Choose a strategy to clone genes known only by a mutant phenotype in organisms with highly efficient transformation procedures and relatively small genomes.

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

By combining traditional genetic mapping with whole-genome sequencing (next-generation sequencing)

Explanation:

Map-based cloning, also named positional cloning, is a technique used to identify genetic sequences linked to markers whose exact physical localization in the genome is known. Map-based cloning has shown to be useful to clone genes, however, this approach is limited to the existence of mutant phenotypes in different organisms/accessions/strains. In recent years, map-based cloning has been combined with next-generation sequencing methodologies in order to clone genes in background of single mutants without information on multiple organisms. This type of strategy has the potential for identifying causal mutations and thus clone genes in species with small genomes and high transformation efficiencies such as, for example, Arabidopsis thaliana.


Related Questions

What is better sexual or asexual? Reproductive

Answers

Answer:

to reproduce sexual is better

Explanation:

i think if your asexual you don't feel attraction so you probably wont have intercourse and not reproduce whereas if your sexual you will

Answer:

tough question

Explanation: asexual is a broad broad broad spectrum some people who are ace are willing to have intercourse just wont find pleasure in it or some people are willing to have intercourse every once in a while or when they feel like it so technically ace people can reproduce just probably more likely that they wont but the question is also probably not the best because not all ace people are the same

Squamous cells specialize in what function? A) the secretion of enzymes B) diffusion of gasses C) the absorption of nutrients D) none of the above

Answers

Answer:

The abosbton of nutrients

If the two chromosomes of a homologous pair carry the same allele for a particular gene, the individual is said to be:_____.

Answers

Answer

H0m0zygous

Explanation

The answer to the question is in the attachment. Please open the attachment

A container on the counter labeled "ground beel" is not properly date marked. The cook tells the Person in charge (PIC) that it was
prepared recently. The Person in charge (PIC) should
Ouke the ground beer in temperature is alr(**) or lower
O ada the ground beer to chilor Noup.
O discard the ground beer
O use the ground beef on pizza prepared for immediate service.

Answers

Answer:

Correct Answer:

O discard the ground beer

Explanation:

When it comes to anything edible whether food or drink, safety and precaution is always taken. This is to prevent poisoning when an expired or harmful food or drink is taken. In the case of the undated "ground beer" on the counter, the best action would be to discard it entirely.

In the given case, The Person in charge (PIC) should -  discard the ground beer

All foods that require time and temperature control (TCS) should be labeled with the following:

Common name of the food Date the food was made.Use by date.Date marking is a process assuring the food is discarded before these bacteria can cause foodborne illness.anything edible whether food or drink, safety and precaution is always taken.If something not marked properly should be discardedprevent poisoning when an expired or harmful food or drink is taken.

Thus, In the case of the undated "ground beer" on the counter, the best action would be to discard it entirely.

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Your town is considering building a bridge across a large lake. Much of the town's drinking water comes from this lake. Before
they make a decision, they hire a team of scientists to investigate the impact of building this bridge. Which statement best
describes why this study is important?
The project will stimulate the town's economy by providing many employment opportunities for the town's residents.

There will be many people opposed to the bridge project, and the study will provide results that will persuade them to
change their minds.

The study will provide the potential risks and benefits of the project and help the town make an informed decision.

If there is a problem after the bridge is built, the town can use the study to impose a fine against the scientists who
conducted the study.

Answers

Answer:

C. The study will provide the potential risks and benefits of the project and help the town make an informed decision.

Explanation:

Answer:

c is the anwser

Explanation:

I took the test

Which submersible vessel has been used deep-sea research

Answers

Answer:

The challenger

Explanation:

Used to explore the south pacific, mainly the Mariana trench

Answer:

Which submersible has been used for deep sea research? Alvin Alvin (DSV-2) is a crewed deep-ocean research submersible owned by the United States Navy and operated by the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) in Woods Hole, Massachusetts.

Explanation:

Describe the transport properties of the loop of Henle and explain the interactions between the ascending and descending limbs

Answers

Answer:

The loop of henle is a part of the renal functional unit.

This handle has an ascending part and a descending part.

In the descending loop, the urine that is formed inside enters a hypotonia, since a large amount of water is absorbed and the concentrations of solutes in the urine decrease, thus generating a hypoosmolar solution, that is, with less molarity.

In the ascending loop of henle, the opposite arises, ionic channels appear that increase the concentration of solutes, this is how the urine that runs through the interior of the ascending loop of henle becomes hyperosmolar.

Hyperosmolarity is the increase in concentrations of solutes, and the increase in molarity of the solution, which in this case would be urine.

Explanation:

A very important fact is that urea is absorbed in the ascending henle loop.

The ____ ring is built onto ribose-5-phosphate of PRPP for its de-novo nucleotide biosynthesis, while the ring structure of the ______ bases are synthesized separately and then coupled to ribose-5-phosphate via the C-N glycosidic bond.

Answers

Answer:

The purine ring is built onto ribose-5-phosphate of PRPP for its de-novo nucleotide biosynthesis, while the ring structure of the pyrimidine bases are synthesized separately and then coupled to ribose-5-phosphate via the C-N glycosidic bond.

Explanation:

In the de novo synthesis of nucleotides, their metabolic precursors such as aminoacids, ribose-5-phosphate, CO₂ and NH₃ are used as starting materials.

In purine  nucleotide synthesis, the ring structure is built up on ribose-5-phosphate of PRPP by addition of one or a few atoms one at a time starting with the amino group donated by glutamine until the first intermediate inosinate is synthesized.

In pyrimidine ring synthesis, orotate is first synthesized from carbamoyl phosphate and aspartate, and then is attached to ribose-5-phosphate of PRPP, before it is then converted to the common pyrimidine nucleotides starting from uridylate.

Which element would you expect to have a higher electronegativity than nitrogen (N)?
O Fluorine (F)
Cesium (Cs)
O Boron (B)
O Phosphorous (P)

Answers

Answer:

flourine ( F)

Explanation:

flourine has higher electronegativity than nitrogen (N)

Fluorine (F) because of the electronegativity of atoms to increase

#1 Multiple choice: A. The highest temperatures are on land B. High ocean temperatures form a band in the tropics and subtropics that does not everywhere follow the equator C. Temperatures generally are higher on land than over adjacent oceans D. All of these are valid

Answers

Answer:

d all of these are valid generalizations

In a laboratory experiment with three groups of students, one group drinks pure water, a second group drinks an equal amount of beer, and a third group drinks an equal amount of concentrated salt solution, all during the same time period. Their urine production is monitored for several hours. Which groups are expected to have the greatest and least amounts of urine, respectively

Answers

Answer:

beer is the greatest and salt solution would be least

Explanation:

Which of the circumstances below most accurately describes conditions that are likely to permit a robust anti-tumor adaptive immune response?

a. A tumor with high expression of proteins that have mutations in sequences encoding HLA-binding peptides.
b. A robust acute inflammatory response to PAMPs expressed specifically by tumor cells.
c. Anti-tumor T lymphocytes that have high expression of CTLA-4.
d. A tumor with high expression of PD-L1.

Answers

Did you ever figure out the answer to this question?

The study of PAMP-DAMP complexes is vital to the advancement of knowledge regarding inflammatory disorders in general and cancer in particular. Therefore, option (B) is correct.

What is PAMP-DAMP complexes?

Increasing evidence links inflammation to cancer, and at the root of inflammation are PAMPs and DAMPs (DAMPs). Microorganisms contain PAMPs, which are detected by pattern recognition receptors on monocytes and DCs (PRRs). PRR activation produces pro-inflammatory cytokines.

A robust immune response requires endogenous chemicals that pose 'risk' to self-tissues and are created by injured or stressed cells; these are DAMPs, which also trigger inflammation. PAMPs and DAMPs each have about 100 receptors. PAMPs and DAMPs interact; a PRR can bind to both. In this system, PAMPs and DAMPs affect each other's activation threshold. Thus, PAMP-DAMP relationships describe inflammation in a predictable 'inflammatory code'

PAMP-DAMP complexes are key to understanding inflammatory disorders and cancer.

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how gravity plays a role in the parts of the water cycle shown in this model.

Answers

Answer:

look dear i will explain

Explanation: It pulls precipitation down from clouds and pulls water down hill . gravity also moves air and ocean water. Gravity pulls denser air and water downwards,forcing less dense air and water o move upwards.

okay hope it works

Hit like

Answer:

Gravity causes precipitation in the clouds to fall to Earth. On the ground, gravity influences surface runoff, as water travels from higher to lower elevations. Gravity also influences groundwater because it pulls elements toward the center of Earth. Water, under the influence of gravity, seeps into the ground to form groundwater.

Explanation:

there u go guys thats the sample answer but change it up please. have a good day

which of the following would differ if you compared the same reaction taking place with and without an enzyme

a. the chemical energy of the reactants
b. the chemical change of the product
c. the energy required to the reaction

Answers

Answer:

The correct answer is - option C.

Explanation:

Chemical energy is the energy that every substance or chemical have and its not affected by the presence or absence of the enzyme, while the activation energy is the required energy to initiate for a chemical reaction. If the energy of the chemical reaction is less than the activation energy reaction will not take place.

Presence of a enzyme lowers the amount of the energy for the initiating the reaction which is activation energy and the chemical reaction takes place.

Thus, the correct answer is - option C.

You decide to focus first on Mutation 1 and Mutation 2.
The F' plasmid appears to "rescue" mutant strain 1 by restoring wild-type inducible expression.
The F' plasmid does not change the phenotype of mutant strain 2; there is still no expression of the lac operon.
There are three possible mutations that could lead to lack of expression: a super-repressor (Is), a promoter mutation (P-) or a mutation in the lacZ gene (Z- ). To determine the effect of introducing a wild-type F' plasmid into a bacterial cell with each of these mutations, you draw out the three possible scenarios.
F' l+ cap+
Determine the expression of the lac operon for each possible partial diploid and for the "unknown" mutation partial diploids (Mutation 1 and Mutation 2).
1. F' lac+/ ts
2. F' lac+/ P
3. F' lac+/ Z
4. F' lac+/ Mutation 1
5. F lac+/ Mutation 2
A. Inducible (wild type)
B. No expression (mutant)

Answers

Answer:

Super-repressor (Is) - Uninducible dominant

Binding region is modified by the protein called repressor which prevents the lactose to bind with it. Thus, even the lactose is present the repressor protein is bound to the promoter and can not be detach from it. Transcription is not inducible.

Promoter mutation (P)- - Uninducible recessive

Mutated promoter region inhibits the binding of RNA polymerase that leads to trranscription.

The lacZ gene ( Z-) is mutated - recessive while the normal LacZ gene (Z +) -  dominant .

                   Inducible (Wild type)        No expression (Mutant)

F' lac+/ Is             No                                Yes

F' lac + / P-            Yes                                 No

F' lac + / Z-            Yes                                 No

F' lac +/ Mutation1     Yes                                 No

F' lac+ / Mutation2      No                                 Yes

Mutation 1 and F' plasmid - Inducible wild type

Mutation 2 and F' plasmid - Mutant no expression

g Cell autonomous genes affect only those cells in which they are expressed. Which group of early developmental genes are not cell autonomous?

Answers

Answer:

The options are not given..

Here are the options.

A. segment polarity genes

B. gap genes

C. coordinate genes

D. homeotic genes

The correct option is A.

segment polarity genes

Explanation:

Segment polarity genes is a group of early developmental genes that are not cell autonomous because their expression helps to define anterior and posterior polarities within each embryonic parasegment. They are the genes that help to function for the polarity within each parasegment of the embryo

The data shown above is a life table for the female Belding ground squirrel in the Sierra Nevada
Mountains.
Calculate the mortality rate (per thousand) between the ages of 1-2.
You must show your work in order to receive credit for your answer!

Answers

Answer:

377

Explanation:

you plus 252and 125 together and you will get 377

Applying ACh to the small intestine will cause a smooth muscle ______, which is through activation of ______ receptors.

Answers

Answer:

The correct answer is -  Excitation; and Gi receptors.

Explanation:

ACh or acetylcholine is a secondary messenger that cause excitation by propagate the signal to the muscles from neurons. It is helps in transport the signal from the motor neurons to the muscles.

ACh release from the parasympathetic neurons and can directly excitation to the smooth muscle by binding to the Gi receptors or muscarinic receptors and activate them for excitation and contraction.

Thus, the correct answer is - Excitation; and Gi receptors.

Explain how deforestion can lead to water pollution.
Hello I am new here can help.Thanks​

Answers

Answer:

Although loss of forest cover can increase runoff, the increased runoff can accelerate soil erosion and increase the sediment load and turbidity of water sources, thus decreasing the water quality.

Explanation:

Explanation:

although loss of forest cover can increase runoff the increased runoff can accelerate soil erosion and increase the sediment load and turbidity of water source does decreasing the water

To study the fate of carbon during glycolysis under aerobic conditions, cultured cells are fed with 14C-glucose labeled in various positions. You use a radiolabeled form of glucose where the radioactive 14C occupies position 1. Which of the following is correct?a. The carboxyl group of acetyl-CoA and CO2 become radiolabeledb. The methyl group of acetyl CoA and CO2 become radiolabeledc. The carbonyl group of acetyl-CoA becomes radiolabeledd. The methyl group of acetyl CoA becomes radiolabelede. CO2 becomes radiolabeledf. I don’t have enough information to conclude

Answers

Answer:

D. The methyl group of acetyl CoA becomes radio-labeled

Explanation:

During the steps in glycolysis, the carbon at position 1, becomes C-1 in dihydroxyacetone phosphate during the cleavage of fructose-1,6-bisphosphate to dihydroxyacetone phosphate and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate. Subsequently on isomerization of dihydroxyacetone phosphate to glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate, C-1 of dihydroxyacetone phosphate becomes C-3 of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate.

Furthermore, in pyruvate, the end product of glycolysis, C-3 is converted to a methyl group which then becomes the methyl group in the acetyl-CoA molecule produced from the oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate.

Since the radioactive 14-C of radio-labeled glucose occupies position 1, it will become the methyl group of acetyl-CoA.

Carbon first enters the food web in Multiple Choice humans. vertebrates. invertebrates. green plants. soil bacteria

Answers

Answer:

Green Plants

Explanation:

Carbon enters all food webs, both terrestrial and aquatic, through autotrophs, or self-feeders.

During cellular movement which filaments will be the ones that are responsible for attaching and pulling the other filaments along?

Answers

Answer:

Myosin

Explanation:

Myosin are the major components of both muscle and non muscle cells in striated muscles which is responsible for contraction or movement that convert chemical energy (ATP) into mechanical work thereby generating force and movement.

During cellular movement , myosin filament will be the ones that are responsible for attaching and pulling the other filaments along because Myosin binds to actin at a binding site on the globular actin protein,it also have ATP binding sites which hydrolyses ADP to ATP , ATP binding causes myosin to release actin, which make actin and myosin to detach from each other thereby causing attachment and contraction of other filaments

Tissue found in leaf stalks below the epidermis is________.

Answers

Collenchyma.

Explaination

Collenchyma is the tissue found below the epidermis of a leaf stalk. These are simple permanent tissue, perform photosynthesis when chloroplast is present.

The tissue below the epidermis of a leaf stalk is Collenchyma.
Collenchyma tissue is composed by elongated living cells of uneven primary thick walls, which possess hemicellulose, cellulose, and pectic materials. It provides support, structure, mechanical strength, and flexibility to the petiole, leaf veins, and stem of young plants, allowing for easy bending without breakage.

o help create these gradients, there are a series of capillaries, branching from the peritubular capillaries and associated with the loop of Henle, collectively called the

Answers

Answer:

Vasa recta.

Explanation:

Vasa recta are a group of capillaries, branching from the peritubular capillaries and moves parallel with the loop of Henle. Vasa recta is responsible for the supply of blood to renal medulla in order to purify the blood from the waste materials such as salts, excess water and nitrogenous waste etc. Due to its movement with the loop of Henle, it slows down the blood flow which helps in the re-absorption of water.

All the living organisms in an area and the non-living components of the environment with which they interact is termed a(n):

Answers

Answer:

Ecosystem

Explanation:

An ecosystem can be described simply as the collection of all living and non-living components in a particular area. The living components of the environment are known as biotic factors. Biotic factors include plants, animals, and micro-organisms.

Galactosemia is a metabolic disorder characterized by the inability to metabolize the sugar galactose. People with galactosemia suffer from liver, kidney, and brain damage among other symptoms. A gene mutation underlying galactosemia was identified by sequencing the genome of a person with galactosemia. What additional evidence would support the hypothesis that the mutation in the candidate gene causes the disease

Answers

Answer:

Genetic mapping for unequivocal identification of the potentially causative mutation  

Explanation:

Galactosemia is a genetic disorder caused by mutations in the Galactose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase (GALT) gene, which encodes an enzyme involved in the metabolism of galactose. Gene mapping is a technique widely used in genetics to identify the position of one locus a chromosome by using molecular markers to estimate genetic distances. Genetic mapping provides useful evidence in order to identify when a disease that is transmitted from parent to offspring can be associated with one or more genes and then determine which gene/s is/are responsible for this condition.

Identical twins are formed from one fertilized egg, but fraternal twins form from two different fertilized eggs. Apply your knowledge of mitosis and meiosis to explain the genetic differences between identical and fraternal twins.

Answers

Answer:

Identical twins share the exact same DNA while fraternal twins do not.

Explanation:

Mitosis is the type of cell division that results in 2 individual cells that have the exact genetic material.

Meiosis is the division of reproductive cells, eggs and sperms, which results in new cells with half the amount of genetic material and that makes them unique.

Identical twins are twins developed from a single egg that has been fertilized with a single sperm, meaning they have the same DNA.

Fraternal twins are twins from two different eggs that have been fertilized by two different sperms and grow in the womb at the same time with no additional cell division. So they have different DNA's.

I hope this answer helps.

The formation of fraternal twins takes place when the female generates two eggs and identical twins takes place when the female generates one egg and the zygote divides into two spontaneously.  

• In identical twins case, the zygote goes through cleavage, that is, cell division by mitosis, when embryo is at the stage of two cell.  

• The separation of two blastomeres may take place and then each act as an independent zygote.  

• This each dissociated blastomere give rise to a novel independent individual.  

• The production of both the organisms takes place due to mitosis, thus, both would possess identical genetic makeup and are known as identical twins.  

Identical twins would be either males or would be either females.  

• In case of fraternal twins, the female generates more than one eggs. And all the eggs get fertilized independently by the sperm.  

• Thus, formation of two or more zygotes takes place, and each zygote give rise to new offspring.  

• These offsprings possess distinct genetic combinations, and such offspring are known as fraternal twins.  

• They are produced sexually, and fraternal twins can possess different genders as they do not possess similar genetic recombination.  

Thus, identical twins is formed from one egg and the zygote gets divide into two, while fraternal twins formation takes place when two eggs are generated by the female.

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g Riboswitch is a mechanism of gene activity regulation by mRNA conformation. Riboswitch can regulate ______.

Answers

Answer: c. both transcription and translation

Explanation:

Riboswitchs are mRNA elements that influence the activity of genes certain genes by regulating same and are found in other organisms apart from humans such as bacteria, plants and fungi.

They regulate activity by binding to specific small molecules known as ligands thus causing a structural rearrangement that enables either transcription or translation to be modulated in the gene.

PLS ANYONE IT'S URGENT Explain eubacteria ?

Answers

Eubacteria, or “true” bacteria, are single-celled prokaryotic microorganisms that have a range of characteristics and are found in various conditions throughout all parts of the world.

Answer:

Eubacteria are PROKARYOTIC organisms characterized by the lack of membrane and have peptidoglycan on cell wall when present.

Explanation:

They include most of the familiar bacteria such as E.

Hope it helps.

function of carbohydrates​

Answers

The main function of carbohydrates is to provide your body with energy. Carbohydrates are one of three macronutrients in our diet the other two being fat and protein. Carbohydrates are digested and broken down into glucose which than is used to produce ATP in your bodies cells through cellular respiration. Then your cells use it to fuel your body so it can use that energy.

Answer:

Alongside fat and protein, carbohydrates are one of the three macronutrients in our diet with their main function being to provide energy to the body. They occur in many different forms, like sugars and dietary fiber, and in many different foods, such as whole grains, fruit and vegetables.

Explanation:

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Which two continents have the most similar climates? Care Foundation is a voluntary health and welfare organization funded by contributions from the general public. In its Statement of Activities, the annual provision for depreciation should: Question 12 :A user complains that his computer is taking a long time to boot. During the boot process, you observe that the hard drive activity light is staying on. You discover that the hard drive is nearing its maximum capacity. The computer contains a single 150 GB hard drive. What should you do I NEED HELP ON THE PROBLEM!!! I WILL GIVE BRAINLIEST TO THE BEST ANSWER!!!!! Is it appropriate to send an email and call the individual the same day to ask if they have received your email? Select the correct answer from each drop-down menu.Which event creates the first 'lub' sound and the second heart sound or 'dub' sound? Laura: Hoy voy al mercado. Quiero comprar unos muebles para mi casa. Tengo 200.000 mil francos. Miguel: Tienes un presupuesto? Laura: No. Miguel: T escribes cunto dinero tienes y cunto cuestan los muebles dentro within de tu presupuesto. Laura: La mesa cuesta 80.000, las sillas cuentan 40.000 y la cama cuesta 80.000 francos. No puedo comprar el escritorio, cuesta 20.000 francos. The main idea of this dialogue is ________. the need to correct a document the need to complete a budget the need to decide some prices the need to bargain a purchase What is the best directional term that describes the relationship between the fibula to the tibia? (MA 3.1, SM 1.2)A. Inferior.B. MedialC. Laterald. Superior why is it necessary yo separate oxgynated and deoxgynated blood in livng oranisum Need help will give good rating. Please please please please help What do you think that David would have predictedbased on his hypothesis? (Set it up as an IFTHEN statement) Using the FOIL method, find the product of x - 2 and x - 3 . Which of the following gulfs are in Southeast Asia? A. the Gulf of Aden and the Gulf of Bahrain B. the Gulf of Mexico and the Gulf of California C. the Gulf of Thailand and the Gulf of Tonkin D. the Gulf of Suez and the Gulf of Oman Explain the accommodation sector of the hospitality industry 1 person = 40 min = 1 bag, 4 person = ? min = 1575 bags In trying to understand the evacuation of the World Trade Center when it was first bombed in 1993, B. E. Aguirre, Dennis Wenger, and Gabriela Vigo argue that the more "the search for meaning in the milling process focuses upon defining the situation as serious, the quicker should be the mobilization of people and the initiation of collective behavior." What type of theory are they using to make this prediction? What does it mean for a government to have a bicameral legislature? if the fed sells $2 million of bonds to the First National bank, what happens to reserves and the monetary base The velocities of light in air and glass are 3.0 x 10^8ms and 2.010^8ms respectively. If the angle of refraction is 30, the sine of the angle of incidence is?Pls help