Answer and Explanation:
The computation is shown below:
Contribution Margin for Bat
= $50 - $50
= $0
Contribution Margin for Gloves = $100 - $80
= $20
Now
Overall Contribution Margin = (0 ×70%) + ($20 × 30%)
= $0 + $6
= $6
Now
A. Break even sales = Fixed cost ÷ contribution margin
= $57,000 ÷ $6
= 9,500
B.Baseball bats = 9,500 × 70% =6,650
Baseball Gloves = 9,500 × 30% = 2,850
Dobles Corporation has provided the following data from its activity-based costing system:
Activity Cost Pool Total Cost Total Activity
Assembly $228,060 18,000 mahcine hours
Processing orders $34,068 1200 orders
Inspection $125560 1720 inspection hours
The company makes 420 units of product D28K a year, requiring a total of 460 machine-hours, 80 orders, and 10 inspection-hours per year. The product's direct materials cost is $48.96 per unit and its direct labor cost is $25.36 per unit.
According to the activity-based costing system, the unit product cost of product D28K is closest to:
a. $95.34 per unit
b. $93.60 per unit
c. $74.32 per unit
d. $89.93 per unit
Answer:
Hence the correct option is option (a) i.e. $95.34 per unit.
Explanation:
Cost of 420 units of D28K product = 460 machine hour cost + 80 order cost + 10 inspection hour cost + 420 direct materials cost + 420 direct labor cost.
18000 machine hours = 228060
so 460 machine hours = 228060 x 460 /18000 = 5828.2
1200 orders = 34068
80 orders = 80 x 34068 / 1200 = 2271.2
1720 inspection hours = 125560
10 inspection hours = 10 x 125560/1720 = 730
So cost of 420 units of D28 products = 5828.2 + 2271.2 + 730 + 420 x 48.96 + 420 x 25.36
=40043.8
So cost of 1 D28K product = 40043.8 / 420 = 95.34
Question 4
Which of the following is an example of an asset?
O Repairs and Maintenance
Accounts Receivable
o
o Accounts Payable
GST Collected
Answer:
Accounts Receivable
Explanation:
Everything else is a liability
Pick the correct statement related to net working capital from below. Multiple Choice Net working capital can be ignored in project analysis because any expenditure is normally recouped at the end of the project. Net working capital requirements, such as an increase in accounts receivable, create a cash inflow at the beginning of a project. Net working capital is rarely affected when a new product is introduced. Net working capital can create either an initial cash inflow or outflow. Net working capital is the only expenditure where at least a partial recovery can be made at the end of a project.
Answer:
Net working capital is the only expenditure where at least a partial recovery can be made at the end of a project.
Explanation:
Net working capital is the difference between current assets and current liabilities. Net working capital measures a company's liquidity.
In project analysis, net working capital is part of the cost. It is usually subtracted from cash inflows.
Net working capital is a cash outflow.
Net working capital is the only expenditure where at least a partial recovery can be made at the end of a project.
The three goals of executive compensation are to align management’s interest with the shareholders, to keep management from leaving in bad times, and to refrain from giving too much of shareholder profits to management.
a. True
b. False
Because of the compounding effect:
a. large yearly growth rates are needed to achieve sustained growth.
b. large yearly growth rates are needed to achieve sustained growth.
c. small changes in economic growth rate lead to large GDP changes over time.
d. small changes in economic growth rate lead to large GDP changes over time.
e. interest compounding allow the economy to grow faster.
Answer: c. small changes in economic growth rate lead to large GDP changes over time.
Explanation:
If there is even a small change in the rate at which the economy is growing, this increase will increase by even more the year afterward and then even more as time goes on. This is because the interest is being compounded overtime.
Look at the future value formula that shows compounding for instance:
Future value = Amount * (1 + rate) ^ number of periods
Assume even a change of 2% in the growth rate. In 30 years, this rate would have increased the economy by:
= 1 * ( 1 + 2%)³⁰
= 1.81
Which is a rate of:
= 1.81 - 1
= 81%
What started off as only 2% became 81% in 30 years. This is what compounding does.
Superior has provided the following information for its recent year of operation: The common stock account balance at the beginning of the year was $12,000 and the year-end balance was $16,000. The additional paid-in capital account balance increased $3,700 during the year. The retained earnings balance at the beginning of the year was $70,000 and the year-end balance was $91,000. Net income was $38,000. How much were Superior's dividend declarations during its recent year of operation
Answer: $22000
Explanation:
The amount of Superior's dividend declarations during its recent year of operation will be calculated thus:
Ending retained earnings ($91000) = Beginning retained earnings ($75000) + Net income ($38000) - Dividend declared
$91000 = $113000 - Dividend declared
Dividend declared = $113000 - $91000
Dividend declared = $22000
Therefore, Superior's dividend declarations during its recent year of operation is $22000
Brian lives in San Francisco and runs a business that sells guitars. In an average year, he receives $704,000 from selling guitars. Of this sales revenue, he must pay the manufacturer a wholesale cost of $404,000; he also pays wages and utility bills totaling $286,000. He owns his showroom; if he chooses to rent it out, he will receive $3,000 in rent per year. Assume that the value of this showroom does not depreciate over the year. Also, if Brian does not operate this guitar business, he can work as an accountant, receive an annual salary of $20,000 with no additional monetary costs, and rent out his showroom at the $3,000 per year rate. No other costs are incurred in running this guitar business.
Identify each of Jake's costs in the following table as either an implicit cost or an explicit cost of selling guitars.
Implicit Cost Explicit Cost
The wholesale cost for the guitars that Charles pays
the manufacturer.
The wages and utility bills that Charles pays.
The salary Charles could earn if he worked as an accountant.
The rental income Charles could receive if he chose to rent
out his showroom .
Complete the following table by determining Jake's accounting and economic profit of his guitar business.
Profit (Dollars)
Accounting Profit
Economic Profit
If Jake's goal is to maximize his economic profit, he___stay in the guitar business because the economic profit he would earn as an accountant would be___.
Answer:
The wholesale cost for the guitars that Charles pays the manufacturer - Explicit Cost
The wages and utility bills that Charles pays. - Explicit Cost
The salary Charles could earn if he worked as an accountant. - Implicit Cost
The rental income Charles could receive if he chose to rent
out his showroom - Implicit Cost
$14000
$-9000
should not
$6,000
Explanation:
Accounting profit= total revenue - explicit cost
Total revenue =price x quantity sold
Explicit cost includes the amount expended in running the business.
They include rent , salary and cost of raw materials
$704,000 - ($404,000 + $286,000) = $14000
Economic profit = accounting profit - implicit cost
Implicit cost is the cost of the next best option forgone when one alternative is chosen over other alternatives.
Implicit costs = 20,000 + 3000 = 23,000
14,000 - 23,000 = -9000
price strategy of aquafina
Break-Even Units: Units for Target Profit Jay-Zee Company makes an in-car navigation system. Next year, Jay-Zee plans to sell 16,000 units at a price of $320 each. Product costs include: Direct materials $68
Direct labor $40
Variable overhead $12
Total fixed factory overhead $500,000
Variable selling expense is a commission of 5 percent of price; fixed selling and administrative expenses total $116,400.
Required:
1. Calculate the sales commission per unit sold. Calculate the contribution margin per unit.
2. How many units must Jay-Zee Company sell to break even? Prepare an income statement for the calculated number of units.
3. Calculate the number of units Jay-Zee Company must sell to achieve target operating income (profit) of $333,408.
4. What if the Jay-Zee Company wanted to achieve a target operating income of $322,000? Would the number of units needed increase or decrease compared to your answer in Requirement 3? Compute the number of units needed for the new target operating income.
Answer:
Jay-Zee Company
1. Sales commission per unit sold is:
= $16.
The Contribution margin per unit is:
= $184.
2. Break-even units are:
= 3,350 units
Income Statement for 3,350 units:
Sales revenue $1,072,000 ($320 * 3,350)
Variable cost of goods sold 455,600 ($136 * 3,350)
Contribution margin $616,400 ($184 * 3,350)
Fixed costs:
Factory overhead $500,000
Selling and administrative 116,400
Total fixed costs $616,400
Net operating income $0
3. Units to sell to achieve income of $333,408 are:
= 5,162 units
4. The number of units needed would decrease.
The number of units needed for the new target operating income is:
= 5,100 units.
Explanation:
a) Data and Calculations:
Planned sales unit for the next year = 16,000
Sales price per unit = $320
Product costs:
Direct materials $68
Direct labor $40
Variable overhead $12
Total fixed factory overhead $500,000
Variable selling expense = $16 ($320 * 5%)
Fixed selling and administrative expenses = $116,400
Total variable costs per unit = $136
Contribution margin per unit = $184 ($320 - $136)
Total fixed costs = $616,400 ($500,000 + $116,400)
To break-even, units to sell = $616,400/$184 = 3,350 units
Units to sell to achieve a profit target of $333,408:
= $616,400+ $333,408/$184
= 5,162 units
Units to sell to achieve a profit target of $333,408:
= $616,400+ $322,000/$184
= 5,100 units
Why My LinkedIn Lead Generation Is Failing?
Answer:
Your LinkedIn lead generation is failing due to the following mistakes:
Mistake 1. Not Choosing the Right LinkedIn Automation ToolMistake 2. Sending and Sharing Self-Promotional ContentMistake 3. Not Personalizing ContentMistake 4. Not Segmenting LeadsMistake 5. Not sending Follow-UpsMistake 6. Not Paying Attention To StatsThere are tons of big and small mistakes that marketers make when it comes to LinkedIn lead generation. However, the worst thing is to not learn from those mistakes and keep repeating the mistakes.
Trimble Graphic Design receives $1,500 from a client billed in a previous month for services provided.
Which of the following general journal entries will Trimble Graphic Design make to record this transaction?
a. Cash 1,500
Accounts Receivable 1,500
b. Cash 1,500
Unearned Design Revenue 1,500
c. Accounts Receivable 1,500
Unearned Design Revenue 1,500
d. Cash 1,500
Design Revenue 1,500
e. Accounts Receivable 1,500
Cash 1,500
Answer:
A
Explanation:
Debit Cash 2,200; Credit Accounts Receivable 2,200
provides the following data: 20X920X8 Cash$41,000 $25,000 Accounts Receivable, Net102,000 62,000 Merchandise Inventory72,000 50,000 Property, Plant, and Equipment, Net181,000 120,000 Total Assets$396,000 $257,000 Additional information for the year ending December 31, 20X9: Net Credit Sales$550,000 Cost of Goods Sold150,000 Interest Expense25,000 Net Income181,000 Calculate the rate of return on total assets for 20X9.
Answer:
63.09%
Explanation:
Note Missing question is attached as picture below
Average total assets = (Opening total assets+Closing total assets)/2
Average total assets = ($396,000 + $257,000) / 2
Average total assets = $653,000 / 2
Average total assets = $326,500
Return on total assets = (Net income + Interest expense)/Average total assets
Return on total assets = ($181,000 + $25,000) / $326,500
Return on total assets = $206,000 / $326,500
Return on total assets = 0.6309342
Return on total assets = 63.09%
Sheridan Company just began business and made the following four inventory purchases in June: June 1 144 units $ 952 June 10 184 units 1472 June 15 184 units 1564 June 28 144 units 1296 $ 5284 A physical count of merchandise inventory on June 30 reveals that there are 194 units on hand. Using the FIFO inventory method, the amount allocated to ending inventory for June is
Answer:
$210,688
Explanation:
The LIFO method of accounting for inventory involves issuing the last items purchased first and those purchased first are issued last hence the acronym LIFO which means last in first out
Given that June 1 144 units $ 952 June 10 184 units 1472 June 15 184 units 1564 June 28 144 units 1296 $ 5284 A physical count of merchandise inventory on June 30 reveals that there are 194 units on hand
Total number purchased during the month
= 144 + 184 + 184 + 144
= 656 units
Using the last in first out method, the 194 units left at the end would be made up of the 144 units purchased on June 1 and 50 units purchased on 10 June hence the amount allocated to ending inventory for June is
= 144 * $952 + 50 * $1472
= $210,688
The primary responsibility for establishing and maintaining internal control rests with
А
The controller
В.
The internal auditor
С
The treasurer
D
Management
Answer:
D
Explanation:
Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining internal control to achieve the objectives of effective and efficient operations, reliable financial reporting, and compliance with applicable laws and regulations.
Mahogany Inc. has an unfavorable total labor variance of $770 for the month of September. It had a favorable labor rate variance of $205. Determine the labor efficiency variance of Mahogany for the month of September. g
Answer:
$975 Unfavorable
Explanation:
Calculation to Determine the labor efficiency variance of Mahogany for the month of September
Using this formula
Labor efficiency variance=Unfavorable total labor variance + Favorable labour rate variance
Let plug in the formula
Labor efficiency variance=$770+$205
Labor efficiency variance=$975 Unfavorable
Therefore the labor efficiency variance of Mahogany for the month of September is $975 Unfavorable
All of the following are anticipated effects of a proposed project. Which of these should be considered when computing the cash flow for the final year of the project? Operating cash flow and salvage values only Salvage values and net working capital recovery only Operating cash flow, net working capital recovery, salvage values Net working capital recovery and operating cash flow only Operating cash flow only
Answer: Operating cash flow, net working capital recovery, salvage values
Explanation:
The anticipated effects of a proposed project that should be considered when computing the cash flow for the final year of the project include the operating cash flow, net working capital recovery, and the salvage values.
It should be noted that the operating cash flows which consist of the net income and the non cash expenses with the salvage value and the redemption of working capital are all included during the computation of the cash flow for the final year of the project.
Smith Construction,Inc.just paid a $2.78 dividend.The dividend is expected to grow by 4% each year for the next three years.After that the company will never pay another dividend ever again.If your required return on the stock investment is 10%,what should the stock sell for today?
A) $7.46
B) $28.91
C) $46.33
D) $15.63
Answer:
A) $7.46
Explanation:
The computation of the stock sell for today is given below:
D1 = 2.78 × (1.04)
= 2.89
D2 = 2.89 × (1.04)
= 3.01
D3 = 3.01 × (1.04) = 3.13
Now the price of the stock is
= 2.89 ÷ (1.1) + 3.01 ÷ (1.1)^2 + 3.13 ÷ (1.1)^3
= $7.46
hence, the correct option is a.
The same should be considered and relevant
Kelly, a human resource specialist, has been asked to investigate complaints that an employee is bullying co-workers. Kelly is obligated to protect this employee's privacy by ensuring that any information gathered is relevant to the complaint.
a. True
b. Falsebu
In 2012, Wingen Inc. sold 325,000 units at $8 each .Sales volume is expected to increase by 15 percent in 2013 while the price of each unit is expected to decrease by 15 percent. the expected sales revenue for 2013 is a. $373,750 b.$2,541,500 c.$1,878,500 d.$2,990,000
Answer:
$2541500
Explanation:
Given :
2012 :
Units sold = 325,000
Price per unit = $8
2013 :
Projected increase in volume = 15%
Projected decrease in price = 15%
Expected revenue = sales price * volume sold
Volume in 2013:
Projected Unit sold in 2013 = (1 + 0.15) * 325000 = 373750
units
Projected Price in 2013 = (1 - 0.15) * Price in 2012 = (1 - 0.15) * $8 = $6.80
Expected revenue = $6.80 * 373750 = $2541500
Consider a world in which there is no currency and depository institutions issue only transactions deposits and desire to hold no excess reserves. The required reserve ratio is
Consider a world in which there is no currency and depository institutions issue only transactions deposits and desire to hold no excess reserves. The required reserve ratio is 15 percent. The central bank sells $0.98 billion in government securities.
What happens to the money supply?
Give reasons to support your answer.
Answer:
The answer is below
Explanation:
Considering the situation described above, the result is that there will be a DECREASE in the money supply of $6.53 billion.
This is because the money multiplier is calculated as 1/rr, where RR is the reserve ratio.
Hence, in this case, we have 1/0.15 = 6.67
Therefore, 6.67 × $0.98 billion = $6.53 billion.
CONCILIACIONES BANCARIAS
Answer:
ehejejeuywnfwwjwjwhwjegegjshshstehshstejeheteyejuw7yo was a member in its first two seasons of its own and the first team in its history to win the world series 65in 2of 2in 3733333inches the world cup is in its second season as a team that
Question 9 Bond A is zero-coupon bond paying $100 one year from now. Bond B is a zero-coupon bond paying $100 two years from now. Bond C is a 10% coupon bond that pays $10 one year from now and $10 plus the $100 principal two years from now. The yield to maturity on bond A is 10%, and the price of bond B is $84.18. Assuming annual compounding, what is the price of Bond A?
The price of bond A is $90.91
The computation of the price of bond A is as follows:
= Paying amount × (1 + rate)^-1
= $100 × (1 + 0.10)^-1
= $100 × 1.1^-1
= $90.91
Therefore we can conclude that the price of bond A is $90.91
Learn more about the coupon rate here: brainly.com/question/16913107
A consol is a bond that: a. Pays a fixed annual coupon amount, and when originally issued, is set to mature in 30 years. b. Pays a fixed annual coupon amount, and when originally issued, is set to mature in 50 years. c. Does not pay an annual co
Complete Question:
A consol is a bond that:
a. Pays a fixed annual coupon amount, and when originally issued, is set to mature in 30 years.
b. Pays a fixed annual coupon amount, and when originally issued, is set to mature in 50 years.
c. Does not pay an annual coupon (i.e., the annual coupon payment is $0) but when it matures pays out the par value of the bond.
d. Does not pay an annual coupon (i.e., the annual coupon payment is $0) and never matures.
e. Pays a fixed annual coupon amount forever.
Answer:
A consol is a bond that:
e. Pays a fixed annual coupon amount forever.
Explanation:
This debt instrument issued by the government does not have any scheduled date for the return of principal, but it pays perpetual interest payments without any maturity date. It is a perpetual annuity. The government determines when to repay the principal if it so chooses. This implies that the holders continue to receive annual interests.
You are the manager of Black Spot Computers, which competes directly with Condensed Computers to sell high-powered computers to businesses. From the two businesses’ perspectives, the two products are indistinguishable. The large investment required to build production facilities prohibits other firms from entering this market, and existing firms operate under the assumption that the rival will hold output constant. The inverse market demand for computers is P = 5,900 − Q, and both firms produce at a marginal cost of $800 per computer. Currently, BlackSpot earns revenues of $4.25 million and profits (net of investment, R&D, and other fixed costs) of $890,000. The engineering department at Black Spot has been steadily working on developing an assembly method that would dramatically reduce the marginal cost of producing these high-powered computers and has found a process that allows it to manufacture each computer at a marginal cost of $500. How will this technological advance impact your production and pricing plans? How will it impact Black Spot’s bottom
Nichols Company uses the percentage of receivables method for recording bad debts expense. The month-end accounts receivable balance is $250,000 and credit sales during the month were $1,000,000. Management estimates that 4% of accounts receivable will be uncollectible. The Allowance for Doubtful Accounts has a credit balance of $2,500 before adjustment. The adjusting entry that Nichols must make includes: a. a credit to the allowance for $7,500. b. a credit to the allowance for $30,000. c. a debit to bad debt expense for $10,000. d. a debit to bad debt expense for $40,000.
Answer: a. a credit to the allowance for $7,500
Explanation:
Estimated Bad Debt = Balance on Account receivable x bad Debt loss rate = $250,000 x 4% = $10,000
Allowance for doubtful accounts with a credit balance of $2,500
Allowance for Bad debts expense =Estimated Bad Debt - Credit balance Allowance for doubtful accounts = $10,000 - $2,500 = $7,500
Account titles and explanation Debit Credit
Bad Debt Expense $7,500
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts $7,500
Acoma Co. has identified one of its cost pools to be quality control and has assigned $140,400 to that pool. Number of inspections has been chosen as the cost driver for this pool; Acoma performs 30,000 inspections annually. Suppose Acoma manufactures two products that consume 12,600 (Product 1) and 17,400 (Product 2) inspections each.
Assume that Acoma manufacturers only the two products mentioned and they consume 100 percent of the company’s quality inspections. Using activity proportions, determine how much quality control cost will be assigned to each of Acoma’s product lines.
Answer:
Acoma Co.
Product 1 Product 2
Quality control cost assigned $58,968 $81,432
Explanation:
a) Data and Calculations:
Cost of quality control = $140,400
Number of annual inspections = 30,000
Cost per inspection = $4.68 ($140,400/30,000)
Product 1 Product 2 Total
Number of inspections 12,600 17,400 30,000
Proportion of inspections 42% 58% 100%
Quality control cost assigned $58,968 $81,432 $140,400
($4.68 * 12,600) ($4.68 * 17,400)
(42% * $140,400) (52% * $140,400)
The management of Fuzzy Button Clothing Company controls 58% of the company's stock. The firm did not meet any of its quarterly sales projections for the last year. Some of the firm's institutional investors are worried that the firm's poor performance is partly because management has not been focused on maximizing shareholder wealth. Which of the following measures would the institutional investors most likely want to see implemented?
A. They would like to see the size of the board of directors increased, because larger boards usually implement a higher degree of corporate governance.
B. They would like to see that the company has an interlocking board of directors with one of the company's strategic partners
C. They would like to see that the majority of the company's board of directors is composed of true outsiders.
It is reasonable to assume that a firm's management is going to be ultimately motivated to act in their own best interest. It can be a serious problem for shareholders if management's self-interests do not align with shareholders' self-interests. Select the statement that best describes the board of directors' actions in the following scenario:
Happy Lion Manufacturing Inc. currently has $1.1 billion in cash on its balance sheet. The CFO thinks the firm will need $600 million in cash to finance operations for the next year. The CFO has recommended that the firm keep the excess cash in a marketable securities portfolio to allow for unexpected costs. However, the board of directors has decided that the firm will pay this money out to the shareholders in the form of a cash dividend.
D. The board's decision will give management the incentive to make decisions that are not in the shareholders' best interest.
E. The board's decision will help align management's interests with the shareholders' interests.
F. The board's decision is extremely risky and not very practical Flash Player WIN 32,0,0.387
Answer:
Fuzzy Button Clothing Company
1. The measure that the institutional investors would most likely want to see implemented is:
C. They would like to see that the majority of the company's board of directors is composed of true outsiders.
Happy Lion Manufacturing Inc.
2. The statement that best describes the board of directors' actions in the following scenario is:
E. The board's decision will help align management's interests with the shareholders' interests.
Explanation:
a) Data and Calculations:
Fuzzy Button Clothing Company
Management control = 58%
Institutional and other stockholders = 42% (100% - 58%)
Happy Lion Manufacturing Inc.
Cash on its balance sheet = $1.1 billion
Cash needed to finance operations next year = $600 million
Excess cash = $500 million ($1.1 billion Minus $600 million)
CFO's recommendation = keep excess cash in a marketable securities for unexpected costs
Board of directors' decision = pay the excess out to the shareholders in the form of a cash dividend.
If a firm has a market beta of 0.9. is subject to an income tax rate of 35 percent, has a risk-free rate of 6 percent, a market risk premium of 7 percent, and has a market value of debt to market value of equity ratio of 60 percent, what does the market expect the firm to generate in terms of equity returns using CAPM?
a) 12.3%
b) 7%
c) 6%
d) 13%
Answer:
A
Explanation:
According to the capital asset price model: Expected rate of return = risk free + beta x (market rate of return - risk free rate of return)
risk free + (beta x market premium)
6 + (0.9 X 7) = 12.3%
The parts can be purchased from an outside supplier for only $28 each. The space in which the parts are now produced would be idle and fixed production costs would be reduced by one-fourth. If the parts are purchased from the outside supplier, the annual impact on the company's operating income will be:________
a) $24,000 increase
b) $24,000 decrease
c) $56,000 increase
d) $56,000 decrease
Answer:
d) $56,000 decrease
Explanation:
In the case when parts are produced by sharp corporation
Given that
Total cost per unit = $36
Total cost = Total cost per unit × parts
= $36 × 8,000
= $288,000
Now
If the parts are Purchased by the outside supplier, fixed costs decreased by one-fourth.
So, three-fourth fixed costs should be incurred.
Now
Total cost per unit = Purchase Price + three - fourth fixed costs
= $28 + (3 ÷4) × $20
= $28 + $15
= $43
Now
Total cost = $43 × 8,000
= $344,000
So, the operating income is
= $288,000 - $344,000
= $56,000 decrease
An oligopolistic market structure is distinguished by several characteristics, one of which is either similar or identical products. Which of the following are other characteristics of this market structure?
a. Market control by many small firms
b. Difficult entry
c. Mutual interdependence
d. Market control by a few large firms
e. Mutual dependence
Answer:
The correct option is d. Market control by a few large firms.
Explanation:
An oligopolistic market structure can be described as a market structure in which there is a small number of large firms, and none of the large firms can prevent the other large firms in the market from wielding great power.
An oligopolistic market structure is there a market that is dominated and controlled by by a few large firms.
Therefore, the correct option is d. Market control by a few large firms.
