Answer:
Statements (b) and (e) are true.
Explanation:
According to the above, computation of the data given are shown below;
According to the statement (b), Total assets will rise to = $235,535,291
According to the statement (e) , Total liabilities will be $139,957,573
Also, according to the question, new liability amounts to = $10,000,000
Therefore,
Total Stockholder's Equity = Total assets - Total Liabilities
= $235,535,291 - $139,957,573 - $10,000,000
= $85,577,718
Leverage = Total Assets ÷ Total Stockholder's Equity
= $235,535,291 ÷ $85,577,718
= 2.7
According to the above analysis, statements (b) and (e) are true.
Answer :
b.Total Assets will rise to $235,535,291.
e.Total liabilities will be $139,957,573.
Explanation:
The following statements are true :
Working notes :
Total Assets = $235,535,291 Total Liabilities =$139,957,573 New Liability = $10,000,000Formula:
Total Stockholder's Equity = Total assets - Total Liabilities
Total Stockholder's Equity = $235,535,291 - $139,957,573 - $10,000,000
Total Stockholder's Equity = $85,577,718
Leverage = Total Assets ÷ Total Stockholder's Equity Leverage= $235,535,291 ÷ $85,577,718 Leverage= 2.7
According to the above scenario the correct answer is B and E.
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project that has an expected return of 25% and a standard deviation of 30%. What is the project's coefficient of variation
Answer: 1.2
Explanation:
The Coefficient of Variation tells the accuracy of the mean. If it is high then there is a large dispersion around the mean. A smaller figure indicates that the mean is more accurate/ precise.
Coefficient of Variation = Standard Deviation / Expected Return
Coefficient of Variation = 30%/25%
Coefficient of Variation = 1.2
Coffer Co. is analyzing two projects for the future. Assume that only one project can be selected. Project X Project Y Cost of machine $ 77,000 $ 55,000 Net cash flow: Year 1 28,000 2,000 Year 2 28,000 25,000 Year 3 28,000 25,000 Year 4 0 20,000 If the company is using the payback period method and it requires a payback of three years or less, which project should be selected?
Answer: Project X
Explanation:
Payback period is a method of capital budgeting that judges a project's viability based on when it will be able to pay back the initial investment.
Payback period Project X
Cost of machines is $77,000
= Year 1 + Year 2 + Year 3
= 28,000 + 28,000 + 28,000
= $84,000
Means it paid back within 3 years.
= Year + Year 2
= 28,000 + 28,000
= $56,000
At year 2 how much was left;
= 77,000 - 56,000
= 21,000
= Amount left/ amount paid in year
= 21,000/28,000
= 0.75
= 2 years + 0.75 years
It took 2.75 years to pay off the Project X
Payback period Project Y
Cost of machines is $55,000
= Year 1 + Year 2 + Year 3
= 2,000 + 25,000 + 25,000
= $52,000
Means it did not payback within 3 years.
In 4th year
= 55,000 - 52,000
= $3,000
= 3,000/20,000
= 0.15
It took 3 years + 0.15 year = 3.15 years to pay off.
Project X should be selected as it pays back within 3 years.
Harry and Sally formed the Evergreen partnership by contributing the following assets in exchange for a 50 percent capital and profits interest in the partnership: Harry Basis Fair Market Value Cash $30,000 $30,000 Land 100,000 120,000 Totals $130,000 $150,000 Sally: Equipment used in a business 200,000 150,000 Totals $200,000 $150,000 Required:a. How much gain or loss will Harry recognize on the contribution? b. How much gain or loss will Sally recognize on the contribution? c. How could the transaction be structured a different way to get a better result for Sally? d. What is Harry's tax basis in his partnership interest? e. What is Sally's tax basis in her partnership interest? f. What is Evergreen's tax basis in its assets? e. Prepare a tax basis balance sheet for the Evergreen partnership showing the tax basis capital accounts for the partners.
Answer:
a. Harry will recognize $0.
b. Sally will also recognize $0.
c. By selling the equipment to an unrelated party and by contributing $150,000 to the partnership instead.
d. Harry's tax basis in his partnership interest is $130,000.
e. Sally's tax basis in her partnership interest is $200,000
f. Evergreen's tax basis in its assets is $330,000
g. Total assets = Total Capital = $330,000
Explanation:
Note: The data in the question are merged together and they are first sorted before answering the questions as follows:
Harry: Basis Fair Market Value
Cash $30,000 $30,000
Land 100,000 120,000
Totals $130,000 $150,000
Sally:
Equipment used in a business 200,000 150,000
Totals $200,000 $150,000
The explanations to the answers are now provided as follows:
a. How much gain or loss will Harry recognize on the contribution?
Harry will recognize $0 because he did not have any debt relief.
The reason is that gain on property contributed by a partner to a partnership will be recognized only when the debt relief they seemed to have received is greater than their basis in the partnership before the distribution.
Since Harry did not have any debt relief, he will therefore recognize $0.
b. How much gain or loss will Sally recognize on the contribution?
Sally will also recognize $0.
It is possible that when partners contributes property to a partnership, loss may not be recognized even if they have debt relief. Therefore, it not in all cases that loss are recognized.
c. How could the transaction be structured a different way to get a better result for Sally?
This transaction could be structured differently if Sally decides to sell the equipment to an unrelated party and then make a cash contribution of $150,000 to the partnership instead of contributing the equipment. As a result of this, it will be possible for Sally to recognize the built-in loss on the equipment by selling it.
d. What is Harry's tax basis in his partnership interest?
The basis of Harry in his partnership interest can be obtained by adding his contribution of cash and land to the partnership as follows:
Harry's tax basis = $30,000 + $100,000 = $130,000.
Therefore, Harry's tax basis in his partnership interest is $130,000.
e. What is Sally's tax basis in her partnership interest?
This is simply the amount of her contribution of $200,000 basis in the equipment.
Therefore, Sally's tax basis in her partnership interest is $200,000.
f. What is Evergreen's tax basis in its assets?
This can be calculated by adding the Harry's basis in cash and land of $30,000 and $100,000 respectively together with Sally's basis in equipment of $200,000 as follows:
Evergreen's tax basis in its assets = $30,000 + $100,000 + $200,000 = $330,000
Therefore, Evergreen's tax basis in its assets is $330,000.
e. Prepare a tax basis balance sheet for the Evergreen partnership showing the tax basis capital accounts for the partners.
This can be prepared as follows:
Evergreen partnership
Tax Basis Balance Sheet
Particulars Amount ($)
Assets:
Cash 30,000
Equipment 200,000
Land 100,000
Total Assets 330,000
Capital:
Harry's Capital (w.1) 130,000
Sally's Capital (w.2) 200,000
Total Capital 330,000
Workings:
w.1: Harry's Capital = Cash contributed + Land contributed = $30,000 + $100,000 = $130,000
w.2: Sally's Capital = Equipment contributed = $200,000
A perpetual bond with a par value of $1,000 and a coupon rate of 8.25% (semiannual coupon) has a current market price of $935. What is its yield to maturity?
Answer:
8.88%
Explanation:
Price of the perpetual bond = Interest / Cost of debt
$935 = 82.50 / Cost of debt
Cost of debt = 82.50 / 935
Cost of debt = 0.08824
Cost of debt = 8.88%
A large furniture and appliance rental business is considering sponsorship options. It has brought together vice-presidents from the various functional areas of the company to determine which sponsorships will most effectively reach the rental company's prospective customers. The rental company has established a:
a. cross-functional team
b. horizontally-organized team
c. vertically-organized team
d. problem-resolution team
e. project committee
Answer:
a. cross-functional team
Explanation:
In this case, the most appropriate is the use of a cross-functional team.
This team is formed by several professionals with knowledge, techniques, skills and resources to help the company achieve its goals and objectives.
The benefits of forming a cross-functional team is to aggregate the potential of each member in a common objective, which ensures greater flexibility of ideas, greater innovation, greater exchange of experiences, which guarantees greater team engagement, greater possibility of designing solutions and greater efficiency in organizational processes.
Question 7 of 10 How much should you save each year for maintenance on your home? $500 Whatever your home inspector recommends 7% of your gross income At least 1% of the purchase price
Answer: At least 1% of the purchase price
Explanation:
The 1% rule is a popular practice that estimates that 1% of a house´s purchase price should be expected to be required for maintenance every year. This is the case for a house that is less than five years old. Houses between 5 and 25 years old could range between a 1 and 4% annual maintenance budget, depending also on its location, the market, its size, and the impact of the weather.
If the government wants to raise tax revenue, which of the following items are good candidates for an excise tax? Why?
a. granola bars.
b. cigarettes.
c. toilet paper.
d. automobile tires.
e. bird feeders.
Answer:
B,C
Explanation:
An excise tax is actually a tax that is levied on a good at purchase.
Cigarettes and tissue paper are good candidates for excise duty. This is because of the fact that both goods are inelastic. There would be no decrease in their consumption if an excise tax is placed on them. People would still purchase them. Tissue paper has no substitute while cigarette would still have buyers regardless of an increase in price.
Kray Inc., which produces a single product, has provided the following data for its most recent month of operations: Number of units produced 6,000 Variable costs per unit: Direct materials $ 40 Direct labor $ 19 Variable manufacturing overhead $ 8 Variable selling and administrative expense $ 2 Fixed costs: Fixed manufacturing overhead $ 144,000 Fixed selling and administrative expense $ 198,000 There were no beginning or ending inventories. The variable costing unit product cost was:
Answer:
The variable costing unit product cost was $69.
Explanation:
Variable Product Costing is a situation whereby only the variable costs of production is taking into account to estimating the cost per unit of a product. This implies that none of the fixed cost will be included in the cost of the product.
Based on the explanation above, the variable costing unit product cost to produce a single product by Kray Inc. can be calculated as follows:
Kray Inc.
Calculation of Variable Costing Unit Product Cost
Particulars Amount ($)
Direct materials 40
Direct labor 19
Variable manufacturing overhead 8
Variable selling and administrative expense 2
Variable cost per unit 69
Therefore, the variable costing unit product cost was $69.
Rob and Lori purchased a home for $350,000 with an additional $5,000 in related purchase costs and then added a garage at a cost of $25,000. They sold the home for $450,000 and paid $28,000 in selling costs. How much was adjusted basis?
Answer: $380,000
Explanation:
To calculate the adjusted basis, we add the original cost, to the improvement cost and and then deduct depletion and depreciation cost.
From the scenario, since Rob and Lori purchased a home for $350,000 with an additional $5,000 in related purchase costs and then added a garage at a cost of $25,000 and then sold the home for $450,000 and paid $28,000 in selling costs.
The adjusted basis will be:
= $350,000 + $5,000 + $25,000
= $380,000
All else being equal, a marketing channel that has a high cost per exposure will have a ________ return on investment.
Answer:
all else being equal, a marketing channel that has a high cost per exposure will have a low return on investment
Suppose that the value of an investment in the stock market has increased at an average compound rate of about 5% since 1912. It is now 2016. a. If someone invested $1,000 in 1912, how much would that investment be worth today?
Answer:
FV= $159,840.60
Explanation:
Giving the following information:
Initial investment= $1,000
Number of years= 2016 - 1912= 104
Interest rate= 5%
To calculate the value of the investment today, we need to use the following formula:
FV= PV*(1+i)^n
FV= 1,000*(1.05^104)
FV= $159,840.60
The firm has total fixed costs of $9 and a constant marginal cost of $3 per unit. The firm will maximize profit with a. 9 units of output. b. 15 units of output. c. 21 units of output. d. 30 units of output.
Answer:
b. 15 units of output.
Explanation:
information regarding sales price and quantity demanded is missing, so I looked it up (see attached file):
units sales revenue total costs profits
9 $216 $36 $180
15 $270 $54 $216
21 $252 $72 $180
30 $90 $99 ($9)
Lake Co. receives nonrefundable advance payments with special orders for containers constructed to customer specifications. Related information for 2021 is as follows ($ in millions): Customer advances balance, Dec. 31, 2020 $ 120 Advances received with 2021 orders 189 Advances applicable to orders shipped in 2021 182 Advances from orders canceled in 2021 36 What amount should Lake report as a current liability for advances from customers in its Dec. 31, 2021, balance sheet
Answer:
Lake Co.
Current Liability for Advances from Customers in Dec. 31, 2021 balance sheet:
Amount to report as current liability for advances from customers:
= $127
Explanation:
Advances from Customers:
Dec. 31, 2020 balance $120
Cash received 189
Total liability $309
Earned Revenue 182
Current liability $127
Advances, which Lake Co., received from customers for orders not yet fulfilled are recorded as deferred revenue or liabilities because Lake Co. is still owing the respective customers until the services or goods are provided. Earned Revenue is the value of revenue that would be reported in the income summary for which exchange of value or promises had been completed.
Answer:
the guy above me is correct!!
Explanation:
The total amount paid on a 35 year loan was $98,000. If the interest rate was 4.1% and compounded monthly, what was the principal
Answer:
Principal = $23,392.45
Explanation:
To solve this, we are required to find a certain amount invested for 35 years at an interest rate of 4.1% compounded annually, yielding $98,000.
The formula for compounded interest is used, and this is done as follows:
[tex]FV=PV(1+\frac{r}{n} )^{nt}\\Where:\\FV=Future\ value\ =\ \$98,000\\PV= Present\ value\ =\ ???\\r= interest\ rate\ = 4.1\%=0.041\\n = number\ of\ compounding\ periods\ per\ year\ = monthly\ = \ 12\\ t= time\ =\ 35\ years[/tex]
[tex]98000=PV(1+\frac{0.041}{12} )^{(12\times35)}\\98000=PV(1+0.003417)^{420}\\98000=PV(1.003416667)^{(420)}\\98000=PV(4.189386)\\PV= \frac{98000}{4.189386} \\\\=PV= \$23,392.45[/tex]
Therefore, the principal is approximately $23,392
american snacks inc, a conglomerate, has a strategic alliance with tres bien limite, a french snack-maker. concerned that the different business units what can owners and managers at american snacks do to respond to tres biens concern
Answer: c. Arrange for the alliance to be managed at the corporate level.
Explanation:
To mitigate the risk of the various units of American Snacks partnering with Très Bien competitors, the alliance should be managed at Corporate level. All the different units are subservient at Corporate level therefore managing the alliance from there would mean that the different units cannot partner with rivals because Corporate level decisions are strategic and affect the entire company.
Partnering with rivals would therefore be unfeasible across the entire company.
Titan Mining Corporation has 7.6 million shares of common stock outstanding, 280,000 shares of 4.5% preferred stock outstanding, and 165,000 bonds with a semi-annual coupon rate of 5.9% outstanding, par value $2,000 each. The common stock currently sells for $61 per share and has a beta of 1.15, the preferred stock has a par value of $100 and currently sells for $95 per share, and the bonds have 19 years to maturity and sell for 109% of par. The market risk premium is 7.1%, T-bills are yielding 3.5%, and the company’s tax rate is 25%.
A. What is the firm’s market value capital structure?
B. If the company is evaluating a new investment project that has the same risk as the firm’s typical project, what rate should the firm use to discount the project’s cash flows?
Answer:
A. The Capital structure is : 4.23 % - Equity, 6.59 % - Preferred Shares and 89.17 % - Debt
B. The firm should discount the project’s cash flows at 4.45 %.
Explanation:
Total Market Value = Market Value of Equity + Market Value of Debt + Market Value of Preferred Shares
Market Value of Equity = 280,000 shares × $61
= $17,080,000
Market Value of Preferred Shares = 280,000 shares × $95
= $26,600,000
Market Value of Debt = 165,000 bonds × $2,000 × 109%
= $359,700,000
Total Market Value = $403,380,000
Capital Structure :
Weight of Equity = $17,080,000 / $403,380,000 × 100
= 4.23 %
Weight of Preferred Shares = $26,600,000 / $403,380,000 × 100
= 6.59 %
Weight of Debt = $359,700,000 / $403,380,000 × 100
= 89.17 %
Thus, the market value capital structure is : 4.23 % - Equity, 6.59 % - Preferred Shares and 89.17 % - Debt
Firms use the Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC) to discount the project’s cash flows.
Cost of Debt, r
PV = $2000 × 109 % = - $2,100
PMT = ($2,000 × 5.9%) ÷ 2 = $59
n = 19 × 2 = 38
P/YR = 2
FV = $2,000
r = ?
Using a Financial Calculator, Pretax cost of debt, r is 5,47 %
After tax cost of debt = Interest × ( 1 - tax rate)
= 5,47 % × ( 1 - 0.25)
= 4.10 %
Cost of Equity
Cost of Equity = Return on Risk Free Security + Beta × Return on Risk Premium Portfolio
= 3.5 % + 1.15 × 7.1%
= 11.67 %
Cost of Preference Stock
Cost of Preference Stocks = 4.5%
WACC = ke(W/V) + kd(D/V) + kp(P/V)
= 11.67 % × 4.23 % + 4.10 % × 89.17 % + 4.5% × 6.59 %
= 4.45 %
if the fed sells $2 million of bonds to the First National bank, what happens to reserves and the monetary base
Answer:
First National bank
ASSETS
Decrease in RESERVE $2 million
Increase in SECURITIES $2 million
Federal Reserve
ASSETS:Decrease in RESERVE $2 million
LIABILITIES:Decrease in SECURITIES $2 million
Decrease in Reserve by $2 million while the Monetary Base Decrease by $2 million
Explanation:
Based on the information given if federal reserve sell the amount of $2 million of bonds to the First National bank, what will happen is that:
1. In First National bank:
Assets
RESERVE will decrease by the amount of $2 million while the SECURITIES will increase by the same amount of $2 million.
2. In Federal reserve :
Assets and Liabilities
Both the RESERVE AND SECURITIES will decrease by the amount of $2 million.
3. The Reserve will decrease by the amount of $2 million while Monetary Base will as well decrease by the same amount of $2 million.
In Summary
First National bank
ASSETS
Decrease in RESERVE $2 million
Increase in SECURITIES $2 million
Federal Reserve
ASSETS:Decrease in RESERVE $2 million
LIABILITIES:Decrease in SECURITIES $2 million
Decrease in Reserve by $2 million while the Monetary Base Decrease by $2 million
Jamie has worked for ABC Printing for 5 years. During this period ABC Printing has contributed $25,000 to her non-contributory retirement plan. Assuming ABC uses graded schedule vesting, how much will Jamie be able to roll into an IRA if she left ABC Printing after 5 years?
Answer:
$20,000
Explanation:
Generally a graded vesting schedule lasts 6 years. After the first 2 years, the employee is entitled to 20% of accrued benefits (in this case contributions to her retirement plan). Then, the employee will be vested an additional 20% of the contribution benefits per year until the sixth year when 100% of the benefits are vested.
In this case, Jamie would be able to roll out $25,000 x 80% = $20,000
End of year % vested
2 20%
3 40%
4 60%
5 80%
6 100%
In his 1935 book, Harold Laswell described politics as "Who Gets What When How." The American concept of pluralism, or group politics, includes all of the following except _________________.
A) placing others into decision-making positions.
B) removing inefficient or ineffective representatives.
C) casting one's ballot on Election Day.
D) influencing decisions affecting one's life.
Answer:
D) influencing decisions affecting one's life.
Explanation:
Pluralism is an American theory of governance that states that political power is controlled by several groups of people and not the citizens as a whole. These several groups of people constitute organizations, activists, environmentalists, and other impactful groups who seek recognition and acceptance from the populace and who make decisions that affect the citizens. One attribute of Pluralism is the fact that no single elite or groups of elites control decision making in governance.
The groups of people have powers that are limited in scope and regulated by competition with other groups. Moreso, these groups seek approval from the populace and that is why opinion polls, surveys, elections, etc., are carried out in order to ascertain which entities are more popular with the people.
Which of these conditions helped establish the foundation for a market revolution in the United States
Question Completion:
Choices: Rapid improvements in transportation and communication; the production of goods for a cash market; and the use of inventions and innovations to produce goods for a mass market.
Answer:
The condition that helped to establish the foundation for a market revolution in the United States is:
Rapid improvements in transportation and communication
Explanation:
Rapid improvements in transportation and communication spurred innovations. With innovations, capitalism was born. Innovations needed factories for mass production. In turn, according to American History, "factories and mass production increasingly displaced individual artisans and farmers," who survived at subsistent levels. Large farms grew and produced crops for distant markets, no longer only for family and local markets. Most of the crops were further processed, packaged, preserved, and shipped through cheap transportation systems like the Erie Canal, using steamboats. And the rest, they say, is history.
Consider the single factor APT. Portfolio A has a beta of 1.7 and an expected return of 19%. Portfolio B has a beta of .6 and an expected return of 15%. The risk-free rate of return is 11%. If you wanted to take advantage of an arbitrage opportunity, you should take a short position in portfolio __________ and a long position in portfolio _________. Multiple Choice A;A A;B B;B B;A
Answer: A;B
Explanation:
Consider the single factor APT. Portfolio A has a beta of 1.7 and an expected return of 19%. Portfolio B has a beta of .6 and an expected return of 15%. The risk-free rate of return is 11%. If you wanted to take advantage of an arbitrage opportunity, you should take a short position in portfolio A and a long position in portfolio B.
You should take a short position in the Portfolio with a lower risk premium and a long position on the Portfolio with a higher risk premium.
Using the single factor APT, the formula for risk premium can be derived from;
E(r) = Rf + beta (Risk premium on factor)
Portfolio A
19% = 11% + 1.7 * Risk premium
1.7 * risk premium = 8%
Risk Premium = 4.7%
Portfolio B
15% = 11% + 0.6 * RP
0.6 * RP = 4%
RP = 6.67%
Portfolio A Risk premium is lower so it should be shorted.
Portfolio B Risk premium is higher so it should taken a long position in.
Joseph contributed $25,000 in cash and equipment with a tax basis of $6,400 and a fair market value of $12,600 to Berry Hill Partnership in exchange for a partnership interest.
a. What is Joseph’s tax basis in his partnership interest?
b. What is Berry Hill’s basis in the equipment?
Answer:
(A) $31,400
(B) $6,400
Explanation:
Joseph contributed $25,000 in cash and equipment
The tax basis is $6,400
The fair market value paid to Bill hill partnership is $12,600
(A) Joseph tax basis in his partnership interest can be calculated as follows
= contribution+tax basis
= $25,000+$6,400
= $31,400
(B) Since Joseph contributed a tax basis of $6,400 to Bill hill partnership in exchange for a partnership interest then, Bill hill's basis in the equipment is $6,400
Mark Ward is a farmer who owns land which borders on the right-of-way of the Northern Railroad. On August 10, 2007, due to the admitted negligence of the Railroad, hay on the farm was set on fire and burned. Ward had had a dispute with the Railroad for several years concerning the ownership of a small parcel of land. The representative of the Railroad has offered to assign any rights which the Railroad may have in the land to Ward in exchange for a release of his right to reimbursement for the loss he has sustained from the fire. Ward appears inclined to accept the Railroad's offer. The Railroad's 2007 financial statements should include the following related to the incident:_________
A. recognition of a loss and creation of a liability for the value of the land.
B. disclosure in note form only.
C. recognition of a loss only.
D. creation of a liability only.
Answer:
A. recognition of a loss and creation of a liability for the value of the land.
Explanation:
This is because, in the financial statement of the Railroad company, it goes to show the financial dealings which the company had within the fiscal year under review. Since, the Northern Railroad Company and Mark Ward has reached an agreement, the best would be the recognition of the loss and create a liability for the value of the land in their financial statement. It will afford the investors to be aware of the assets and liability of the company at the present time.
Under the principles of agency law, any sale of goods by a salesperson in a store to a customer can be binding on the owner of the store. True False
Answer: True
Explanation:
Under Agency Law in relation to employment, the salesperson is acting as an agent of the owner of the store and as such is their representative. As their representative, it is assumed that whatever they are selling is from the Owner whom they represent and as such can be binding on the owner.
This is why the Agent must act in the best interest of the owner because the owner could be held negligent for the actions of their agents. For instance, a salesperson will not be sued for a faulty equipment that caused harm but the store can.
If the effective annual rate of interest is known to be 16.08% on a debt that has quarterly payments, what is the annual percentage rate?
Answer:
15.19%
Explanation:
According to the given situation, the computation of the annual percentage rate is shown below:-
Annual percentage rate = (1 + APR ÷ n^n) -1)
Now we will put the values into the above formula to reach the annual percentage rate
= ((1.1608) × 0.25 - 1) × 4
= 0.1519
or
= 15.19%
Therefore for computing the annual percentage rate we simply applied the above formula.
2. Giving examples, discuss the pros and cons of the globalization debate. Give at least three (3) points each for the pros and cons.
Answer:
The answer is below
Explanation:
Globalization or specifically, Economic Globalization, is a term that (differs from Political and Cultural Globalization) describes the distribution of products, services, technology, information, and jobs across various countries, continents, and cultures.
The advantages or pros of economic globalization includes the following:
1. Economic Globalization is expected to result in free trade that enhances global economic growth; leads to more jobs, makes firms extra competitive, and reduces the prices of products generally.
2. It promotes technological advancement, whereby developed countries utilizes and transfer capital-intensive production and technological advancement to developing countries, through the transfer of labor-intensive production processes.
3. It enhances the quality of life: this is shown when each country involves in a form of division of labor, production, and trade based on their strength and resources. This, in turn, leads to lesser production costs, increases productivity, and results in a better quality of life.
The disadvantages or cons of economic globalization includes the following:
1. Labor markets are exploited in terms of wages and salaries: this occurs whereby workers in developing regions are paid lesser compared to normal or international standards, thus the gap between the upper class and the lower class keeps increasing.
2. Tax Evasion: this occurs when some multinational firms find ways to exploit the tax and operation system of other countries, mostly the less developed and developing countries, so as to avoid paying the necessary taxes.
3. There is also a form of labor exploitation in terms of working conditions, as convicts and child laborers are sometimes encouraged to work in undesirable situations considered to be inhumane where safety standards are overlooked for the purpose of producing cheaper goods.
An aircraft company has an order to refurbish the interiors of 18 jet aircraft. The work has a learning curve percentage of 80. On the basis of experience with similar jobs, the industrial engineering department estimates that the first plane will require 300 hours to refurbish. Estimate the amount of time needed to complete:
a. The fifth plane
b. The first five planes
c. All 18 planes
Answer:
a. 125.43 hours
b. 767.92 hours
c. 2,129.04 hours
Explanation:
Using the mathematical approach, we have :
y = ax ^b
Where ,
y is the average time to manufacture x units
a is the time its takes to manufacture first plane
b is the log of 80% divided by log 2
Then,
Average time for 5 planes = 300 (5)^-0.322
= 178.67 hours
Total time for 5 planes = 178.67 hours × 5
= 893.35
Average time for 4 planes = 300 (4)^-0.322
= 191.98 hours
Total time for 5 planes = 191.98 hours × 4
= 767.92 hours
The fifth plane would take = 893.35 - 767.92
= 125.43 hours
Average time for the 18 planes = 300(18)^-0.322
= 118,28 hours
Total time for 18 planes = 118,28 hours × 18
= 2,129.04 hours
Lewis Company’s standard labor cost of producing one unit of Product DD is 3.20 hours at the rate of $12.50 per hour. During August, 42,600 hours of labor are incurred at a cost of $12.65 per hour to produce 13,200 units of Product DD.
A. Compute the total labor variance.
B. Compute the labor price and quantity variances.
C. Compute the labor price and quantity variances, assuming the standard is 3.5 hours of direct labor at $12.85 per hour.
Answer:
a. $10,890 Favorable
b. The labor price variance and quantity variance are $6,300 Favorable and $4,500 Favorable respectively.
c. The labor price and quantity variance is $8,520 Unfavorable and $46,260 Unfavorable respectively.
Explanation:
a. The computation of Total labor variance
= (Actual hours × Actual rate) - (Standard hours × Standard rate)
= (42,600 × $12.65) - ( 13,200 units × 3.2 × $12.5)
= $538,890 - $528,000
= $10,890F
b. The computation of the Labor price variance
= Actual hours × ( Actual rate - Standard rate)
= 42,600 × ( $12.65 - $12.5)
= 42,000 × $0.15
= $6,300 F
The computation of Labor quantity variance
= Standard rate × ( Actual hours - Standard hours)
= $12.5 per hour × ( 42,600 hours - 42,240 hours )
= $12.5 per hour × 360 hours
= $4,500 F
c. The computation of Labor price variance
= Actual hours × ( Actual rate - Standard rate)
= 42,600 × ( $12.65 - $12.85 )
= 42,600 × - $0.2
= $8,520 Unfavorable
The computation of Labor quantity variance
= Standard rate × ( Actual hours - Standard hours)
= $12.85 per unit × ( 42,600 hours - 46,200 hours)
= $12.85 per unit × - $3,600
= $46,260 Unfavorable.
You are going to form a portfolio with stocks A & B with the following information: Stock Expected Return Standard Deviation wi A 10% 30% 0.2 B 20% 40% 0.8 What is the portfolio’s standard deviation
Answer:
portfolio's standard deviation = 0.3256
Explanation:
Stock Expected Return Standard Deviation Wi
A 10% 30% 0.2
B 20% 40% 0.8
covariance = [(10% - 10%) x (20% - 20%)] / (2 - 1) = 0
portfolio's standard deviation = (stock A's Wi² x variance) + (stock B's Wi² x variance) + (2 x covariance x weight A x weight B)
portfolio's standard deviation = √{(0.2² x 0.09) + (0.8² x 0.16) + 0} = √(0.0036 + 0.1024) = √0.106 = 0.3256
Care Foundation is a voluntary health and welfare organization funded by contributions from the general public. In its Statement of Activities, the annual provision for depreciation should:
Question options:
A) Not be included.
B) Be included as an element of support.
C) Be included as an element of changes in fund balances.
D) Be included as an element of expense.
Answer:
D) Be included as an element of expense
Explanation:
Care foundation is a voluntary health and welfare organization funded by contributions from the public and therefore is a non-profit organization. Non profit organizations use statement of activities and not income statements used by for profit organizations in reporting revenue and expenses for the year. In the case of non profit organizations, statement of activities are reported as statement of expenses for the year.
Under GASB, direct expenses are expenses that can be linked to a program, department or activity and therefore can be directly linked to that function. Depreciation is a direct expense for non profit accounts and should be charged as expense for the relevant year based on the function of the capital asset it can be traced to. For example a capital asset that can be linked to a particular function should charge it's depreciation expenses as direct expenses based on its functions
