The first mention of slavery in the statutes of the English colonies of North America does not occur until after 1660-some forty years after the importation of the first Black people. Lest we think that slavery existed in fact before it did in law, Oscar and Mary Handlin assure us that the status of Black people down to the 1660's was that of servants. A critique of the Handlins' interpretation of why legal slavery did not appear until the 1660's suggests that assumptions about the relation between slavery and racial prejudice should be reexamined and that explanations for the different treatment of Black slaves in North and South America should be expanded.

The Handlins explain the appearance of legal slavery by arguing that, during the 1660's, the position of White servants was improving relative to that of Black servants. Thus, the Handlins contend, Black and White servants heretofore treated alike, each attained a different status. There are, however, important objections to this argument. First, the Handlins cannot adequate!y demonstrate that the White servant's position was improving during and after the 1660's; several acts of the Maryland and Virginia legislatures indicate otherwise. Another flaw in the Handlins' interpretation is their assumption that prior to the establishment of legal slavery there was no discrimination against Black people. It is true that before the 1660's Black people were rarely called slaves. But this should not overshadow evidence from the 1630's on that points to racial discrimination without using the term slavery. Such discrimination sometimes stopped short of lifetime servitude or inherited status-the two attributes of true slavery-yet in other cases it included both. The Handlins' argument excludes the real possibility that Black people in the English colonies were never treated as the equals of White people.

This possibility has important ramifications. If from the outset Black people were discriminated against, then legal slavery should be viewed as a reflection and an extension of racial prejudice rather than, as many hIstorians including the Handlins have argued, the cause of prejudice. In addition, the existence of discrimination before the advent of legal slavery offers a further explanation for the harsher treatment of Black slaves in North than in South America. Freyre and Tannenbaum have rightly argued that the lack of certain traditions in North America-such as a Roman conception of slavery and a Roman Catholic emphasis on equality-explains why the treatment of Black slaves was more severe there than in the Spanish and Portuguese colonies of South America. But this cannot be the whole explanation since it is merely negative, based only on a lack of something. A more compelling explanation is that the early and sometimes extreme racial discrimination in the English colonies helped determine the particular nature of the slavery that followed.

Which of the following statements best describes the organization of the first paragraph of the passage?

(A) A historical trend is sketched and an exception to that trend is cited.
(B) Evidence for a historical irregularity is mentioned and a generalization from that evidence is advanced.
(C) A paradox about the origins of an institution is pointed out and the author's explanation of the paradox is expounded.
(D) A statement about a historical phenomenon is offered and a possible misinterpretation of that statement is addressed.
(E) An interpretation of the rise of an institution is stated and evidence for that interpretation is provided.

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

(D) A statement about a historical phenomenon is offered and a possible misinterpretation of that statement is addressed.

Explanation:

I hope this helped! :)


Related Questions

5 curious facts from Mecca and 5 from the Koran.
plssssssssss(?

Answers

The Koran:
1: It has 114 surah and has 30 parts.
2: the revelation started in holy month of Ramadhan.
3: Quran was revealed over 23 years.
4: the meaning of Koran is “ that which is being read.”
5: 25 prophets are mentioned in koran.

Looking at the RAW GOODS (what they grow in the colonies), what MANUFACTURED GOODS do you think each would mal
could sell)?
Example: Raw good = tomatoes, manufactured good = ketchup! (yum)
Hint: you are allowed to do some searching to help you out!
Ready? Enter your answer here.

Answers

you could take wheat and make bread. or you could use milk and strawberries to make strawberry yogurt!

helppppp! true or false? . .. ... all of the stones used to build the pyramids at this time were taken from nearby rock quarries . HELP MEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE

Answers

Hope his helps

Answer- TRUE

During the eighteenth century France witnessed the emergence of a middle class. Reason (R): The emergence of the middle class happened on account of royal patronage. *
1 point
A Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
B Both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A.
C A is true but R is false.
D A is false but R is true.

Answers

The middle class emerged in France in the 18th century and it occurred due to the trading activities like silk to other countries and not royal patronage.

During the eighteenth century, it should be noted that a social group emerged in France that was known as the middle class.

Their wealth were gotten from the manufacturing of goods like silk textile and woolen textile that were and these goods were then sold overseas and this group of people got money from such trade. It should be noted that the emergence of the middle class was not due to royal patronage.

In conclusion, A is true but R is false. Therefore, the correct option is C.

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Which was a common restriction included in the black codes?

Answers

Answer:

Black Codes restricted black's right to own property, conduct business, buy and lease land, and move freely through public spaces. States punished black men who were out of work, or those who were not working at a job that white people recognized.

Please I need help! What were some similarities and differences between Native American cultures in the Great Plains and the East?

Answers

Explanation:

Most white settlers were Christian, native Americans weren't

Native Americans were usually more prepared for Midwest winters than the newer white settlers (survived more gruel-some winters than whites with stocking up on food, clothing, etc.)

Many Native Americans preferred to live and sleep outside during the the spring, summer, and fall while the white settlers depended on their houses for mostly all their shelters.

Which statement BEST describes life in the Soviet Union under totalitarian leader Joseph Stalin?

Answers

Answer:

critics of the government were murdered or imprisoned

Answer:

Everyone was paid very little and there was the

chance of being thrown in jail for no reason.

Explanation:

Many Americans approved of the use of atomic weapons on Japan despite their destructive power because
A) they believed they were justified in striking first in order to protect themselves
B) they were eager to see if this new technology was effective in preventing wars
C) they believed that the atom bomb would cause no more damage than regular bombs
D) they were told that it was the only certain way to defeat the militant Japanese empire

Answers

Answer:

Hello, the answer is D! they were told that it was the only certain way to defeat the militant Japanese empire

The answer to this question is d good luck

Background information: In September 1941, this law
was passed in Germany.
Why would Hitler pass a law requiring Jewish people to
wear a yellow star? Check all that apply.
so Jews could be easily identified
so Jews could be persecuted
so Jews could avoid discrimination
so Jews could be arrested more easily
so Jews could show pride in their religion

Answers

So Jews could be easily identified so they could be persecuted and to arrest them easier.

Answer: it is a, b, and d

were considered the upper class of colonial society.

Answers

Answer:

In Colonial America, there were three main social classes. They were the gentry, the middle class, and the poor. The highest class was the gentry. They could vote

The Declaration of Independence

Answers

Answer:

We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.

Why do you think different Native American societies developed in different parts of the
Americas?

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

The Native American societies in North America were so diverse because depending on their location, the tribes had different resources that they were able to surround their cultures with.

What were problems faced by the allied powers after World War 2?

Answers

Answer:

The problem that the Allied powers faced after world war II is that once the Germany was split up into territories, there was so much fear that one country could try to gain more land than the others

Explanation:

D-Day was significant to winning the war for the Allies because

Answers

Ok I just have to get my car fixed I’m going out of woiteo internet so I’m sorry I don’t

describe how Ubuntu could help fight poverty​

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

A study conducted by McKinsey & Company found that “Ubuntu graduates will contribute $195,000 to society, while their peers will cost society $9,000.” In addition to providing child health care, the pediatric clinic offers prenatal and postnatal care, HIV and TB testing and treatment.

The Governor-General who was impeached
(a) Lord Dalhousie
(b) Lord Mountbatten
(c) Warren Hastings
(d) Lord Hastings​

Answers

Answer:

Lord Mountbatten

Explanation:

15. What is the name for the speed of still images displayed in motion pictures?
frame rate
600 fps
smooth motion
slow motion

Answers

A.) Frame Rate is your answer

Since the Brown v. Board of Education ruling, the Fourteenth Amendment's
equal protection clause has:
O A. reduced the federal government's power over states.
B. allowed states to ignore federal civil rights legislation.
O c. forced courts to apply strict scrutiny to all civil rights cases.
O D. protected legal rights for many marginalized groups.

Answers

The correct answer is D) protected legal rights for many marginalized groups.

Since the Brown v. Board of Education ruling, the Fourteenth Amendment's equal protection clause has protected legal rights for many marginalized groups.

The 14th Amendment to the United States Constitution, as part of the Amendments during Reconstruction, granted citizenship to former black slaves and protection of the laws. This decision also impacted other marginalized groups in the country, that benefited from the Supreme Court's decision.

The Supreme Court decision in Brown v. Board of Education. overturned the ruling in Plessy v. Ferguson.

In the case of Plessy v. Ferguson, the Supreme Court had ruled the constitutionality of "separate but equal." But many years later this decision was reversed by another Supreme Court resolution in the case Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas decided on May 17. 1954. The judges decided that "separate but equal" regarding public school facilities violated the Equal Protection established in the 14th Amendment to the US Constitution.

Why was the Civil Rights Act in 1964 not effective in Selma, Alabama?

Answers

Answer:

Take a deeper look at our work to advance civil and political rights worldwide. Educating individuals & communities about their rights & advocating for justice. Since 1985. Promoting Human Rights. $390 Million in Support. Ending Poverty.

Explanation:

what is decleration

Answers

Answer:

 formal or explicit statement or announcement is called declaration

Answer:

the process of distribution of power from Central authority to regional and local authority

What effect did the coup of 1991 in Moscow have?

It resulted in the fall of the Berlin Wall.
It restored the communist leaders to power.
It accelerated the breakup of the Soviet Union.
It overthrew Boris Yeltsin as president of Russia.
(The answer is C)

Answers

Answer:

It accelerated the breakup of the Soviet union

Answer:

simplified answer is  C

Explanation:

Cahiers were the notebooks in which the grievances of people were listed.

True
False

Answers

Answer:

false

Explanation:

hope it helps

kepp smiling

In the long term, industrialization allowed countries to be able to

Select one:


improve people's working and living conditions



give every worker equal wages



provide fair and equal opportunities for ALL workers



restrict people's innovation and creativity

Answers

Answer:

it's answer 1: "improve people's working and living conditions"

Explanation:

research of history

PLEASE HELP WILL MARK BRAINLIEST
More reliable and abundant food supply
Job specialization based on a surplus of food
development of a more formal social hierarchy
Increased population creating some social pressures as traditional family/clan loyalties broke down
All of the above resulted from what cultural change?
The adoption of agriculture
The growth of complex, organized religion
The development of complex government
The development of metal tools

Answers

Answer:

A):The adoption of agiculture

Explanation:

The adoption of agriculture are resulted from cultural change. Thus, the option (a) is correct.

What is cultural?

The term "culture" refers to a society's entire way of life, which includes its language, religion, conventions, and sense of style. Geographical influences on culture are numerous. The culture is included in communication. As a result, it covers social graces, garb, language, religion, customs, and creative standards.

The societal cultural trends are embraced as new trends. Adopting agriculture's adaption as food development promoted job specialization in the food industry. Agriculture is the foundation of the traditional family in culture. The component parts of loyalty are social pleasure. The adaptation of agricultural are resulted to in social pressure food supply.

Therefore, option (a) is correct.

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who killed osama bin laden​

Answers

Answer: united states navy seals

Explanation:

What do you know about Labor Unions and worker strikes today? What is similar and/or different?

Answers

before big

now smaller

before more industrial/factory/manufacturing

now many are for service type jobs like nursing

other countries employees are assumed to be a part of union and if they have to prove to that are not part of union if they dont want to be

in the US employees are assumed to not be part of a union and they have to prove to that are part of a union if they want to be

1980s president reagan hurt unions big way by destroying the air traffic controllers union (patco) because they went on strike in the name of national security, even though that union & other unions had supported him in the 1980 election

Una pregunta...... Que es lo que marca las diferentes etapas de la edad de los metales?

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

for further info, go to azom . com

How did France's activity in the Americas differ from that of Spain?

Answers

French colonies were sparsely settled and were used mainly as ways to trade with the Indians for furs. By contrast, Spanish colonies had big cities, large farms, mines, and other such things. In both countries' colonies, then, Native Americans were very important.

French colonies were thinly populated and mostly used as routes for trading furs with Native Americans. The Spanish colonies, on the other hand, had vast cities, vast farmland, mines, and other similar things. The Native Americans were therefore immensely significant in the colonies of both nations.

What was the main activity of France in North America?

The fur trade in France is the main business that is market-driven in America. They harvest the fur, and it keeps the business going into the real business to create wealth.

France concentrated its efforts on building financially successful trade operations in the New World to meet Europe's ostensibly insatiable need for furs. To do this, France developed positive ties with Native Americans and capitalized on the win-win exchange of beaver furs for French commodities.

Other European countries created colonies in the Americas after learning about Spain's wealth from its American possessions. French traders founded settlements in what is now Canada, the St. Lawrence River, and Louisiana.

Thus, French colonies were thinly populated and mostly used as routes for trading.

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what are the advantages of bilateral and multilateral relation? Mention any four advantages?

Answers

History? Right? Or no

American settlers in the 1830's and 1840's began to look to Oregan and the far West for settlement because

Answers

Answer:

Por la compra de Luisiana y la Expedición de Lewis y Clark. Creyendo también que Estados Unidos era un refugio para la gente oprimida.

Explanation:

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