmission:

A disease is a particular abnormal condition that affects the body or mind of an organism, often characterized by specific symptoms and signs. It can be caused by various factors such as infections, genetic mutations, lifestyle choices, environmental factors, or a combination of these factors.

Diseases can range from minor ailments such as a common cold to more serious and life-threatening conditions such as cancer or heart disease.

Learn more about disease on https://brainly.com/question/1268202

#SPJ1

The population growth rate within each curve steepens over time, as the growth rate depends on both the per capita growth rate and the current population size.

In exponential growth, the rate of population growth per capita (per capita) remains the same regardless of population size, and population grows more rapidly as size increases.

In nature, populations can grow exponentially for some time, but are ultimately limited by resource availability.

In logistic growth, the per capita growth rate of the population becomes smaller and smaller as the population size approaches the maximum imposed by the limited resources in the environment, known as carrying capacity.

Exponential growth produces a J-shaped curve, while logistic growth produces an S-shaped curve.

Bacteria grown in the laboratory are an excellent example of exponential growth. In exponential growth, the rate of population growth increases over time in proportion to the size of the population.  

To learn more about population growth, here:

https://brainly.com/question/18415071

#SPJ4

Complete question:

In the figure, curves A-D depict per capita rate increases (r). Which of the following best explains the difference between the shapes of these curves?

The least significant factor in determining whether an item of personal property has legally become a fixture is D) the cost of the item.

D) The cost of the item does not determine whether an item of personal property has legally become a fixture, though it can be a factor taken into account when determining intent. The more important factors in determining whether an item of personal property has legally become a fixture are the intent of the party who installed the item to the real property, the adaptability of the item to the real estate, and whether there is attachment.

The intent of the party who installed the item to the real property is often the most important factor in determining whether an item has become a fixture. The court looks to see if the item was installed with the intent of it becoming part of the real property, as opposed to it simply being temporarily on the property.

The adaptability of the item to the real estate is also an important factor. If an item can be used in such a way as to benefit the real property or the owner of the property, it is likely to be considered a fixture.

Finally, the attachment of the item is a factor in determining whether an item has become a fixture. The attachment can be physical or symbolic, such as in the case of an item that has been attached to the property with nails or screws, or an item that has been integrated with the existing structure, such as built-in shelving.

In conclusion, the least significant factor in determining whether an item of personal property has legally become a fixture is the cost of the item. The more important factors in determining whether an item of personal property has legally become a fixture are the intent of the party who installed the item to the real property, the adaptability of the item to the real estate, and whether there is attachment.

For more questions on "Personal Property" :

https://brainly.com/question/15575578

#SPJ11

Answer:punitive

Explanation:

When the price of a good falls, consumers may increase the quantity consumed because they have greater total purchasing power. This statement describes the income effect. Option b is the correct choice.

The income effect is defined as the change in an individual's or economy's quantity demanded of a good or service due to a change in their purchasing power caused by a change in real income. When the price of a good decreases, the consumer's purchasing power increases, resulting in an increase in their real income.

As a result, they can purchase more goods or services than before. This effect is known as the income effect because the price decrease increases the consumer's real income and leads to a change in the amount of goods and services they can purchase.

The income effect can have a positive or negative impact on the quantity of a good demanded, depending on the type of good. Normal goods, for example, are items for which demand rises as income rises, whereas inferior goods are items for which demand decreases as income rises. When the price of a normal good falls, the income effect of the lower price would cause the consumer's purchasing power to rise, allowing them to buy more of the good.

As a result, the quantity of the good demanded increases. Conversely, for inferior goods, when the price falls, the income effect of the lower price would result in the consumer's purchasing power increasing, allowing them to purchase more of the good; however, since it is an inferior good, the consumer would instead opt for a superior substitute, reducing the quantity of the inferior good demanded.

Therefore, the income effect has a significant impact on a consumer's buying decision.

So, option b is right choice.

For more question on "Income Effect" :

https://brainly.com/question/15300267

#SPJ11

As part of strategic choice, there are three key levels of strategy to consider and this excludes: Who the competitors are.

Being strategic in business requires thinking ahead in order to know the right tools and policies to implement in the bid to sell more of one's products.

To be effective at strategizing, there is a need to think about the right place to compete, the tools and measures to take while strategizing, and the investment vehicle to use. Who the competitors are does not really matter in the choice of strategy.

Complete Question;

As part of strategic choice, there are three key levels of strategy to consider. This excludes the following: 0 Where to compete. 0 HOW to compete. 0 Who the competitors are. 0 Which investment vehicle to use.

Learn more about strategizing here:

https://brainly.com/question/28561700

#SPJ1

In the following question, in the missing blank, Purchase "discounts" and allowances are accounted for with a credit to Inventory and a debit to Cash or Accounts Payable.

A purchase discount is a reduction in the price of an item or service that a customer is allowed to receive if payment is made within a certain period of time. For example, if a customer receives a 2% discount on the purchase price if payment is made within ten days, this is known as a "2/10 net 30" term, which means that payment is due within thirty days, but a 2% discount will be given if payment is made within ten days. This will enable the customer to save money on the purchase.

in the missing blank, Purchase "discounts" and allowances are accounted for with a credit to Inventory and a debit to Cash or Accounts Payable.

For more such questions on Inventory

brainly.com/question/25947903

#SPJ11


A U.S. company that has sold its product to a German firm would be exposed to a net exchange gain on the unpaid receivable if the dollar weakened relative to the Euro and the Euro was the denominated currency. So option B is the answer.

The amount owed to a company for goods or services that have been sold but not yet paid for is known as receivable. For example, a business that supplies goods to a customer on credit has a receivable. The term "denominated currency" refers to the currency in which an asset, liability, or transaction is stated. The term is used to refer to bonds, loans, and other fixed-income investments, as well as foreign exchange transactions, which are typically denominated in the currency of the country where the company or government that issued the bond or loan is headquartered.

In this scenario, if the Euro was the denominated currency, and the dollar weakened relative to the Euro, a US company that sold its product to a German firm would be exposed to a net exchange gain on the unpaid receivable. So option B is the answer.

For more such question on receivables

https://brainly.com/question/6768633

#SPJ11

Qualified refers to highly cultivated customers who are likely to follow through on an intended purchase, buy the product repeatedly, and recommend it to others.

Customer cultivation is the process of engaging with customers at various stages of their relationship with your company to promote customer loyalty, retention, and brand advocacy. The goal of customer cultivation is to build long-term customer relationships by engaging with them beyond the initial sale.

Qualified customers are people who have expressed an interest in your product or service, have demonstrated a willingness to learn more about it, and have provided their contact information as a result. These are individuals who are most likely to follow through on an intended purchase, purchase the product repeatedly, and refer it to others.

Customer loyalty is the likelihood of a customer purchasing goods or services from the same brand again and again. It is the outcome of a positive customer experience, and it contributes significantly to the financial success of a business.

For such more question on purchase:

https://brainly.com/question/5295378

#SPJ11

The procedure that would most likely give the greatest assurance that securities held as investments are safeguarded is D. Access to securities requires the presence of two designated officials.

The company's responsibility is to protect and secure its investment and securities. Therefore, safeguarding the investment is a priority of the company. Securities held as investments require the use of control procedures to protect them. Such measures should not only protect investments from theft or loss but should also ensure that they are not subject to illegal transactions. Access to securities requires the presence of two designated officials. This procedure will ensure that no unauthorized person has access to the securities held as investments.

The procedure of having two designated officials should cover the holding area and the securities in the investment record. Thus, it will give the greatest assurance that securities held as investments are safeguarded. Access to securities held as investments should be protected by employing certain control procedures. These procedures include the requirement of two designated officials.

This ensures that no unauthorized person can access the securities held as investments. It also protects the securities from theft, fraud, or any other illegal transactions. Access to securities requires the presence of two designated officials, which is the procedure that would most likely give the greatest assurance that securities held as investments are safeguarded. Therefore the correct  option  is D.

Know more about illegal transactions  here:

https://brainly.com/question/25041502

#SPJ11  

Buy ABC 45 Stop 50 Limit this is the appropriate order to be placed. If the market increases to $45 per share, this consumer wants to purchase the shares.

A buy-stop order is the only type of order that permits buying stock over the going rate. Because a purchase limit order is placed below the current market, it cannot be utilised. The order must therefore read: Purchase 100 ABC $45 Stop. There is a problem, though. The order is elected and turns into a market order to buy if the price of the stock rises to $45 or more. This customer doesn't want to spend more than $50 per share, however, the execution might take place at any price.

Hence, the order must read: Purchase 100 ABC at 45 Stop; 50 Limit. The order is elected and changes to a purchase order at the limit price of $50 if the market climbs to $45. (or lower). It will thus only be filled at a price of $50 or less per share.

Learn more about Customer here: brainly.com/question/13735743

#SPJ4

Answer:

To switch from a product to a customer orientation, companies must undertake structural changes that align with their new focus on customer management. Companies should invest in process harmonization, standardization, and formal IT-enabled workflows to make cross-functional and cross-unit coordination easier. Additionally, companies must adapt their organizational structure, goals, purpose, strategy, mission, and employee performance to align with the new customer orientation

Explanation:

Companies should consider the following structural changes:

Structural change: Companies must adapt their organizational structure to align with the new customer orientation. This includes changing the organization's hierarchy, chain of command, management systems, job structure, and administrative procedures.

Strategic change: Companies must make changes to the overall goals, purpose, strategy, or mission of the organization. This involves changing what products or services the company offers, the target customer segments or markets the company tries to reach, how the company distributes its products or services, its position in the global economy, and who it will partner with for manufacturers, distributors, and other logistical needs.

People changes: Companies must improve employee performance, skills, attitudes, behaviour, and loyalty to the organization, as well as enhance manager-subordinate relationships, group cohesion, and employee sense of achievement. This involves replacing all of the top-level managers in hopes of creating a new organizational culture, or small-scale changes such as working to change employee attitudes through things such as team building or other behavioral activities.

Process change: Companies must improve the overall workflow efficiency and productivity within an organization. This involves making changes to an organization's production operations, such as how it produces its products, how it delivers its services or how it handles everyday business practices.