For young men of age 20, there have been 150 rounds of DNA replication during sperm production as compared to only 23 rounds for a woman of age 20. That is a 6.5-fold greater number of cell divisions and proportionately greater opportunity for new point mutations. Yet, on average, 20-year-old men contribute only about twice as many new point mutations to their offspring as do women. How can you explain this discrepancy

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

A plausible hypothesis is that deleterious germline mutations in sperm cells are removed by natural selection since sperms have to compete to fertilize the egg

Explanation:

Sperm cells need to travel through the cervix in order to reach the uterus and fertilize the egg. During this process (which is called 'fertilization'), approximately 300 million sperm cells have to compete in a race to reach an egg. During fertilization, the majority of sperm cells die off quickly because male germinal cells carry mutations that lead to abnormalities (e.g., many sperms have double heads, others no tail, etc). The sperm cells are considered to be physiologically weak because their normal functions can be easily disrupted by mutations and, simultaneously, they are under strong selective pressure to be selected during the sperm race. In consequence, deleterious germline male mutations are expected to be eliminated by natural selection, thereby sperms are selected before fertilization so only the strongest ones can compete in the race to fuse with the egg cell and thus develop one zygote.


Related Questions

Which of the following is NOT part of the circulatory system?
lungs
heart
arteries
blood​

Answers

I’m not 100% sure about this one but I believe that it is lungs, seeing that the rest is blood you can just like pick the most obvious one out

66. A 64-year-old woman, who has always been proud of her suntanned, healthy look, is referred to a dermatologist with a blue-violet, painless, 1.5-cm lump in the skin of her left shoulder. The lump is firm and cannot be moved, and has grown very rapidly over the past few weeks. The mass is removed surgically and the pathologist diagnoses it as a Merkel cell carcinoma. If the UV radiation to which her skin was exposed affected the Merkel cells, what other cell type sharing the same specific epidermal layer might also be affected

Answers

Answer:

Basal stem cells for keratinocytes

Explanation:

Keratinocytes are epidermal cells located in the outermost layer of the skin (i.e., the epidermis). Moreover, the cells located in the basal layer of the skin are known as basal keratinocytes or basal cells. These basal cells are proliferative cells that undergo differentiation in order to form suprabasal epidermal layers. Merkel cells are neuroendocrine cells that are located in the basal layer of the skin (scattered among basal keratinocytes), which are attached to surrounding keratinocytes by intercellular junctions called desmosomes.

Cationic detergents are surface active agents, also known as ______, which damage bacteria by binding bacterial surface proteins and disrupting ______.

Answers

Surfactants; cell membrane

When you touch an object that is very hot you quickly pull your hand back. What is the correct pathway of nerve impulses for this behavior?
A. Heat receptors in the hand, sensory neurons, brain, motor neurons, hand muscles.
B. Heat receptors in the hand, motor neurons, hand muscles, sensory neurons, brain.
C. Hand muscles, motor neurons, brain, sensory neurons, heat receptors in hand.
D. Brain, sensory neurons, heat receptors in hand, motor neurons, hand muscles.

Answers

A heat receptor>sensory neuron>brain>motor neuron>>hand muscles

Answer:

a

Explanation:

Question in the picture

Answers

Answer:

bbbb

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In a normal conception (fertilization of egg and sperm), due to the processes crossing over and independent assortment:

Answers

Answer:  Hello your question is missing below is the intended question

Which of the following supports genetic diversity?

A- Independent Assortment

B-independent assortment and crossing-over support genetic diversity

C-Independent assortment, crossing-over, and fertilization of an egg by sperm support genetic diversity

D-Fertilization of an egg by a sperm

E-Crossing-over

answer :

Independent assortment, crossing-over, and fertilization of an egg by sperm support genetic diversity ( C )

Explanation:

The processes that supports Genetic diversity are ; Fertilization of egg and sperm, Independent assortment and processes of crossing over

Genetic diversity is the simply the variations seen in genetic composition among a population or specie.

list few points on the importance of sun in power supply.​

Answers

Answer:

The sun provides more than enough energy to meet the whole world's energy needs, and unlike fossil fuels, it won't run out anytime soon. As a renewable energy source, the only limitation of solar power is our ability to turn it into electricity in an efficient and cost-effective way.

Answer:

Nothing is more important to us on Earth than the Sun. Without the Sun's heat and light, the Earth would be a lifeless ball of ice-coated rock. The Sun warms our seas, stirs our atmosphere, generates our weather patterns, and gives energy to the growing green plants that provide the food and oxygen for life on Earth.

Describe how pollution can cause acid rain, and how acid rain affects the ecosystems of surrounding areas?

Answers

Pollution specifically air pollution can cause acid. Gases such as sulphur (IV) oxide and Nitrogen (IV) oxide when they are released into the atmosphere and comes into contact with precipitation, that is rain water causes acid rain. Sulphurous acid and Nitric acid is formed thus the rain falls in acidic form.

Acid rain when it falls on the leaves of the flora (plants) causes removal of the green colouring matter (chlorophyll) thus making plants to be deficient of food. Food in plants is made my the process of photosynthesis, removal of chlorophyll in plants kills them due to lack of food.

Also when acid rain finds it's way into the water bodies through surface runoff, aquatic animals such as fishes die due to lack of favourable environment and oxygen deficiency in water. Acidity in the soil also kills important decomposers therefore soil aeration is altered.

acid rain can affect the surrounding areas by ruining its ecosystem

why is DNA a useful form of evidence for developing a phylogenetic tree?

a) DNA never changes
b) DNA is the newest thing in science
c) DNA is passed from generation to generation ​

Answers

Answer:

DNA is useful for a phylogenetic tree because DNA is passed from generation to generation.

the answer;

should be C

HAVE A NİCE DAY

Explanation:

greeetings from Turkey ツ

C , dna is passed generation to generation!

In the gragh the y - i tercept of line is

Answers

Answer:

In the gragh y-intercept is the point.

Help plzz!! I’ll mark you as brainliest
What is the definition of specific heat capacity?
O A. The amount of heat required to break the chemical bonds in 1 g of
a substance
B. The amount of heat required to form 1 g of a substance from its
elements
C. The amount of heat required for 1 g of a substance to undergo a
phase change
D. The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 g of a
substance by 1°C

Answers

Option D is the correct option..

D. The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 g of a

substance by 1°C

is variation always caused by the surroundings?

Answers

Answer:

Some variation is the result of differences in the surroundings, or what an individual does. This is called environmental variation.

Question:

Is variation always caused by the surroundings?

Answer:

Some variation is the result of differences in the surroundings, or what an individual does. This is called environmental variation.

Hope it helps you

A 70-year-old male presents with back pain, fever, and weight loss. He reports that he had a recent respiratory infection from which he thought he recovered. Tests revealed increased white blood cell count, and a diagnosis of endogenous osteomyelitis was made. The primary organism causing this condition is

Answers

Answer:

This question lacks options, options are:

a.Fatigue fracture

b.Stress fracture

c.Pathologic fracture

d.Greenstick fracture.  

The correct answer is c.

Explanation:

A pathological fracture is one produced in a weakened bone as a result of trauma that would not cause such an effect on bones that had their composition, resistance or flexibility properties at the correct levels, that is, a pathological fracture is any loss of bone continuity that occurs in a weakened bone, secondary this weakness to the development of a disease. Endogenous osteomyelitis is a blood-borne bacterial infection that spreads to the bone.

function of mound layering? ​

Answers

Heavy-stemmed shrubs and trees benefit from mound layering. Cover the main stem by clipping it down to the ground. The buds at the stem's tip will develop into a number of rooted branches. Inside the moss, roots will form, and you can cut the rooted tip from the plant.

What does alteration of generation mean?

Answers

Answer:

Alteration of generation, is the type of life cycle that occurs in those plants and algae in the Archaeplastida and the Heterokontophyta that have distinct haploid sexual and diploid asexual stages.

pls make me brainliest

Why has the number of people in the world increased if the human population growth rate has decreased?

Answers

Answer:

Life expectancy has steadily risen.

People live longer lives.

To understand the reasons why the number of people in the world has increased and the population growth rate has decreased, it is necessary to understand how the world's demographic growth rate is calculated.

The calculation is made from the balance between the total number of people alive and the total number of deaths that occurred in a period of time.

Therefore, we can understand that the population growth rate has decreased due to several relevant factors, such as:

Increased life expectancy.The decrease in infant mortality.Rising fertility rates.Urbanization.Economic development.

These are some of the reasons that help us understand why population numbers increase and population growth rate decreases.

Economic development, new technologies and a better quality of life for the population are directly related to the decrease in the population growth rate.

Learn more here:

https://brainly.com/question/13874654

A(n)____is the product of gametes from two different
sources.

Answers

Answer:

I guess the answer is meiosis

Explanation:

Maybe yes or no but am 98% sure so it's ur lucky day. haha

what is cell membrane ?​

Answers

Explanation:

the thin outside layer that surrounds the cytoplasm of a cell and controls the movement of materials into and out of the cell. cell membrane.

hope it helps.stay safe healthy and happy....

Drag the substances into the correct category
water
Reactants Products

oxygen
energy
carbon dioxide
glucose

Answers

Reactants: Carbon Dioxide, Water, Energy
Products: Oxygen, Glucose

Answer: 100% on edge

Reactants:: glucose and oxygen

Products:: carbon dioxide, energy, and water

How is an ectotherm most likely to maintain homeostasis during hot weather?

Answers

Answer:

The correct answer is - by burrying underground.

Explanation:

In the ecthermal animals who are also known as the cold-blooded animals. These animals change the heat from the environment and exchange through various ways if the weather is too hot.

Evaporating by tounge, moving to a shady area like under a tree or rocks, burrying the ground for the cooling down their body are few of the ways they maintain their homeostasis during hot weather.

For a reaction, A H= 2 kJ. For which value of TA Sis the reaction spontaneous?

Answers

Answer:

option a is the answer I think so

Answer:

option a

Explanation:

For which value of TA Sis the reaction spontaneous?

Identify the error in the following statement: “Photosynthesis is a chemical reaction that takes place in the chloroplasts of green plant cells, where chemical energy is used to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen.”

A. “chloroplasts” should be “mitochondria”
B. “water” and “oxygen” should be switched
C. “chemical” should be “light”
D. No errors

Answers

Answer:

C light energy instead of chemical energy

Explanation:

Photosynthesis does take place in the chloroplasts (repirarion takes place in the mitochondria)

The equation for photosynthesis is Carbon dioxide + water --> glucose + oxygen (so that statement is correct)

Answer:

D. No errors

Explanation:

_______
are responsible for the structures and
functions of organisms.
DONE

Answers

The right answer is cell

Large biomolecules and macromolecules known as proteins are made up of one or more extended chains of amino acid residues. Proteins are responsible for the structures and functions of organisms.

What is Protein?

Large, intricate molecules classified as proteins perform an array of essential roles in the human body. They are fundamental for the structure, operation, and control of the body's tissues and organs and perform out the majority of their work inside cells.

Many thousands of amino acids, which seem to be smaller components that make up proteins, are linked together in lengthy chains to form proteins. To form a protein, 20 different kinds of amino acids can be mixed. Each protein's precise function and characteristic 3-dimensional structure are established by its amino acid sequence.

Thus, Proteins are responsible for the structures and functions of organisms.

Learn more about Proteins, here:

https://brainly.com/question/29776206

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The type of electromagnetic waves with a longer wavelength than infrared waves are ____.

a) ultraviolet waves
b) gamma rays
c) microwaves
d) visible light waves

Answers

Answer:

c.microwaves

Explanation:

This are microwaves because electromagnetic waves with a longer wavelength

what is a skeleton and give two characteristics of a mammal​

Answers

A skeleton is a structural frame that supports an animal body.

The skeletal system of mammals and other vertebrates is broadly divisible functionally into axial and appendicular portions. 

There are two major types of skeletons: solid and fluid. Solid skeletons can be internal, called an endoskeleton, or external, called an exoskeleton, and may be further classified as pliant (elastic/movable) or rigid (hard/non-movable).

Fluid skeletons are always internal.

The presence of hair or fur.

A four-chambered heart.

Answer: well I know the skeleton is the bone structure in some living organisms if there a vertebrate

how would hemoglobin content differ in a person living in philadelphia compared to someone living in denver

Answers

Answer:

The correct answer is - the difference in altitudes.

Explanation:

The hemoglobin in the person of Denver who lives at a higher altitude than the person who lives in Philadelphia will be much higher. This is due to the fact that at higher elevation or altitude atmospheric pressure decreases that causes hemoglobin to stick to the RBCs and that results in less oxygen level in the body.

To compensate for this low level of oxygen levels hemoglobin content need to be higher in people living at a higher elevation.

The DNA of a prokaryote is arranged in a single coiled chromosome located in a region called the ____________ . Some prokaryotes carry genes on extrachromosomal pieces of circular DNA called ____________ .

Answers

Answer:

1. Nucleoid

2. Plasmid

Explanation:

Prokaryotes are groups of organisms characterized by the lack of a membrane-bound nucleus in their cell. Due to this, the genetic material (DNA) of prokaryotes are found naked i.e. not housed. The DNA of a prokaryote is arranged in a single coiled chromosome located in a region of the cell called NUCLEOID.

However, some prokaryotes e.g. bacteria carry genes on extrachromosomal pieces of circular DNA called PLASMID. Plasmids carry certain genes like antibiotic resistance genes.

The process where animals take in oxygen to breakdown energy from the plants is
a) breathing
b) photosynthesis
c) aerobic respiration
d) digestion​

Answers

it’s C. Aerobic respiration

PLEASEE NEED HELP ASP
Match each organelle with the main life function(s) it helps the cell perform. Each basic function of life can be used more
than once, and many organelles will have more than one possible answer. Choose one answer only,

Organelle list - nucleus, mitochondria, golgi apparatus, endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes, lysosomes, vacuoles, cell membrane, chloroplast, cell wall


The answer could either be 1. reproduction 2. interaction with the environment 3. growth 4. uses energy 5. waste production (each function can be used more than once)

Answers

Answer:

The correct answer is -

nucleus - reproduction, mitochondria- reproduction, golgi apparatus - waste production, endoplasmic reticulum - growth, ribosomes - growth, lysosomes- waste production, vacuoles - growth, cell membrane - interaction with the environment, chloroplast - uses energy, cell wall - interaction with the environment

Explanation:

A Cell has various organelles with more than one generic function such as the nucleus not just play role in cell reproduction but also plays role in regulating other organelle and cell growth by transcription. Mitochondria produces and provides energy for many functions such as growth, reproduction and substance transport.

Golgi apparatus package proteins and wastes to transfer them out of the cell. The ndoplasmic reticulum modifies the protein produced by ribosomes and helps in growth of the cell. Lysosomes digest waste and cell debris by lysosomal vesicles. Cell membrane and cell wall interact with outer environement.

Why does the thermosphere increase in temperature as altitude increases?

Answers

Answer:

The thermosphere is the outer layer of the Earth's atmosphere, extending from about 53 miles to more than 370 miles above the surface. The temperature increases rapidly in this layer due to the absorption of huge amounts of incoming high energy solar radiation by atoms of nitrogen and oxygen.

Explanation:

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