A trend relating the melting point of a transition metal in Periods 4 and 5 to the number of electrons each atom has? Explain

3/  a. Selenium, Copper, Scandium

 b. Oxygen, Sulfur, Polonium

 c. Rubidium, Cesium, Francium

4/ a. Arsenic, Germanium, Gallium

 b. Beryllium, Calcium, Barium

 c. Calcium, Cadmium, Iridium

5/  a. Platinum, Nickel, Copper

 b. Silver, Actinium, Phosphorous

 c. Tungsten, Astatine,  Mercury

Explain: the nuclear charge is shielded by inner closed shells that are complete. The valence electrons are also farther removed from the nuclear core, and thus, even tho the nuclear charge has increased, the attraction for the valence electrons should be DECREASED, and this is manifested by the well-known decrease in ionization enthalpies as we go down a Group, a column of the Periodic Table. And thus down the Group, electronegativity decreases.

Answer:

3. IN ORDER OF HIGHEST TO LOWEST

  a. Selenium, Copper, Scandium

  b. Oxygen, Sulfur, Polonium

  c. Rubidium, Cesium, Francium

4. IN ORDER OF HIGHEST TO LOWEST

  a. Arsenic, Germanium, Gallium

  b. Beryllium, Calcium, Barium

  c. Calcium, Cadmium, Iridium

5. IN ORDER OF LARGEST TO SMALLEST

  a. Platinum, Nickel, Copper

  b. Actinium, Silver, Phosphorous

  c. Tungsten, Mercury, Astatine

Explanation:

Could you please give me brainliest for this question cause it took a while to do?

The correct name for HNO₂ is Nitrous acid and HClO₃ is known as the Chloric acid. Nitrous acid, often known as HNO₂, is an acidic molecule that is weak and unstable.

It is often cold and only produced in diluted forms. It is a very helpful substance that transforms some amines into diazonium compounds. The first query you might have is, "What is the chemical formula for nitrous acid?" The chemical formula for nitrous acid is HNO₂. 47.013 g/mol is its molar mass. A planar molecule must have single and double bonds connecting the nitrogen and oxygen atoms. These two oxygen molecules have an electronegative polarity.

A colorless liquid is chloric acid. Combustible materials will burn more quickly due to its ability to ignite most things on contact. It corrodes tissue and metals. It is a reagent used in chemical analysis and in the synthesis of other chemicals.

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In a molecule of water, 4 electrons are shared between each hydrogen atom and an oxygen atom.

It is the lowest point in the substance and possesses chemical elements. Atoms don't exist on their own; instead, they combine to create ions and molecules, which combine to create the substances that we can see, feel, and touch. One or more atoms joined together by covalent (chemical) connections make up molecules. Atoms can be imagined as circles with a central nucleus (consisting of protons and neutrons) and one or more concentric circles surrounding it that represent the "shells" or "levels" in which the electrons surrounding the atom's nucleus are located as well as markings that distinguish the electron. every level

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The boiling point of the organic compounds above in their increasing order is given below:

The boiling point of substances simply refers to that temperature at which a compound or substance in its liquid forms starts to boil. However, from the context of the task given above, all the compounds from above belong to the family of organic compounds known as the alkanes.

That being said, the boiling point of the organic alkanes increases with an increasing number of carbon atoms. This is why propane; which has three carbon atoms from above has the lowest boiling. The next compound above with a higher boiling point than propane is pentane which has five carbon atoms. The next one is hexane and finally decane which has the highest boiling point.

In conclusion, we can now confirm from the explanation given above that the number of carbon atoms in alkanes is the key to its boiling point.

Complete question:

Arrange the following compounds in order of increasing boiling point:

Pentane

Propane

Decane

Hexane

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The hydrolysis of sucrose is extremely slow in an aqueous solution that can be increased by catalysts.

The sucrase-sucrose complex is produced as an intermediate in a separate reaction pathway with a lower activation energy through which the process progresses.

By offering a new reaction pathway with lower activation energy, catalysts can speed up a reaction. The diagram is consistent with a two-step mechanism in which the sucrase-sucrose complex is created in the first stage as an intermediate and depleted in the second.

An equimolar mixture of fructose and glucose is produced during the hydrolysis of sucrose, which is known as inverted sugar in the food industry.

Inversion is the process of hydrolyzing sucrose to produce glucose and fructose. Invert sugar is the result of the hydrolysis of sucrose, which causes the sign of rotation to shift from dextro (+) to laevo (-).

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The processes that come into play during the dehydration process in an oven is option  A. Heat, low humidity and air current.

What are the methods of dehydration?

Foods can be dried in a number of ways, including the sun, an electric dehydrator, a regular oven, a microwave (just for herbs), air drying, and solar drying.

Note that Food dehydration involves simultaneous mass and heat transfers within the food as well as changes in the energy transfer medium. When food is dehydrated using a process other than hot air, the moisture may need to be removed from the food by means of air or another gas.

Hence, One of the simplest methods for preserving food is dehydration. You don't need to purchase specialized jars, preservers, or equipment. Not even a dehydrator is necessary. Food can be dried in your oven, whether it's a toaster oven or a regular oven.

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The fact that the coal burned in South African power plants has a high Sulphur content means that the power plants: burn cleanly, with little pollution

The fact that the coal burned in South African power plants has a high Sulphur content means that the power plants: burn cleanly, with little pollution; emit high levels of radioactive pollution; are very expensive, causing the majority of the country's poor to go without electricity; contribute to acidic deposition; and are very affordable, enhancing the country's economy.

What is released during the burning of sulfur-rich coal?

Some or all of the SO2 produced when high Sulphur coal is burned in power plants is frequently discharged into the atmosphere, where it reacts with water vapour to form sulfuric acid. Acid rain is then produced when this acid reacts with water droplets.

When coal is burned, what is released in significant amounts?

All living things, including humans, are composed of carbon. However, as coal burns, its carbon reacts with airborne oxygen to generate carbon dioxide. Although carbon dioxide (CO2) is an odourless, colourless gas, it is one of numerous gases in the atmosphere that can retain the heat from the planet.

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The correct electronic configuration or orbital diagram for titanium is [Ar] 3d² 4s²; the correct option is D.

The element titanium is a transition metal that has the atomic number 22.

The atomic number of 22 means that there are 22 electrons in the electron shell of titanium.

The electronic configuration of titanium is [Ar] 3d² 4s²

Titanium is used for several purposes such as

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Ethanol is used in the dna isolation process because it allows the precipitate to form.

Ethanol is defined as the organic chemical compound that contains the elements such as hydrogen, carbon and hydroxide and it's often referred to as alcohol.

Examples of uses of ethanol in the medical section include the following:

This is suitable because addition of ethanol, followed by centrifugation, will cause the DNA proteins to come out of the solution the requires DNA extraction.

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A. The forces are working in the same direction.

B. The forces are additive.

C. The combined force on the box is 250 Newtons.

D. The forces are unbalanced.

The net force on an object is the resultant force on the object when all the possible forces have been considered.

Forces that act in the same direction are additive in nature while opposing forces are subtractive.

Thus, considering the forces exerted by Adam and Bob on the box, their forces are additive because both are in the same direction. Thus, the total force applied or the combined force on the box can be calculated as;

100 + 150 = 250 Newtons.

Now, the two forces are not applied at the same point on the box and neither are they equal in magnitudes. Bob exerted more force than Adam. Thus, the forces are unbalanced.

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Oxidation of the carbon farthest from the carbonyl group of a fatty acid is called w-oxidation.

What is Oxidation?

When an object comes into touch with oxygen or the other oxidizer, a chemical reaction occurs. Rusty and the brown color of a sliced apples are both evidence of oxidation.

An oxidation reaction takes place when oxygen interacts with a substance or an element. Another way to think of oxidation is as the process of removing hydrogen from the species of reactants. Molecule, atom, or ion oxidation is the process of losing electrons.

Therefore, Option C is correct.

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As indigo makes hydrogen with itself making it non-polar, it remains insoluble in water whereas due to the basic property of leucoindigo, it acts as a polar compound becoming soluble in water.

With itself, indigo forms hydrogen bonds. The molecule is unable to form a connection with water as a result. Additionally, the molecule is quite symmetrical and has polar bonds with oppositely oriented dipole moments that cancel each other out, making it non-polar and insoluble in water. While water cannot dissolve apolar molecules, it may dissolve polar ones. In this manner, the leuco base of indigo is formed, resulting in a polar molecule that may dissolve in water. This leuco base is polar since it is a sodium salt.

What do you mean by polar and non-polar compounds?

Polar compounds are compounds that have slight charges (slightly positive and slightly negative) within the compound. The slight charges are due to electronegativity differences of .3 to 1.4.  Nonpolar compounds are compounds that do not have slightly negative and positive charges within the compound. The electronegativity differences of nonpolar compounds are between 0 and .2.

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The wavelength is 241.77m.

What is frequency?

Hertz gives the frequency at which a recurring event occurs once every second (Hz). The number of vibrations or cycles per unit of time is the definition of frequency, as we are all aware.

What is wavelength?

A wave's wavelength is the separation between its successive crests, notably between the points of an electromagnetic wave.

frequency = 1.240*10^6 s^-1

speed of light = 2.998*10^-8 m/s

λ = wavelength

C= λv

λ=c/v

λ= 2.998*10^-8 m/s/1.240*10^6 s^-1

λ= 241.77m

Therefore, wavelength is 241.77m.

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Considering the definition of empirical and molecular formula, the empirical formula is C₃H₅O₂ and the molecular formula is C₆H₁₀O₄.

The empirical formula or minimal formula is one that indicates the type of atoms that make up a compound, the minimum ratio of the integer number of atoms and not necessarily the exact number of atoms in it.

The molecular formula is the actual formula of the molecule and indicates the types of atoms and the number of each type involved in the formation of the molecule.

This formula can be obtained from the empirical or minimal formula, as long as the molecular mass of the compound is known. That is, divide the estimated molecular mass divided by the molecular mass of the empirical form. With the multiple obtained, we proceed to multiply the subscripts of the empirical formula, thus obtaining the molecular formula of the compound.

In this case, you know:

Assuming a 100 grams sample, the percentages match the grams in the sample. So you have:

Then it is possible to calculate the number of moles of each atom in the molecule, taking into account the corresponding molar mass:

The empirical formula must be expressed using whole number relationships, for this the numbers of moles are divided by the smallest result of those obtained. In this case:

The empirical formula must be expressed using whole number relationships, so:

Therefore the C: H: O mole ratio is 3: 5: 2

Finally, the empirical formula is C₃H₅O₂.

The molar mass of adipic acid is 146.1 g/mol and the molar mass of empirical formula is 69 g/mole.

Dividing the estimated molecular mass divided by the molecular mass of the empirical form, you get:

146.1 g/mol÷ 69 g/mol ≅ 2

This means that in the molecular formula there are 2 unit formulas, so it is necessary to multiply the number of all atoms by 2:

Molecular formula= 2×C₃H₅O₂

Molecular formula= C₆H₁₀O₄

The molecular formula is C₆H₁₀O₄.

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The chemical formula of hydroiodic acid is HI.

Chemical formula is as used in chemistry is a notation indicating the number of atoms of each element present in a compound. It shows the type and number atoms of an element present in a compound.

For example, the molecular or chemical formula for ethane is C₂H₆.This shows that ethane contains 2 carbon atoms and 6 hydrogen atoms.

Hydroiodic acid is a compound made up of two elements namely;

Therefore, the chemical formula for hydroiodic acid is HI.

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The sodium-potassium pump would make a potassium solution injection lethal as chloride is a potassium salt, which increases the blood and cardiac awareness of potassium to forestall the heart via an odd heartbeat and for that reason purpose demise by means of cardiac arrest.

Potassium chloride is the drug that reasons loss of lifestyle in execution below contemporary-day deadly injection protocols and is used in capital punishment and euthanasia, till 2009, maximum states used a three-drug aggregate for lethal injections, an anesthetic (normally sodium thiopental, until pentobarbital emerge as added at the prevent of 2010), pancuronium bromide (a paralytic agent, additionally known as Pavulon), and potassium chloride (stops the coronary heart )

The sodium-potassium pump is a protein pump that's critically critical to the function of neurons. It permits stabilizing membrane functionality, and for that reason is important in developing the situations essential for the firing of motion potentials.

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The ΔHvap for carbon disulfide is 26.06J.

As the temperature rises, so does the water vapor saturation pressure. The rate at which vapour pressure rises for each degree that the temperature rises is determined by the Clausius-Clapeyron equation. Specify p as the saturation vapour pressure and T as the temperature.

In honor of Rudolf Clausius and Benoît Paul Émile Clapeyron, the Clausius Clapeyron equation is a way of explaining a discontinuous phase transformation between two phases of matter of a single constituent. There is no direct relationship between a liquid's temperature and vapour pressure.

Clausius-Clapeyron Equation,

In P = RT/ΔHvap + C

Given,

P = 363 torr,

R = 8.314

T = 46.3°C

C= 25°C

363 = 8.314×46.3/ΔHvap + 25

363 = 384.9/ΔHvap +25

ΔHvap = 384.9/363 + 25

ΔHvap = 26.06J.

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Anything that moves in a net direction from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration is said to be diffusing. Because the particles in liquids and gases travel randomly from one location to another, diffusion occurs in these media.

Diffusion is the overall net movement of anything from a higher concentration to a lower concentration. A gradient in the Gibbs free energy or chemical potential drives diffusion.

The molecules' kinetic energy causes random motion, which causes diffusion. This mechanism happens in simple diffusion without the help of a transport protein. The molecules travel from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration due to their random mobility.

Thus, Because the particles in liquids and gases travel randomly from one location to another, diffusion occurs in these media.

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Hope this answer helps you

The rate equation's power-law form is typically employed to identify the reaction order.R = k[A]x[B]y is the formula for this form of a rate law.

Its reaction is m ordering with regard to A & n function with respect to B, according to the general rate law discussed above.For instance, the reaction is first degree in A and second order in B if m = 1 and n = 2.The sum of the orders for each reactant makes up the overall reaction order.

The overall order of reaction will be 0 if the constant has same unit as that of the reaction rate.

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1. The limiting reactant would be [tex]B_2[/tex]

2. The number of molecules of product formed would be 3 moles.

In the diagram, the green ball is [tex]A_2[/tex] and the blue ball is [tex]B_2[/tex]. Both react to form [tex]AB_3[/tex] according to the following equation:

[tex]A_2 + 2B_3 --- > 2AB_3[/tex]

From the equation, the mole ratio of [tex]A_2[/tex] to [tex]B_3[/tex] is 1:2. There are 6 green balls ([tex]A_2[/tex]) and 3 blue balls ([tex]B_2[/tex]) in the image. In other words, the ratio of [tex]A_2[/tex] to [tex]B_3[/tex] in the image is 2:1.

Thus, [tex]B_2[/tex] is limiting in availability.

From the equation, the mole ratio of [tex]B_2[/tex] to [tex]AB_3[/tex] is 1:1. With 3 moles of  [tex]B_2[/tex]  limiting the reaction, only 3 moles of [tex]AB_3[/tex] will also be produced going by the mole ratio.

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The complete question:

The molecular scene at right represents a mixture of  a2 (green) and b2 (blue) before they react to form ab3. What is the limiting reactant? How many molecules of product can form?

Answer: Yes, it is true, hydrogen bonding is strongest intermolecular forces compare with all. In case of nh3, (N-H bonds makes between molecules) and dipole dipole interaction (interaction between two dipole) and london dispersion forces occur between nh3 molecules. this types of intermolecular forces are generated between nh3 molecules.

During tubular reabsorption, solutes are transferred back to the circulation. Glomerular filtration involves the passive transfer of small substances from the blood towards the filtrate.

The second crucial step in the production of urine is tubular reabsorption. Many of the glomerular filtration of solutes needed for proper bodily operation, like amino acids, glucose, et salts, begins in the proximal section of the tubule.

The reverse of reabsorption, tubular secretion is the movement of substances from peritubular capillaries into the renal tubular lumen. Passive diffusion and active transport are the main causes of this secretion. Usually, only a small number of substances—usually waste products—are excreted.

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Answer:

The color of light that is emitted by an atom depends on how much energy the electron releases as it moves down different energy levels.

Explanation:

Magnesium will combine with chlorine in a 1:2 ratio to give a formula of XCI₂.

Positively charged magnesium ions are surrounded by negatively charged chlorine ions, and similarly, negatively charged chlorine ions are surrounded by positively charged magnesium ions in the ionic complex known as magnesium chloride. Magnesium and chlorine mix in a proportion corresponding to their valencies. Chlorine has valency 1, while magnesium has valency 2.

The ionic bond is formed by the attraction of positively charged magnesium ions (Mg⁺²) and negatively charged chlorine ions (Cl⁻). The transfer of electrons from the outer orbits results in the creation of magnesium chloride. This ionic connection aids in completing the process of electron transfer between atoms.

As a result, one molecule of magnesium chloride (MgCl₂) is created by the 1:2 combination of the atoms of magnesium and chlorine.

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Chemical structure determination involves the chemist identifying the molecular structure and, if possible and necessary, the electronic structure of the target molecule or other solids.

Looking at the molecular structure of PCl3, it is a pyramid with approximately three bond angles. 103°. PCl3 is polar because VSEPR theory predicts a triangular pyramidal molecular structure. Around phosphorus he has four electron density regions. One of them is the lone pair of electrons. In general, the lone pair of the central atom indicates that the molecule is polar.

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The unit cell edge length in pm is 361 pm.

given that :

the density of the metal , ρ = 8.96 g/cm³

atomic mass = 63.54 g/mol

the atomic cell = 4 atoms

Avogadro's number = 6.022 × 10²³ atoms/mol

the expression is given as follows :

cell volume =  (atoms × atomic mass ) / density × Avogadro's number)

                    = ( 4 × 63.54 ) / 8.96 × 6.022 × 10²³)

                    = 4.71 × 10⁻²³ cm³

a = ∛4.71 × 10⁻²³ cm³

a = 361 pm

The unit cell edge length is 361 pm.

Thus, Copper crystallizes in a face-centered cubic lattice (the cu atoms are at the lattice points only). If the density of the metal is 8. 96 g/cm3,  the unit cell edge length in pm is 361 pm.

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There are 2.716 moles are present in 500 gm of MgBr₂

The mass of a sample of a chemical compound is divided by the quantity of that substance, or the number of moles in the sample, measured in moles, to obtain the compound's molar mass in chemistry.

MgBr₂ is known as Magnesium bromide.

It is given that, Magnesium bromide of molar mass = 184.11 g/mol

As we know,

184.11 gm Magnesium bromide contains 1 mol

So, 500 gm Magnesium bromide contains 500 ÷ 184.11 = 2.716 mol

Thus, 2.716 moles are present in 500 gm of MgBr₂

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Neither the reduction and phosphorylation of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate to produce 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate nor the oxidation of a molecule of NAD+ to NADH.

What is G3P and how does it work?

The energy-producing processes glycolysis and glycerolipid biosynthesis both require glycerol-3-phosphate (G3P), which is a necessary component.

                               Enzymes involved in G3P biosynthesis and catabolism, as well as those involved directly or indirectly in G3P biosynthesis, control the amount of G3P in plants.

What is the purpose of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate?

The end result of the Calvin cycle is glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate, or G3P. A 3-carbon sugar, it serves as the building block for the creation of other carbs.

                                The cycle is continued in part by using this G3P to regenerate the RuBP, but some of it is also available for molecular synthesis and is utilized to create fructose diphosphate.

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The correct answer in option C. The American tax code, compared to other democracies, Overall, more complex

The tale of King Rex, who was motivated to establish an altogether new and improved legal system for his people, was presented in a 1963 lecture by American legal philosopher Lon Fuller. However, King Rex was a dull, uneducated legislator. Every type of law he enacted was met with fervent popular opposition.

The populace argued that his first new legal system was incredibly ambiguous. After that, he published a legal code that was precise but riddled with baffling paradoxes. Modern democratic state residents and corporate entities might identify with King Rex's subjects on some level. These days, we have to pay for expensive legal specialists to advise us on our legal dangers, rights, and obligations because the legal systems we live under are constantly expanding and becoming so deep, sophisticated, and precisely written.

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