Answers
Explanation:
Introducción:
La designación de los compuestos orgánicos puede hacerse utulizando alguno de los
siguientes sistemas:
a) Mediante nombres triviales o comunes, que expresen alguna propiedad característica
(sabor, color, acción fisiológica, etc.) o hagan referencia a la materia de la cual se extrajo el
compuesto.
b) Mediante nombres racionales que proporcionen una idea de su constitucion química y
destaquen sus analogías estructurales.
La necesidad de una nomenclatura sistemática, que expresara en forma clara, conforme
a normas precisas, el nombre y la estructura de los compuestos orgánicos, ha sido motivo de
preocupación permanente y observada a través de los numerosos congresos internacionales
que, al efecto, se han realizado en diversas oportunidades.
Las bases del actual sistema de nomenclatura fueron establecidas por una comisión que
se reunió en Ginebra en 1892. Posteriormente, fue perfeccionado y ampliado por el Comité de
Nomenclatura de la Unión Internacional de Química Pura y Aplicada, por lo que se conoce
como sistema I.U.P.A.C. (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry).
En las reglas aprobadas se ha tratado de introducir los menores cambios posibles a la
terminología universalmente adoptada. El sistema tiene la necesaria flexibilidad como para
adaptar la forma precisa de las palabras, de las terminaciones, etc. a las características de
distintos idiomas.
El nombre de los hidrocarburos consta de tres partes: a) la raíz, que indica el esqueleto
carbonado; b) la terminación o sufijo, que indica el grado de saturación, y c) el prefijo que
diferencia las distintas estructuras isoméricas (distintas estructuras construidas con exactamente
los mismos átomos).
Ej.: CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3 pentano (tambien llamado n-pentano)
penta: raíz que señala el número de átomos de carbono que componen la cadena principal
del compuesto.
-ano: sufijo que indica que el hidrocarburo es saturado
Related Questions
A ligand is a molecule or ion that acts as a
Answers
Answer:
Lewis base/electron pair donors
Explanation:
Ligands are ions or neutral molecules which bond together with a central ion. They act as election pair donors, also known as Lewis bases, while the central ion they are connected to acts as the acceptor.
Therefore, a ligand is a molecule or ion that acts as a Lewis base/electron pair donors
Suppose you have a mixture of copper sulfate (CuSO4) and azulene (C10H8, you may wish to know the structure of azulene). Both copper sulfate and azulene are beautiful deep blue cystalline solids. If you transferred the mixture to a separatory funnel containing both an aqueous and and organic solvents (1M HCl and dichloromethane), into which layer would the copper sulfate partition, aqueous or organic?
A. Aqueous layer (1 M HCI)
B. Organic layer (dichloromethane)
C. Copper sulfate would partition nearly equally into both the aqueous and organic layers
Answers
Answer:
Aqueous layer (1 M HCI)
Explanation:
First of us I want to remind you of the cliché in chemistry that like dissolves like. In solvent extraction, a mixture is dissolved in a system consisting of two immiscible solvents. One layer is organic while the other layer is aqueous.
Polar substances partition in the aqueous layer while nonpolar substances partition in the organic layer.
Since Copper sulfate is ionic, we will find it in the aqueous layer according to the old chemistry cliche.
Use dimensional analysis to solve the following problems. Pay attention to correct use of units and correct use of significant figures in calculations.
1) Convert 8.00 moles of aluminum to grams.
2) Convert 10.5 moles of aluminum chloride to grams.
Answers
Answer:
Solution given:
1:
1 mole of aluminum =26.98 gram
8 mole =26.98*8=215.84 gram
8.00 moles of aluminum =215.84grams.
2:
1 mole of aluminum chloride =133.34 grams
10.5 moles of aluminum chloride =133.34*10.5=1400.07 grams
10.5 moles of aluminum chloride =1400 grams.
#1
Molar mass of Al=27g/mol1mol.of Al=27g
8mol of Al=27(8)=216g
#2
Molar mass of AlCl3=133.5g/mol
1 mol of AlCl3=133.5g
10.5mol.of AlCl3=10.5(133.5)=1401.75g
In lab (write this down in your lab protocol), you will be given a stock solution that has a glucose concentration of 60 mg/dL. You need to make 1 mL of each of the following glucose concentrations: 0.94 mg/dL, 1.88 mg/dL, 3.75 mg/dL, 7.5 mg/dL, 15 mg/dL, and 30 mg/dL. Distilled water will be the solvent in these dilutions. Enter your numbers only. 1. What is the dilution factor for this serial dilution? 2. What is the V2 for this serial dilution in mL? 3. What is the V1 for this serial dilution in mL?
Answers
Answer:
1. The dilution factor for the serial dilution = 2
2. V2 = 1 mL
3. V1 = 0.5 mL
Explanation:
1. Dilution factor is the ratio of the initial concentration to the final concentration.
Dilution factor = initial concentration / final concentration
First dilution: initial concentration = 60 mg/dL
final concentration = 30 mg/dL
Dilution factor = 60 mg/dL / 30 mg/dL = 2
Second dilution: initial concentration = 30 mg/dL
final concentration = 15 mg/dL
Dilution factor = 30 mg/dL / 15 mg/dL = 2
Therefore, the dilution factor for the serial dilution = 2
2. From the dilution formula, C1V1 = C2V2; V2 = final volume to be prepared.
Since 1 mL of the various glucose solutions are to be prepared, the final concentration, V2 = 1 mL
3. From the dilution formula, C1V1 = C2V2; V1 = initial concentration of the solution to be prepared.
C1/C2 = V2/V1
Since the dilution factor, C1/C2 is 2, V2/V1 = 2
V1 = V2/2
V1 = 1 mL / 2
V1 = 0.5 mL
A gas occupies a volume of 202 ml at a pressure of 505 torr. To what pressure must the gas be subject in order to change the volume to 65.0 ml
Answers
Answer:
1569 torr
Explanation:
Assuming ideal behaviour and constant temperature, we can solve this problem by using Boyle's law, which states:
V₁P₁ = V₂P₂Where in this case:
V₁ = 202 mLP₁ = 505 torrV₂ = 65.0 mLP₂ = ?We input the data given by the problem:
202 mL * 505 torr = 65.0 mL * P₂And solve for P₂:
P₂ = 1569 torrWhat type of intermolecular force exist between H2O and Br2
Answers
Answer:
welcome to mobile legends
Explanation:
ml ka muna maya kana mag module
what happens to water molecules when water vapor change to ice
Answers
Answer:
When the water vapor is cooled by the ice, the water molecules slow down more than in the cup without the ice. This allows their attractions to bring more molecules together to become liquid water.
net ionic equation for 2AgF(aq) + k2S = Ag2S (s) + 2KF(aq)
Answers
Answer:
The net ionic equation shows the actual reaction more clearly and closer to reality because it writes soluble ionic compounds as the ions and then cancel the spectator ions not involved in the chemical reaction . The net ionic equation results shows the actual chemical reaction taking place.
The net ionic equation for for 2AgF(aq) + k₂S = Ag₂S (s) + 2KF(aq) will be; 2 Ag⁺(aq) + S²⁻(aq) → Ag₂S(s).
To write the net ionic equation for the reaction, we first need to write the balanced molecular equation and then convert it into the ionic equation before finally identifying the net ionic equation.
Write the balanced molecular equation:
2 AgF(aq) + K₂S(aq) → Ag₂S(s) + 2 KF(aq)
In this reaction, silver fluoride (AgF) reacts with potassium sulfide (K₂S) to produce silver sulfide (Ag₂S) and potassium fluoride (KF).
Write the complete ionic equation:
In the complete ionic equation, we separate all the aqueous species (dissociated ions) into their individual ions. Only the solid (s) and gas (g) compounds remain unchanged.
2 Ag⁺(aq) + 2 F⁻(aq) + 2 K⁺(aq) + S²⁻(aq) → Ag₂S(s) + 2 K⁺(aq) + 2 F⁻(aq)
Identify the spectator ions and then write the net ionic equation:
The spectator ions are the ions that do not participate in the actual chemical reaction and remain the same on both sides of the equation. In this reaction, the potassium ions (K⁺) and fluoride ions (F⁻) are spectator ions because they appear on both sides of the equation unchanged.
Net ionic equation:
2 Ag⁺(aq) + S²⁻(aq) → Ag₂S(s)
The net ionic equation shows only the species that actively participate in the chemical reaction. In this case, the silver ions (Ag⁺) and sulfide ions (S²⁻) are the ones involved in forming the silver sulfide (Ag₂S) precipitate.
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--The given question is incomplete, the complete question is
"Write the net ionic equation for this reaction. 2AgF(aq) + k₂S = Ag₂S (s) + 2KF(aq)."--
What’s the IUPAC name
O
||
CH3CH2CH2CH2COCH3
Answers
Answer:
Methyl pentanoate.
Explanation:
Hello there!
In this case, according to the given information, we can see the correct structure will be:
O
||
CH3CH2CH2CH2COCH3
Which matches with the structure of an ester due to the -COO- functional group. In such a case, the first part of the name is in function of the right side of the ester, in this case, methyl, followed by the left side, pentanoate, as it has five carbon atoms and is an ester (similar to an inorganic salt, but organic) and therefore, the name will be methyl pentanoate.
Regards!
Plastic is a polymer
-True
-False
Answers
TRUE
Explanation:
*not sure about this answer
Hope I’m right sorry if I’m not
The elemental mass percent composition of succinic acid is 40.68% C, 5.12% H, and 54.19% O. Determine the empirical formula of succinic acid. Express your answer as a chemical formula.
Answers
Answer:
C₂H₃O₂
Explanation:
To determine the empirical formula of succinic acid, we need to follow a series of steps.
Step 1: Divide each mass percent by the atomic mass of the element
C: 40.68/12.01 = 3.39
H: 5.12/1.01 = 5.07
O: 54.19/16.00 = 3.39
Step 2: Divide all the numbers by the smallest one, i.e. 3.39
C: 3.39/3.39 = 1
H: 5.07/3.39 ≈ 1.5
O: 3.39/3.39 = 1
Step 3: Multiply all the numbers by a factor that makes them all integers, i.e. 2
C: 1 × 2 = 2
H: 1.5 × 2 = 3
O: 1 × 2 = 2
The empirical formula of succinic acid is C₂H₃O₂.
One of the fastest ways to dissolve a solid in a liquid requires adding energy and exposing as much surface area of the solid as possible. Which of the following would be the quickest way to dissolve the largest possible amount of gelatin powder in a quart of water?
(1) Use cold water and stir it as the gelatin powder is added.
(2) Use hot water and stir it as the gelatin powder is added.
(3) Place the gelatin powder in a chilled container and pour lukewarm water over it.
(4) Place the gelatin powder in water that contains ice cubes.
(5) Place the gelatin powder and water at room temperature in a closed container and shake it.
Please help me.
Answers
Place the gelatin powder in a chilled container and pour lukewarm water over it
Answer:
2
Explanation:
I think because the hot water would enable it to dissolve much faster as compared to cold water.its like when adding sugar to a cup of tea it would dissolve much faster in hot tea rather than cold tea
Match each type of muscle tissues to the action it performs in the body
Answers
Answer:
where are the muscle tissues
3. At 35 C, a sample of gas has a volume of 256 ml and a pressure of 720.torr. What would the volume
be if the temperature were changed to 22 C and the pressure to 1.25 atmospheres
Answers
Answer:
The volume will be 185.83 mL.
Explanation:
Gay-Lussac's law indicates that when there is a constant volume, as the temperature increases, the pressure of the gas increases. And when the temperature is decreased, the pressure of the gas decreases. Gay-Lussac's law can be expressed mathematically as follows:
[tex]\frac{P}{T} =k[/tex]
Where P = pressure, T = temperature, k = Constant
Boyle's law says that the volume occupied by a given gaseous mass at constant temperature is inversely proportional to pressure. Boyle's law is expressed mathematically as:
P*V=k
Where P = pressure, V = volume, k = Constant
Finally, Charles's Law consists of the relationship that exists between the volume and the temperature of a certain quantity of ideal gas, which is kept at a constant pressure. For a given sum of gas at a constant pressure, as the temperature increases, the volume of the gas increases and as the temperature decreases, the volume of the gas decreases because the temperature is directly related to the energy of the movement of the gas molecules. .
In summary, Charles's law is a law that says that when the amount of gas and pressure are kept constant, the quotient that exists between the volume and the temperature will always have the same value:
[tex]\frac{V}{T} =k[/tex]
Combined law equation is the combination of three gas laws called Boyle's, Charlie's and Gay-Lusac's law:
[tex]\frac{P*V}{T} =k[/tex]
Studying two different states, an initial state 1 and a final state 2, it is satisfied:
[tex]\frac{P1*V1}{T1} =\frac{P2*V2}{T2}[/tex]
In this case:
P1= 720 torr V1= 256 mLT1= 35 C= 308 K (being 0 C= 273 K)P2= 1.25 atm= 950 torr (being 1 atm= 760 torr)V2= ?T2= 22 C= 295 KReplacing:
[tex]\frac{720 torr*256 mL}{308 K} =\frac{950 torr*V2}{295 K}[/tex]
Solving:
[tex]V2= \frac{295K}{950 torr} *\frac{720 torr*256 mL}{308 K}[/tex]
V2= 185.83 mL
The volume will be 185.83 mL.
Please help
In which atom do the valence electrons experience the larger electron affinity, Rb or
Sr? Explain why
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
The electron affinity (EA) of an element is the energy change that occurs ... Atoms with the largest radii, which have the lowest ionization energies (affinity for their own valence electrons), also have the ... Based on their positions in the periodic table, which of Rb, Sr, or Xe would you
What is the specific heat of a substance if 373 J is required to raise the temperature of a 312 g sample by 15°C?
Answers
Answer:
0.080 J/g °C
General Formulas and Concepts:
Thermodynamics
Specific Heat Formula: q = mcΔT
q is heat (in J)m is mass (in g)c is specific heat (in J/g °C)ΔT is change in temperature (in °C)Explanation:
Step 1: Define
[Given] q = 373 J
[Given] m = 312 g
[Given] ΔT = 15 °C
[Solve] c
Step 2: Find Specific Heat
Substitute in variables [Specific Heat Formula]: 373 J = (312 g)c(15 °C)Multiply: 373 J = (4680 g °C)cIsolate c: c = 0.079701 J/g °CStep 3: Check
Follow sig fig rules and round. We are given 2 sig figs as our lowest.
0.079701 J/g °C ≈ 0.080 J/g °C
Topic: AP Chemistry
Unit: Thermodynamics
Assuming tea leaves contain 5.0% caffeine by weight what is the maximum weight of caffeine you could isolate from 10.g of tea leaves? Show your work.
Answers
Answer:
0.50 g Caffeine
Explanation:
Step 1: Given data
Concentration of caffeine by weight in tea leaves: 5.0%
Mass of tea leaves: 10. g
Step 2: Calculate the maximum weight of caffeine that can be isolated
The concentration of caffeine by weight in tea leaves is 5.0%, that is, there are 5.0 g of caffeine per 100 g of tea leaves. The maximum weight of caffeine in 10. g of tea leaves is:
10. g Tea leaves × 5.0 g Caffeine/100 g Tea leaves = 0.50 g Caffeine
The word "cumulative" means that something builds on itself. Which example best shows how scientific knowledge is cumulative?
Answers
which molecule has 9 carbon atoms
Answers
Answer:
c9h8o2
Explanation:
The molecule which has 9 carbon atom is [tex]C_{9} H_{8} O[/tex](cinnamaldehyde).
What is molecule?More than one atoms make up a molecule. If they have more than one atom, atoms could be the same for example, an oxygen molecule contains two oxygen atoms) as well as different (for example, a hydrogen molecule contains two hydrogen atoms.
What is cinnamaldehyde?Cinnamaldehyde is a kind of organic chemical with the formula C6H5CH=CHCHO and the formula C6H5CH=CHCHO. It's mostly the trans isomer that's found in nature.
It is known that the number of carbon atom is 9 hence molecule will be cinnamaldehyde
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A 100.0-g sample of sodium hydroxide contains sodium, oxygen, and hydrogen. The
sample contains 2.53 g of hydrogen and 40.0 g of oxygen. What mass of sodium is in
the sample? (Record your answer as a 3 digit number)
Answers
Answer:
57.47 grams of sodium is in the sample.
Explanation:
Given that a 100.0-g sample of sodium hydroxide contains sodium, oxygen, and hydrogen, and the sample contains 2.53 g of hydrogen and 40.0 g of oxygen, to determine what mass of sodium is in the sample the following calculation must be performed:
100 - (40 + 2.53) = X
100 - 42.53 = X
57.47 = X
Therefore, 57.47 grams of sodium is in the sample.
difference between hygroscopic and deliquescent substance with of each
Answers
Answer:
The water soluble substance which absorb moisture from the air and then dissolve on the absorbed moisture to change into liquid taste are called deliquescent substances whereas the substances which absorb moisture from air but do not change their state are called hygroscopic substances.
Answer:
Hygroscopic substances absorb moisture from the air but do not dissolve in it, whereas substance that undergo deliquescence dissolves in the water vapour that is absorbed from the air, forming a liquid solution
Which group of carbohydrates is unique in that its members are strong anions, containing a significant concentration of carboxylate and sulfate
Answers
Answer:
The options are
A) Glycosaminoglycans
B) Gangliosides
C) Peptidoglycans
D) Proteoglycans
E) Selectins
The answer is A) Glycosaminoglycans
Glycosaminoglycans are polysaccharides which comprises of repetitive disaccharides. They are negatively charged as a result of the strong anions present. They are present in some cells of the body and they help in transmission of signals between cells etc.
They also comprise of carboxylate and sulfate groups in its structure.
Aluminum hydroxide is insoluble in pure water but dissolves in a solution of sodium hydroxide because: Select the correct answer below: hydroxide ions neutralize the Al3 ion, a Lewis acid aluminum participates in an acid-base reaction in the presence of sodium hydroxide the excess of hydroxide ions pushes the equilibrium toward further dissolution of Al(OH)3 aluminum forms a complex ion with excess hydroxide
Answers
Answer:
aluminum forms a complex ion with excess hydroxide
Explanation:
Complex formation accounts for the dissolution of certain compounds. For instance,reaction of aluminum and sodium hydroxide yields insoluble aluminum hydroxide as follows;
Al(s) + 3NaOH(aq) -----> Al(OH)3(s) +Na(s)
However, in excess NaOH, the solid aluminum hydroxide dissolves as due to the formation of a complex Al(OH)4^- in the solution.
Explain the term global warming
Answers
Answer: A gradual increase in the overall temperature of the earth's atmosphere generally attributed to the greenhouse effect caused by increased levels of carbon dioxide, chlorofluorocarbons, and other pollutants.
Explanation:
Calculate the concentration of ammonium nitrate in a solution prepared by dissolving 3.20 g of the salt in enough water to make 100. mL of solution, then diluting 2.00 mL of this solution to a volume of 25.00 mL.
Answers
Answer:
.032 M .
Explanation:
Molecular weight of ammonium nitrate is 80 .
3.2 g = 3.2 / 80 moles
= .04 moles
volume = 100 mL = 0.1 L
Molarity of 100 mL solution = .04 moles / 0.1 L
= 0.4 M solution.
Now 2 mL solution of 0.4 M is diluted to a volume of 25 mL .
Using the formula S₁ V₁ = S₂V₂
0.4 M x 2 mL = S₂ x 25 mL
S₂ = .4 x 2 / 25
= .032 M
Hence required concentration is .032 M .
What is the direct function of the energy released from the nuclear chain reaction in a nuclear power plant? turning the blades of the turbine heating water to produce steam powering the condenser carrying electricity from the plant to consumers
Answers
Answer:
the energy released is to make steam to create electricity. yes you are right i just didnt feel like being super technical
In a nuclear reaction, the direct function of the energy released from the nuclear chain reaction in a nuclear power plant is turning the blades of the turbine heating water to produce steam .
What are nuclear reactions?There are two types of nuclear reactions which are nuclear fusion and nuclear fission .They involve the combination and disintegration of the element's nucleus respectively.
In nuclear fission, the nucleus of the atom is bombarded with electrons of low energy which splits the nucleus in to two parts .Large amount of energy is released in the process.It is used in nuclear power reactors as it produces large amount of energy.
In nuclear fusion,on the other hand, is a reaction which occurs when two or more atoms combine to form a heavy nucleus.Large amount of energy is released in the process which is greater than that of the energy which is released in nuclear fission process.
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Select the more electronegative element in this pair.
a. Cl F
b. O P
c. N C
d. Be Li
Answers
Answer:
a. F
b. O
c. N
d. Be
Explanation:
Electronegative is a periodic table for the elements which is stated by the Pauling number. EN helps us to state the type of bond which it can be covalent or ionic.
Fluroine is the most electronegative number of the periodic table.
In option A, F (4) is more EN than Cl (3.2)
EN is decreased from right to left in the periodic table (if we see periods) and increases, from bottom to top if we look at the groups
In option B, O (3.4) is more EN than P (2.2)
In option C, N (3) is more EN than C (2.6)
In Option D, Be (1.5) is more EN than Li (1)
Which has the greater amount of energy, the mixture of hydrogen and oxygen or the water?
Suggest a reason for your answer.
Answers
Answer:
water
Explanation:
because its molecular formula is H2O which clarify that, their is the two hydrogen element used in water meanwhile,
mixture of hydrogen and oxygen contain just one hydrogen element and only one oxygen element.
BaCl2+Al(NO3)3=Ba(NO2)3+AlCl3
How many moles of barium nitrate are produced if 4.25 moles of aluminum nitrate are used in the reaction?
Answers
Answer:
6.75 moles of Ba(NO₃)₂.
Explanation:
The balanced equation for the reaction is given below:
3BaCl₂ + 2Al(NO₃)₃ —> 3Ba(NO₃)₂ + 2AlCl₃
From the balanced equation above,
2 moles of Al(NO₃)₃ reacted to produce 3 moles of Ba(NO₃)₂
Finally, we shall determine the number of mole of Ba(NO₃)₂ produced by the reaction of 4.25 moles of Al(NO₃)₃. This can be obtained as illustrated below:
From the balanced equation above,
2 moles of Al(NO₃)₃ reacted to produce 3 moles of Ba(NO₃)₂.
Therefore, 4.25 moles of Al(NO₃)₃ will react to produce = (4.50 × 3)/2 = 6.75 moles of Ba(NO₃)₂.
Thus, 6.75 moles of Ba(NO₃)₂ were obtained from the reaction.
Fluorine gas and water vapor react to form hydrogen fluoride gas and oxygen. What volume of oxygen would be produced by this reaction if "3.0" of water were consumed g
Answers
Answer:
[tex]V_{O2}= 1.5m^3[/tex]
Explanation:
From the question we are told that:
Volume of H_2O consumed [tex]V_{H2O}=3.0cm^3[/tex]
Balanced equation of Reaction is
[tex]2 F_2 + 2 H_2O -> 4 HF + O_2[/tex]
Therefore
O_2 produced in Volume is
[tex]V_{O2}= \frac{1}{2}*V_{H2O}[/tex]
[tex]V_{O2}= \frac{1}{2}*3.0m^3[/tex]
[tex]V_{O2}= 1.5m^3[/tex]
