Answer:
- Hongos: antibiótico penicilina
- Bacterias: producción de insulina para uso humano
- Virus: vectores basados en adenovirus para el desarrollo de vacunas
Explanation:
Los microorganismos son fundamentales para el desarrollo de diferentes tipos de aplicaciones industriales y medicinales. Por ejemplo, la penicilina es una sustancia sintetizada por el hongo Penicillium notatum, la cual es ampliamente utilizada como antibiótico debido a sus propiedades antibacterianas. Las penicilinas son antibióticos del grupo de los betalactámicos que tienen como núcleo un anillo central de beta-lactama, las cuales son capaces de destruir una amplia variedad de bacterias. Por otra parte, las bacterias pueden ser usadas para la generación de moléculas orgánicas con fines médicos. Por ejemplo, cepas de Escherichia coli han sido modificadas mediante técnicas de ingeniería genética con el objetivo de producir insulina humana, una hormona central en el metabolismo de la glucosa. Mediante técnicas de recombinación genética, el gen responsable por sintetizar insulina humana ha sido introducido en bacterias. Las cepas de E. coli son relativamente fáciles de cultivar en el laboratorio y por lo tanto permiten obtener grandes cantidades de esta hormona (insulina). Finalmente, existen ciertas tipos de virus inocuos para nuestro organismo los cuales han sido recientemente utilizados como vectores para el desarrollo vacunas. Mediante esta técnica de ingeniería genética, un determinado vector viral (por ejemplo, un virus de la familia de los adenovirus) es modificado genéticamente con el objetivo de insertar un fragmento de un agente infeccioso o 'antígeno' el cual individualmente es incapaz de producir daño. Las vacunas diseñadas a partir de vectores virales son inofensivas para el organismo pero son capaces de desencadenar una respuesta inmune contra el antígeno recombinante, generando de este modo una memoria inmunitaria en contra el agente infeccioso.
what is the part of endoplasmic reticulum without proteins attached?
Answer:
Regions of ER that lack bound ribosomes are called smooth endoplasmic reticulum, or smooth ER.
Answer:
The ER regions lacking bonded ribosomes are referred to as the smooth or smooth endoplasmic reticulum.
Explanation:
The Endoplasmic reticulum is a membrane network within the cell that transmits proteins and other molecules. Proteins called ribosomes are assembled at organelles. The ribosomes that are assembled to the endoplasmic reticulum give it a rough look when proteins are intended for cell membrane or export from the cells. Smooth endoplasmic ribosomes are absent and help to synthesize and concentrate various cell-required substances.
Either a smooth or rough endoplasmic reticulum is capable of producing protein in general for the rest of the cell to function. The raw endoplasmic reticulum contains ribosomes, small, red organelles that make these proteins. Sometimes the proteins remain inside the endoplasmic reticulum when made incorrectly.
It is retained and the endoplasmic reticulum is engulfed because it appears to be stuck in a way that does not lead the protein where it is supposed to go. There is also the smooth endoplasmic reticulum on which these ribosomes are not contained. This smooth endoplasmic reticulum produces other materials that the cell needs. The endoplasmic reticulum is an organelle that actually produces proteins and substances that are necessary for the rest of the cell.
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Explanation:
the reason this mouse shows natural selection is that the black mouses are more adapted to their environment compared to the tan mouses as the tan mouses are more easily spotted and eaten by the bird. since the black mouse is more adapted to it's environment it is more likely to live on and pass it's trait of the black fur color to it's offspring while the tan mouses are not.
Scientists are studying the mating habits of a population of butterfly fish on a Caribbean coral reef. They discover that both the largest and smallest males get the most mates and pass on the largest number of genes to the population's offspring. The largest males get a large number of mates because they can guard the females, preventing most of the smaller males from mating. However, the very smallest males also get a large number of mates because they escape the notice of the larger males and are able to mate with the females quickly. Based on these observations, which selective force appears to be acting on male body size in this population?
Answer:
The correct answer is - Disruptive selection.
Explanation:
Disruptive selection is a mode of natural selection that exhibits that two extreme values of phenotypic traits of the population are favored by this population than the population with their intermediate values. Disruptive selection occurs when there is a fitness advantage of extreme values of phenotypic traits over more intermediate phenotypes.
In this case, the largest males mates more, due to fact that they can guard the females, than smaller males. The smallest fishes also get a high number of mates as are able to mate with the females quickly without coming to the notice of larger males.
Help me with numbers 44 and 45
Answer:
44- object 2
45- objects 1 and 4
Explanation:
44- object 2 push force is higher one the left then on the right
45- object 1 cancel eachoher because they have the same push force as eachoher and object 4 don't move at all because they don't have any push force on either side
Kingdoms are a more specific (less broad) category in the taxonomic hierarchy.
A. True
B. False
true helpful answer to your question
Answer:
false
because if you actually order the levels of classification from MOST specific to LEAST specific, kingdom would be somewhere last.
what is the smallest unit of DNA molecule that can be altered by a mutation and cause a change to the coding of polypeptide
Replanting trees on a bare hillside is an EXAMPLE of
Answer:
Reforestation and restoration
Answer:
Reafforestation and restoration
hope it helps
What characteristics of the blood cell helps it to pass freely through blood capillaries
Answer:
The cell is flexible and assumes a bell shape as it passes through extremely small blood vessels. It is covered with a membrane composed of lipids and proteins, lacks a nucleus, and contains hemoglobin—a red iron-rich protein that binds oxygen.
Answer:
The cell is flexible and takes the form of a bell through extremely small blood vessels. It is clothed in a fluid and protein-membrane, lacks a nucleus, and has hemoglobin—a rich red iron protein that binds oxygen.
Explanation:
The hemoglobin in red blood cells contains four iron-binding heme groups.
Heme groups of hemoglobin are binding on oxygen. Each molecule of hemoglobin can bind up to four molecules of oxygen.
Hemoglobin has a cooperative binding affinity to oxygen. The saturation of the molecule increases by oxygen. The connection of the initial molecule of oxygen affects the form of the other binding sites. For additional oxygen molecules, the binding becomes more favorable.
The four iron-binding hemo-groups are located in each hemoglobin molecule. Hemoglobin is known as oxygen-bound hemoglobin.
The reversible carbon dioxide is transformed into the carbonic acid reaction by the enzyme carbenoid anhydrase by the Red blood cells altering the blood PH.
Instead of being converted to carbonic acid, pH is controlled by carbon dioxide bindings to hemoglobin.
CO2: The enzyme found in RBCs catalyzing the reaction between carbonic anhydrase and carbonate dioxide and water.
Co-operative binding: When a first molecule is binding to a binding location, the same molecule is favored for the remainder of the binding locations by means of increased binding affinity.
What is the cause for a new trait this badger may exhibit?
A. DNA mutation
B. Natural selection
C. It's not possible to see a new trait if neither parent had it.
cuanta poblacion tiene Janca
Answer:
Se estima que un total de 70.000 personas.
The punctuated equilibrium model of evolution agrees with the theory of gradualism
on the idea of
a) inheritance of acquired characteristics
b) natural selection
c) use and disuse of organs
d) the rate of speciation
Natural selection. They disagree on the rate, inheritance, and whatever c is talking about.
What happens when traits are not dominant or recessive
Explanation:
This situation is called an incomplete dominance. A great example of this is when a plant with red flowers is paired with a plant with white flowers and the seeds give plants with pink flowers
Biological knowledge is important in all of the following except
Answer:
both a body of knowledge and an intellectual activity encompassing observation, description experimentation, and explanation of natural phenomenon.
Explanation:
Name & describe the six essential activities of the digestive tract.
Answer:
Ingestion: Consuming something orally, whether it be food, drink, medicine, or other substance; the first step of digestion. bolus: a round mass of something, especially of chewed food in the mouth or alimentary canal.
Propulsion: Propulsion means to push forward or drive an object forward. A propulsion system is a machine that produces thrust to push an object forward. On airplanes, thrust is usually generated through some application of Newton's third law of action and reaction.
Mechanical Digestion: Mechanical digestion is a purely physical process that does not change the chemical nature of the food. Instead, it makes the food smaller to increase both surface area and mobility. It includes mastication, or chewing, as well as tongue movements that help break food into smaller bits and mix food with saliva.
Chemical Digestion: Chemical digestion involves the secretions of enzymes throughout your digestive tract. These enzymes break the chemical bonds that hold food particles together. This allows food to be broken down into small, digestible parts.
Absorption: Absorption is a condition in which something takes in another substance. The process of absorption means that a substance captures and transforms energy. The absorbent distributes the material it captures throughout whole and adsorbent only distributes it through the surface.
Defecation: Defecation is the term given for the act of expelling feces from the digestive tract via the anus.
Explanation:
Hope this helps <3
explique le phénomène d'effet de serre
Answer:
mi no speak e de spanish
Explanation:
gay pride
cells are surrounded and protected by
Answer:
Plasma membrane or cytoplasm
Explanation:
The diagram below summarizes an important process.
Mpho
Which process does the diagram summarize?
Interphase
O A. The Calvin cycle
B. Meiosis
O C. Mitosis
O D. The cell cycle
Answer:
The cell cycle
Explanation:
What must happen before meiosis can begin?
A. Four gametes must be produced.
B. The four tetrads must be pulled apart.
C. DNA doubles and produces sister chromatids.
D. The cell membrane pinches together.
The process that must happen before meiosis can begin is that DNA doubles and produces sister chromatids (Option C).
What is meiosis?Meiosis is a cell division process that generates four daughter cells having half of the DNA when compared to the parental cell.
Meiosis needs first the duplication of the genetic material by means of a synthesis stage (S phase).
In conclusion, the process that must happen before meiosis can begin is that DNA doubles and produces sister chromatids (Option C).
Learn more about meiosis here:
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1. Stern cells are different from other cells, as they are not specialized and can reproduce other unspecialized cells. There has been great controversy over the use of stem cells in the United States, especially when they are taken from fetal tissue. What are some possible benefits to humans of using stem cells?
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Answer:
Stem cell benefits:
Can repair limbs such as Arms cut off etc.
Can Repair cells and keep people from ageing
Can reduce the effect on diseases
Test new drugs for safety and how effective they are
Make people live longer and healthier lives
Explanation:
Humans aren't aware on how to harvest stem cells effectively in a way they work on humans tot heir full potential but the reasons I listed above are only the tip of the iceberg when it comes to what we can do with these.
A species is an organism that has different traits cannot______ with other organisms.
1) breed
2) evolve
3) exist
4) survive
Answer:
2 evolve
I hope your answer is correct
Plz im begging you for a answer, my teacher is checking my progress!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Anthropologists have concluded that modern day humans originated from the continent of Africa. Looking at the distribution of skin tones we now see all over the world today explain why this pattern is makes sense for what we see today.
MUST USE AND HIGHLIGHT THE FOLLOWING KEY TERMS: variation, direct sunlight, UV radiation, Vitamin D, folate (folic acid), equator, evolution, parents, offspring, Africa, survival, natural selection, genes, latitude, adapt/adaptation
Answer:
Variation
Ape like creatures where able
to survive in Africa because of survival of the fittest, which meant that only the ones who were able to adapt to the conditions were able to live
Which of the following does NOT contribute to sea level rise?
O Melting of glacial ice sheets on Iceland and Antarctica
O Melting of mountain glaciers
O Melting of sea ice in the Arctic Ocean
O Expansion of ocean water as it warms
Answer:
D is the correct option
Explanation:
expansion of water is not significant over day night temperature
in order to increase chances of survival in a changing environment, it is important for a species to have
Answer:
One key way by which species evolve over time in response to changes in environmental conditions is adaptation by natural selection acting over generations. Characteristics that aid in effective survival and reproduction in the new environment grow more prevalent, while those that do not become less prevalent.
Explanation:
What is the main function of the central nervous system ? E2020
Answer:
The central nervous system (CNS) controls most functions of the body and mind. It consists of two parts: the brain and the spinal cord. The brain is the center of our thoughts, the interpreter of our external environment, and the origin of control over body movement.
Explanation:
Answer:
Main function-the interpreter of the environment and control over body movement.
The central nervous system controls the body and mind. It has two parts, the brain and the spinal cord. The brain is the center of thoughts..
explain how ionic balance is maintained in the human body
Answer:
ion balance is maintain in the body by its ph balance
What are the phenotypes of an organism?
A. the organism's genes
B. the organism's physical traits
Answer:
A.
Explanation:
The term "phenotype" refers to the observable physical properties of an organism; these include the organism's appearance, development, and behavior. An organism's phenotype is determined by its genotype, which is the set of genes the organism carries, as well as by environmental influences upon these genes.
Answer:
A. the organism's genes
Explanation:
The phenotypes of an organism are the genes carried by the organism.
What do sea squirts eat?
Answer:
sea squirts eat plankton
Explanation:
Why are whales closer related to giraffes than tuna?
A. Whales and giraffes are both mammals.
B. Tuna live in water but they are fish and not mammals.
C. Both of these are correct.
Answer:
Hey mate.....
Explanation:
This is ur answer.....
A. Whales and giraffes are both mammals.Hope it helps!
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Answer:
C. Both of these are correct.
Explanation:
Whales are the artiodactyls a group of hoofed mammals that includes deer, pigs, giraffes, camels and hippos.
Please HELP!!!
Which of the following best describes an organ system?
A. One or more cell types that perform specific functions
B. Various cells that perform different functions
C. Two or more tissues organized and capable of carrying out a specific task
D. Two or more organs that interact to perform a common task
Answer:
D
Explanation:
Do you think cell division stops after a new baby is born? Why or why not?
please help me i really need it lol
Answer: cell division does not stop after a baby is born bc if it were to stop then the baby would not grow
