All of the following are listed in textbook as guidelines for using video clips to support a speech except option C: irrelevant stories.
What is meant by textbook?A textbook is a book that contains an extensive collection of data in a particular subject of study with the intention of explaining it. To meet the needs of teachers, educational institutions frequently produce textbooks. Schoolbooks are the name given to textbooks and other educational supplies.A textbook is an informative book that is used solely in a class at school. Textbooks are educational materials designed for education in a certain discipline, not as leisurely reads.The primary distinction between a book and a textbook is that the former has only instructional value while the latter may serve other functions. Books of many kinds may be found at bookshops, including novels, dictionaries, notebooks, encyclopedias, atlases, and more.Completed question :
All of the following are narrative types discussed in your textbook EXCEPT
- institutional stories
- cultural stories
- irrelevant stories
- stories about others
Learn more about textbook refer to ;
https://brainly.com/question/27826682
#SPJ4
T F a) Void Functions can use reference parameters.
Function Calls Using Value and Reference Parameter Examples: Void function call using value parameters (can use expression, constant, or variable)
What is void function in C programming?
Except that they do not return a value when the function executes, void functions are constructed and used just like value-returning functions. The term "void" is used by void functions in place of a data type. A void function does a job before returning control to the caller; nevertheless, it does not return a value.Statements that are void functions are independent. When the function return type in computer programming is void, it means the function doesn't return a value. The word void indicates that a pointer is universal when it appears in a pointer declaration.A function called void *function() in the C programming language returns a value that, when dereferenced, is of the type void.Learn more about void function refer to :
https://brainly.com/question/25644365
#SPJ4
the parallelism of a multithreaded computation is the maximum possible speedup that can be achieved on any number of processors
The greatest speedup that any number of processors may achieve is the parallelism T1/T8. For any number of processors more than the parallelism T1/T8, perfect linear speedup cannot be achieved.
What does a computation that uses several threads do?The overall amount of time needed to complete a multithreaded computation on a single processor is called the work. Therefore, the work is an accounting of the total time spent on each thread.
What does a parallel computer accomplish?The total quantity of computing effort that is completed is referred to as work in physics. With P processors, an ideal parallel computer can complete up to P units of work in one time step.
To know more Parallelism T1/T8 visit :-
https://brainly.com/question/29190324
#SPJ4
watch with native subtitles then watch it with subtitles in target language then watch it with no subtitkes
Studies have shown that, in general, it is preferable to employ foreign-language subtitles when watching foreign-language content as opposed to native-language subtitles, however the advantages of doing so are limited to certain components of the learning process.
Do you need subtitles to view in the target language?It is often preferable to watch movies, TV shows, and other media with subtitles than without them if they are in your target foreign language. Subtitles in a foreign language often function as a study aid a little bit better than subtitles in a native language.
Is it better to watch a show with or without subtitles?If you're a total newbie, it's a good idea to watch an episode of a show first with subtitles in your native language, and then without any subtitles.
To know more about language subtitles visit :-
https://brainly.com/question/14277448
#SPJ4
When searching for an app or extension, check out the ___________ to learn from other users' experiences with that app or extension.
Reviews
Check out the reviews while looking for an extension or software to get a sense of how other users felt about it.
What function do extensions and apps serve?Users may be able to add files to a website through apps or extensions. gives an app or extension the ability to create, read, traverse, and write to the user's local file system at a user-chosen location. (Chrome OS only) gives an app or extension the ability to construct file systems that can be accessed via the Chrome device's file manager.
What exactly does allows app mean?enables an extension or app to request information about the physical memory of the machine. enables a program or extension to communicate with native applications on a user's device. A native messaging host registration is required for native apps.
To know more about software visit :-
https://brainly.com/question/26649673
#SPJ4
in python
The program is the same as shown at the end of the Merge sort section, with the following changes:
Numbers are entered by a user in a separate helper function, read_nums(), instead of defining a specific list.
Output of the list has been moved to the function print_nums().
An output has been added to merge_sort(), showing the indices that will be passed to the recursive function calls.
Add code to the merge sort algorithm to count the number of comparisons performed.
Add code at the end of the program that outputs "comparisons: " followed by the number of comparisons performed (Ex: "comparisons: 12")
Hint: Use a global variable to count the comparisons.
Note: Take special care to look at the output of each test to better understand the merge sort algorithm.
Ex: When the input is:
3 2 1 5 9 8
the output is:
unsorted: 3 2 1 5 9 8
0 2 | 3 5
0 1 | 2 2
0 0 | 1 1
3 4 | 5 5
3 3 | 4 4
sorted: 1 2 3 5 8 9
comparisons: 8
main.py
# Read integers into a list and return the list.
def read_nums():
nums = input().split()
return [int(num) for num in nums]
# Output the content of a list, separated by spaces.
def print_nums(numbers):
for num in numbers:
print (num, end=' ')
print()
def merge(numbers, i, j, k):
merged_size = k - i + 1
merged_numbers = []
for l in range(merged_size):
merged_numbers.append(0)
merge_pos = 0
left_pos = i
right_pos = j + 1
while left_pos <= j and right_pos <= k:
if numbers[left_pos] < numbers[right_pos]:
merged_numbers[merge_pos] = numbers[left_pos]
left_pos = left_pos + 1
else:
merged_numbers[merge_pos] = numbers[right_pos]
right_pos = right_pos + 1
merge_pos = merge_pos + 1
while left_pos <= j:
merged_numbers[merge_pos] = numbers[left_pos]
left_pos = left_pos + 1
merge_pos = merge_pos + 1
while right_pos <= k:
merged_numbers[merge_pos] = numbers[right_pos]
right_pos = right_pos + 1
merge_pos = merge_pos + 1
merge_pos = 0
while merge_pos < merged_size:
numbers[i + merge_pos] = merged_numbers[merge_pos]
merge_pos = merge_pos + 1
def merge_sort(numbers, i, k):
j = 0
if i < k:
j = (i + k) // 2
# Trace output added to code in book
print(i, j, "|", j + 1, k)
merge_sort(numbers, i, j)
merge_sort(numbers, j + 1, k)
merge(numbers, i, j, k)
if __name__ == '__main__':
numbers = read_nums()
print ('unsorted:', end=' ')
print_nums(numbers)
print()
merge_sort(numbers, 0, len(numbers) - 1)
print ('\nsorted:', end=' ')
print_nums(numbers)
To add code to the merge sort algorithm to count the number of comparisons performed and at the end of the program that outputs "comparisons: " followed by the number of comparisons performed check the code given below.
What is sort algorithm?A sorting algorithm is a set of instructions that takes an input array, applies certain operations to the array (also known as a list), and outputs a sorted array.
Sorting algorithms are frequently covered early on in computer science courses because they offer a simple way to introduce other important concepts like Big-O notation, divide-and-conquer strategies, and data structures like binary trees and heaps.
When selecting a sorting algorithm, many factors need to be taken into account.
"""
Python version: 3.6
Python program to sort a list of numbers in ascending order using merge sort
"""
# add a global variable to count number of key comparisons in merge sort and initialize it to 0
comparisons = 0
def read_nums():
"""
Function that takes no inputs and returns a list of integers entered by the user
"""
# read a string of integers and split it into list of strings using default delimiter whitespace
nums = input().split()
# convert the list of strings to list of integers and return it
return [int(num) for num in nums]
def print_nums(numbers):
"""
Function that takes as input a list of numbers and display the
numbers on screen in one line separated by space ending with a newline
"""
for num in numbers:
print (num, end=' ')
print()
def merge(numbers, i, j, k):
"""
Function that takes as input a list of numbers and 3 integers
representing the start and ends of the sorted left[i, j] and sorted right[j+1, k] sublists
"""
global comparisons # use the global variable comparisons
# calculate the total size of the list after merging the sublists
merged_size = k - i + 1
# create a list of size merged_size and initialize all elements to 0
merged_numbers = []
for l in range(merged_size):
merged_numbers.append(0)
# set merge_pos to start index of merged_numbers, left_pos to start index of left sublist and right_pos to start index of right sublist
merge_pos = 0
left_pos = i
right_pos = j + 1
# loop until end of a sublist is reached
while left_pos <= j and right_pos <= k:
comparisons += 1 # increment comparisons by 1
# current element of left sublist is less than current element of right sublist
if numbers[left_pos] < numbers[right_pos]:
# insert current element of left sublist into merged_numbers and increment left_pos by 1
merged_numbers[merge_pos] = numbers[left_pos]
left_pos = left_pos + 1
else:
# else insert current element of right sublist into merged_numbers and increment right_pos by 1
merged_numbers[merge_pos] = numbers[right_pos]
right_pos = right_pos + 1
merge_pos = merge_pos + 1 # increment merge_pos by 1
# loop to copy the remaining elements of left sublist to merged_numbers
while left_pos <= j:
merged_numbers[merge_pos] = numbers[left_pos]
left_pos = left_pos + 1
merge_pos = merge_pos + 1
# loop to copy the remaining elements of right sublist to merged_numbers
while right_pos <= k:
merged_numbers[merge_pos] = numbers[right_pos]
right_pos = right_pos + 1
merge_pos = merge_pos + 1
# loop to copy the sorted list from merged_numbers to numbers in the range [i, k]
merge_pos = 0
while merge_pos < merged_size:
numbers[i + merge_pos] = merged_numbers[merge_pos]
merge_pos = merge_pos + 1
def merge_sort(numbers, i, k):
"""
Function that takes as input an unsorted list of numbers and start and end index
of the list to sort and sorts the list in ascending order using merge sort
"""
j = 0
# current list range contains at least 1 element
if i < k:
# get the index of middle element of the current range
j = (i + k) // 2
# output the range for the left and right sublists to sort
print(i, j, "|", j + 1, k)
# recursively sort the numbers in the range [i,j] and [j+1, k]
merge_sort(numbers, i, j)
merge_sort(numbers, j + 1, k)
# merge the sorted lists [i,j] and [j+1,k] to get the sorted list in the range [i,k]
merge(numbers, i, j, k)
if __name__ == '__main__':
# get the list of numbers entered by the user
numbers = read_nums()
# display the unsorted list
print ('unsorted:', end=' ')
print_nums(numbers)
print()
# sort the list in ascending order using merge sort passing the numbers list and 0 and 1 less than size of list as i and k
merge_sort(numbers, 0, len(numbers) - 1)
# display the sorted list
print ('\nsorted:', end=' ')
print_nums(numbers)
# display the number of comparisons using the global variable
print("comparisons:",comparisons)
# end of program
Learn more about sorting algorithm
https://brainly.com/question/14698104
#SPJ4
a security administrator suspects an employee has been emailing proprietary information to a competitor. company policy requires the administrator to capture an exact copy of the employee's hard disk. which of the following should the administrator use?
Demand drafts are orders of payment by a bank to another bank.
What exactly does Dd mean?Demand drafts are payments made by one bank to another, whereas checks are payments made by an account holder to the bank. A Drawer must go to the bank’s branch and fill out the DD form, as well as pay the money in cash or by any other means, before the bank will issue a DD [demand draft]. All of your permanent computer data is stored on the hard disk. When you save a file, photo, or piece of software to your computer, it is saved on your hard drive. Most hard disks have storage capacities ranging from 250GB to 1TB.
Simply simply, a hard disk is a device that stores data. On a computer, this comprises all of your images, movies, music, documents, and apps, as well as any other files.
To learn more about Dd refer:
https://brainly.com/question/29910108
#SPJ4
Answer
Explanation
in access, the view is used to 1.) add, remove or rearrange fields 2.) define the name, the data type
Design view gives you a more detailed view of the structure of the form.
What exactly is a design perspective?Viewpoint on Design: The form's structure can be seen in more detail in the design view. The Header, Detail, and Footer portions of the form are clearly visible. Although you cannot see the underlying data while making design changes, there are several operations that are simpler to carry out in Design view than in Layout view.
Use the Form Selector to select the full form. Double-click the form to see its characteristics. The form's heading is visible at the very top. Controls group: In the Controls group, you can add controls to your form. The most typical view is called standard, normal, or design view, and it features a blank screen that you can text on, paste, or draw on.
To learn more about Design view, visit:
brainly.com/question/13261769
#SPJ4
interrupt checking is typically carried out at various times during the execution of a machine instruction. T/F
True, interrupt checking often happens several times while a machine instruction is being executed.
How are computer instructions carried out?The CPU runs a program that is saved in main memory as a series of machine language instructions. It achieves this by continuously retrieving an instruction from memory, known as fetching it, and carrying it out, known as executing it.
What are computer instructions?Machine instructions are instructions or programs that can be read and executed by a machine (computer). A machine instruction is a set of memory bytes that instructs the processor to carry out a specific machine action.
To know more about interrupt visit:-
https://brainly.com/question/29770273
#SPJ4
comptia calls regularly updating operating systems and applications to avoid security threats patch management. T/F
The given statement, compTIA calls regularly updating operating systems and applications to avoid security threats patch management, is TRUE.
What is compTIA?CompTIA is not a plan or even a strategy. The Computing Technology Industry Association is what it is, actually. Through training, certifications, education, market research, and philanthropy, CompTIA seeks to encourage the growth of the industry. While providing instruction in contemporary information technology, it also promotes creativity and opens doors by providing applicants with the tools they need to succeed. The company's strategy is also autonomous and vendor-neutral, providing completely agnostic information that doesn't rely on familiarity with certain frameworks or tools.
To know more about compTIA refer:
https://brainly.com/question/28746291
#SPJ4
a firewall combines several different security technologies, such as packet filtering, application-level gateways, and vpns.
Numerous network security tools, including VPNs, IPSs, and even antivirus software, are frequently bundled together into one potent package by the majority of Next-Generation firewalls.
A firewall is what?As a result, technically speaking, the entire firewall functioning depends on the monitoring task and either allows or blocks the packets in accordance with a set of security regulations. Network policy, sophisticated authentication, packet filtering, and application gateways are the four main parts of the firewall architecture.
What is the operation of application level firewalls?Application-level firewalls use the application information to determine whether to drop a packet or let it pass (available in the packet). They achieve this by configuring several proxies on a single firewall for diverse apps.
To know more VPNs visit :-
https://brainly.com/question/29432190
#SPJ4
In memory based on DRAM a memory request that fall on the same row as the previous request can be served ______ as fast as one to a different row.
In memory based on DRAM a memory request that fall on the same row as the previous request can be served just as fast as one to a different row.
What is DRAM?
When using Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM), each piece of data is kept in its own capacitor inside of an integrated circuit. This form of memory, which is frequently used as the system memory in computer systems, is volatile, suggesting that this really needs a constant source of power to keep its contents. DRAM is frequently set up into memory cells, which are made of a single diode as well as a capacitor and can each hold one bit of data. The bit is seen as being a one when the capacitor is loaded, and as a zero whenever the capacitor is discharged. DRAM is utilised in a variety of devices and systems, such as personal computers, workstation, servers, cell phones, and digital cameras.
To learn more about DRAM
https://brainly.com/question/14845501
#SPJ4
T/F? The size of the organization and the normal conduct of business may preclude a single large training program on new security procedures or technologies.
True, Large-scale training programs for new security procedures or technologies might not be feasible given the size of the organization and how business is typically conducted.
What is security procedure?
A security procedure is a predetermined flow of steps that must be taken in order to carry out a certain security duty or function. In order to achieve a goal, procedures are typically composed of a series of steps that must be carried out repeatedly and consistently.
By defining mandatory controls and requirements, standards and safeguards are employed to accomplish policy goals. Security rules and regulations are applied consistently by following procedures. Standards and guidelines for security are provided through guidelines.
Everything from access control to ID checking to alarms and surveillance should be covered. It should also include any tangible assets you have at the office, visitor and staff tracking systems, and fire protection. This applies to workstations, displays, computers, and other items.
Read more about security procedure:
https://brainly.com/question/29311752
#SPJ4
prove that the safety algorithm presented in section banker's algorithm requires an order of operations.
Bankers algorithm is mostly used in banking systems to determine whether or not to grant a loan to a certain applicant.
How do you find the safe sequence in Banker's algorithm?For this reason, we use the banker's algorithm to identify the safe state and the safe sequence, such as P2, P4, P5, P1, and P3. In order to grant the Request (1, 0, 2), we must first verify that Request = Available, which means that (1, 0, 2) = (3, 3, 2) since the condition is true. Thus, the request is received instantly by process P1.
The banker's algorithm is a resource allocation and deadlock avoidance algorithm that simulates resource allocation for predetermined maximum possible amounts of all resources, performs a "s-state" check to look for potential activities, and then determines whether allocation should be permitted to continue. The Banker's Algorithm is frequently used in the banking sector to prevent gridlock. You can use it to determine if a loan will be approved or not.
To learn more about Banker's algorithm refer to :
https://brainly.com/question/28236065
#SPJ4
IMAPThis protocol will allow users to maintain messages stored on an email server without removing them from the server.
The Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP) is a protocol for gaining access to email or message boards from a mail server or service that may be shared. A client email application can access remote message repositories just like they were local thanks to IMAP.
What does IMAP stand for?
The Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP) is a protocol for gaining access to email or message boards from a mail server or service that may be shared. A client email application can access remote message repositories just like they were local thanks to IMAP.
We utilize IMAP protocol, but why?
With IMAP, you may use any device to access your email from anywhere. Instead of downloading or saving an email message on your computer when you use IMAP, you read it directly from the server.
To know more about IMAP protocol visit;
https://brainly.com/question/14009005
#SPJ4
Chinh wants to have a program print “Sorry, but that isn’t one of your options” until the user enters the correct information. What should be used to do this?
A.
database
B.
import
C.
while loop
D.
for loop
Answer:
C, while loop.
Explanation:
In a while loop, the program repeats itself until the given condition is met. In pseudocode, you could represent this as:
while input is not an option:
print Sorry, but this isn't one of your options.
Brainliest would be appreciated if this answer helped you :)
write a program that reads a list of integers from input and outputs the list with the first and last numbers swapped. the input begins with an integer indicating the number of values that follow. assume the list contains fewer than 20 integers.
The number of values that will follow is indicated by an integer at the beginning of the input. Assume there are fewer than 20 integers on the list.
What is integer?
A software that prints integers in reverse after reading a list of integers. An integer identifying the number is the first element of the input. Each output integer, up to and including the final one, should have a space after it for ease of coding. Assume that there will never be more than 20 items on the list. Here is how I did it: bring up java.util By multiplying the given integer by 10, you can make a function call with a smaller input size. choose a problem from the list of practise problems integers.
Input A programme that outputs a list of integers with the first and last values switched is known as an integer.
To learn more about reverse from given link
brainly.com/question/15284219
#SPJ4
Listen The principle of limiting users' access to only the specific information required to perform their assigned tasks. 1) Blueprint 2) Framework 3) Least privilege 4) Need-to-know 5) Security model Question 3 (1 point)
Least privilege is the principle of limiting users' access to only the specific information required to perform their assigned tasks.
What is a leat privilege?The idea that a security architecture should be built so that every entity is given the minimal system resources and authorizations necessary for them to carry out their function.Information security is a complicated, diverse discipline that is based on numerous fundamental ideas. Any information security programme should aim to achieve the three most crucial ones: confidentiality, integrity, and availability (also known as the CIA triad).The cyberattack surface is smaller as a result.Least privilege enforcement contributes to lowering the overall cyber attack surface by reducing super-user and administrator privileges (which provide IT administrators unrestricted access to target systems).The two terms' purviews differ, and this is why: The idea of least privilege also applies to non-human users such as system accounts, programmes, services, and devices, whereas need-to-know only considers how many people can read a given piece of information.To know more about leat privilege refer to:
https://brainly.com/question/29793574
#SPJ4
The ______ allows you to experiment with different filters and filter settings, and compound multiple filters to create unique artistic effects.
The Filter gallery allows you to experiment with different filters and filter settings, and compound multiple filters to create unique artistic effects.
Which tool corrects images by blending surrounding pixels?In Photoshop Elements, the Healing Brush Tool is used to fix minor image flaws. By fusing them with the pixels in the surrounding image, it achieves this. Similar to how the Clone Stamp tool functions, so does the Healing Brush Tool.
Choose "Healing Brush Tool" from the Toolbox and Tool Options Bar to start using it in Photoshop Elements. Then configure the Tool Options Bar according to your preferences.
Hold down "Alt" on your keyboard after that. Next, click the region you want to serve as the anchor point for copying pixels to another position. Release the "Alt" key after that. Next, drag the tool over the region where you want to copy the clicked-on pixels. Clicking and dragging,
To learn more about Filter gallery refer to:
https://brainly.com/question/28566737
#SPJ4
a error occurs when the program successfully compiles, but halts unexpectedly during runtime.
Run-time errors are when a software correctly builds, but then unexpectedly crashes during runtime.
What is run-time errors ?A runtime error is a software or hardware issue that interferes with Internet Explorer's proper operation. When a website employs HTML code that conflicts with a web browser's capability, runtime issues may result. A runtime error happens when a program has a problem that is only discovered during program execution even though it is syntactically sound.
Here are some instances of typical runtime faults you are guaranteed to encounter: The Java compiler is unable to catch these flaws at build time; instead, the Java Virtual Machine (JVM) only notices them when the application is running. Variable and function names that are misspelled or wrongly capitalized. attempts to conduct operations on incorrectly typed data, such as math operations (ex. attempting to subtract two variables that hold string values)
To learn more about run-time error refer to :
https://brainly.com/question/13106116
#SPJ4
if we have a data array as following, what would be the data array after going through the first run of an insertionsort?
If we had a data array as given, the data array after going through the first run of an insertionsort would be same as before.
What is data array?An array is a data structure in computer science that contains a collection of elements (values or variables), each of which is identified by at least one array index or key. An array is stored in such a way that the position of each element can be calculated mathematically from its index tuple. A linear array, also known as a one-dimensional array, is the simplest type of data structure.
Two-dimensional arrays are also referred to as "matrices" because the mathematical concept of a matrix can be represented as a two-dimensional grid. In some cases, the term "vector" is used to refer to an array in computing, even though tuples are the more mathematically correct equivalent.
Learn more about arrays
https://brainly.com/question/26104158
#SPJ4
When investigating a Windows System, it is important to view the contents of the page or swap file because:PrepAway - Latest Free Exam Questions & AnswersA.Windows stores all of the systems configuration information in this fileB.This is file that windows use to communicate directly with RegistryC.A Large volume of data can exist within the swap file of which the computer user has no knowledgeD.This is the file that windows use to store the history of the last 100 commands that were run from the command line
When investigating a Windows System, it is important to view the contents of the page or swap file because a large volume of data can exist within the swap file of which the computer user has no knowledge.
What is swap file in a windows system?When the system's memory is low, a swap file is a system file that generates temporary storage space on a solid-state drive or hard disk. The file frees up memory for other programs by swapping a portion of RAM storage from an inactive program.
The computer can use more RAM than is actually installed by employing a swap file. In other words, it can run more applications than it could with just the installed RAM's constrained resources.
Swap files are a form of virtual memory because they are not kept in actual RAM. A computer's operating system (OS) can seem to have more RAM than it actually does by using a swap file.
To know more about swap file refer:
https://brainly.com/question/9759643
#SPJ4
can value 9 represented in excess 8 notation?
Negative numbers are listed below it while positive numbers are listed above it. The pattern for eight is represented by the value zero in excess 8 notation.
What does life have worth?Your truly value you hold dear in terms of how you live and do business. They should serve as the foundation for your priorities, and you probably use them to determine if your life is heading in the right way.
Why are values crucial?Our behaviors, words, and ideas are influenced by our values. Our beliefs are important because they support our personal growth. They aid us in constructing the future we desire. Every person and every organization participates in
To know more about value visit:
https://brainly.com/question/10416781
#SPJ1
Complete the function to determine which variable in a dataframe has the highest absolute correlation with a specified column. 1 import pandas as pd 2 def find_highest_correlated(df, column): 3 ## Write your code here... 5 solution=None 6 return solution 8 \#\#\# Click 'Run' to execute test case 9 test_case = find_highest_correlated(hr_df, 'left')
The solution is def find_highest_correlated(df, column): corr_list = df.corr()[column].abs().sort_values(ascending=False) solution = corr_list.index[1] return solution.
How to determine the function which variable in a dataframe has the highest absolute correlation ?1. Calculate the correlation coefficient between each variable in the dataframe.
2. Take the absolute value of each correlation coefficient.
3. Sort the absolute values in descending order.
4. The variable with the highest absolute correlation is the one at the top of the list.
5. The function of this variable can be determined by looking at the correlation coefficient sign. If the sign is positive, the function of the variable is positively correlated with the other variables. If the sign is negative, the function of the variable is negatively correlated with the other variables.
# Write your code here...
corr_df = df.corr()
solution = corr_df[column].abs().sort_values(ascending=False).index[1]
return solution
To learn more about dataframe refer to:
https://brainly.com/question/29682397
#SPJ4
Recall that a contiguous subarray is all of the elements in an array between indices
i
and
j
, inclusive (and if
j
we define it to be the empty array). Call a subarray is nearly contiguous if it is contiguous (i.e. contains all elements between indices
i
and
j
for some
i,j
) or if it contains all but one of the elements between
i
and
j
. For example, in the array
[0,1,2,3,4]
, -
[0,2,3]
is nearly contiguous (from 0 to 3 , skipping 1 ), sum is 5 -
[0,1,2,3]
is nearly contiguous (because it is contiguous from 0 to 3 ), sum is 6 . -
[2,4]
is nearly contiguous (from 2 to 4 , skipping 3 ), sum is 6 . - [3] is nearly contiguous (because it is contiguous from 3 to 3 ), sum is 3 . - [] is nearly contiguous (because it is contiguous from 1 to 0 ), sum is 0 . -
[0,2,4]
is not nearly contiguous (because you'd have to remove two elements). The sum of a nearly contiguous subarray is the sum of the included elements. Given int [] A, your task is to return the maximum sum of a nearly contiguous subarray. For example, on input
[10,9,−3,4,−100,−20,15,−5,9]
your algorithm should return 24 (corresponding to
i=
6,j=8
and skipping the
−5
). (a) Define one or more recurrences to solve this problem. (b) Give English descriptions (1-2 sentences each should suffice) for what your recurrences calculate. Be sure to mention what any parameter(s) mean. (c) How do you caclulate your final overall answer (e.g. what parameters input to which of your recurrences do you check). (d) What memoization structure(s) would you use? (e) What would the running time of your algorithm be (you do not have to write the code). Justify in 1-3 sentences.
(a) One possible recurrence to solve this problem is:
Let f(i, j) be the maximum sum of a nearly contiguous subarray ending at index j and starting at index i or before.
Then the recurrence can be written as:
f(i, j) = max(f(i, j-1), f(i, j-2) + A[j])
This recurrence calculates the maximum sum of a nearly contiguous subarray ending at index j and starting at index i or before by considering two possibilities:
The subarray does not include the element at index j. In this case, the maximum sum is the same as the maximum sum ending at index j-1.
The subarray includes the element at index j, but skips the element at index j-1. In this case, the maximum sum is the sum of the elements ending at index j-2 plus the element at index j.
(b) Another possible recurrence to solve this problem is:
Let g(i, j) be the maximum sum of a contiguous subarray ending at index j and starting at index i or before.
Then the recurrence can be written as:
g(i, j) = max(g(i, j-1) + A[j], A[j])
This recurrence calculates the maximum sum of a contiguous subarray ending at index j and starting at index i or before by considering two possibilities:
The maximum sum of the subarray includes the element at index j. In this case, the maximum sum is the sum of the maximum sum ending at index j-1 plus the element at index j.
The maximum sum of the subarray does not include the element at index j. In this case, the maximum sum is simply the element at index j.
(c) To calculate the final overall answer, we can input the values 0 and n-1 into both recurrences, where n is the length of the array A. This will give us the maximum sum of a nearly contiguous subarray that starts at the beginning of the array and ends at the end of the array.
(d) To implement these recurrences using memoization, we can use a two-dimensional array to store the calculated values of f and g. The array can be initialized with values of 0 for all indices, and then we can fill in the values starting from the bottom right corner and working our way towards the top left corner.
(e) The running time of this algorithm would be O(n^2), because we need to calculate the values of f and g for every possible pair of indices i and j. This requires O(n^2) time in the worst case.
cryptographic hash fuctions generally executes faster in software then convential encryption algorrithms such as des
Software often runs cryptographic hash functions more quickly than traditional encryption algorithms like DES. This claim is untrue.
What are hash functions used in cryptography?A cryptographic hash function (CHF) is a hash algorithm that has unique characteristics that make it useful for cryptography. It maps any binary string to a binary string with a predefined size of n bits.
What is an algorithm for encryption?A mathematical technique known as an encryption algorithm transforms plaintext into ciphertext with the aid of a key. They also enable the process to be reversed, turning plaintext back into ciphertext. Examples of popular encryption methods include RSA, Blowfish, Twofish, DES, and Triple DES.
To learn more about encryption visit:
brainly.com/question/17017885
#SPJ4
look and clook differ from scan and cscan in that they examine the queue of requests and move the head to the nearest track request first. T/F
False. Unlike scan and cscan, look and clook scan the queue of requests instead of moving the head to the nearest track request first.
What distinguishes the look and Clook algorithms?scheduling technique for C-LOOK disk. The head fulfills the last request in one direction, then jumps in the opposite direction to advance toward the remaining requests, fulfilling them in the same manner as previously. It satisfies requests just in one direction, unlike LOOK.
How do SCAN and Cscan vary from one another?A longer waiting period is offered when requesting locations using the SCAN Algorithm. In comparison to the elevator algorithm, the C-SCAN algorithm offers uniform waiting times when seeking locations.
To know more about queue requests visit :-
https://brainly.com/question/15351801
#SPJ4
An example of a digital data structure that originates in a field based model of spatial information
An example of a digital data structure that originates in a field based model of spatial information raster.
What is digital data structure?Overall, databases and data structures are two methods of data organization. The key distinction between a database and a data structure is that a database is a collection of data that is maintained in permanent memory, whereas a data structure is a method of effectively storing and organizing data in temporary memory. The organization of data in secondary storage devices into file structures reduces access times and storage requirements. A file structure consists of procedures for accessing the data and representations for the data contained in files. The ability to read, write, and alter data is provided by a file structure.A raster graphic is a representation of a two-dimensional image in computer graphics and digital photography that can be viewed on paper, a computer display, or another display medium.
To learn more about digital data structure refer to:
https://brainly.com/question/24268720
#SPJ4
What is the term for words having different meanings and outcomes based on their capitalization within the Python language?
truecasing...................
Truecasing is the term for words having different meanings and outcomes based on their capitalization within the Python language.
What is Python language?Python is a popular computer programming language used to create software and websites, automate processes, and analyze data.
Python is a general-purpose language, which means it may be used to make many various types of applications and isn't tailored for any particular issues.
Python is used for data analytics, machine learning, and even design in addition to web and software development.
Python's capitalization() function copies the original string and changes the first character to an uppercase capital letter while leaving the rest of the characters in lowercase.
The NLP challenge of truecasing involves determining the appropriate capitalization of words in a text in the absence of such information.
Thus, the answer is truecasing.
For more details regarding python, visit:
https://brainly.com/question/18502436
#SPJ2
transmission often is called fixed wireless. group of answer choices microwave infrared coax fiber-optic
Signals are sent from one microwave station to another during microwave transmission, also known as fixed wireless (shown in Figure 8-1 on page 296). A dial-up modem cannot send data as quickly as a microwave, which can do it up to 4,500 times quicker.
Which alternative name for transmission data is appropriate?
It makes it possible for devices to move between and communicate with one another in point-to-point, point-to-multipoint, and multipoint-to-multipoint environments. Digital communications and transmission of data are other names for these processes.
Is fiber-optic fixed-wireless?
Internet access using fixed wireless is frequently used in rural areas and other places without fiber-optic infrastructure. Although portable and mobile systems can be employed in fixed sites, their efficiency and bandwidth are limited in comparison to stationary systems.
To know more about fixed wireless visit;
https://brainly.com/question/13010901
#SPJ4
Windows Network Diagnostics, a GUI tool included with Windows 7 and Windows 8.x, will diagnose a network problem and instruct you on how to solve the problem. True or False
A GUI application called Windows Network Diagnostics that comes with Windows 7 and Windows 8.x will diagnose a network issue and provide you instructions on how to fix it. The assertion is accurate.
What is the purpose of GUI?
Choice points will be shown to the user that are easy to spot, understand, and utilize. In other words, GUI makes it possible for you to control your device using a mouse, a pen, or even your finger. GUI was created because text command-line interfaces were convoluted and difficult to comprehend.
What GUI examples are there?
Computer monitors, mobile devices like smartphones and tablets, and gaming consoles are a few examples of GUIs. The software on the gadget continuously scans the screen to ascertain where and how the pointing devices are moving.
To know more about GUI tool visit:
https://brainly.com/question/10729185
#SPJ4
