the rights given to persons over the creations of their minds. they usually give the creator an exclusive right over the use of his/her creation for a certain period of time.

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Answer 1

The rights given to persons over the creations of their minds that usually give the creator an exclusive right over the use of his/her creation for a certain period of time are known as Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs).

Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs) refers to the legal rights provided to persons over the creations of their minds. It involves the rights granted to persons over the products of their intellect, including inventions, literary and artistic works, and symbols, names, images, and designs used in commerce. The purpose of Intellectual Property Rights is to encourage creativity, promote the development of technologies, and reward people for their innovations.

In general, IPRs are of two types, namely, industrial property rights and copyright. Industrial property rights are concerned with inventions, trademarks, industrial designs, and geographic indications, while copyrights are concerned with literary and artistic works. Industrial property rights protect the creations of the human mind, including inventions, trademarks, and industrial designs, while copyright protects the works of authors, including literary and artistic works. IPRs are territorial and subject to the national laws of individual countries.

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Make a plot of hardness vs. % reduction in thickness, assuming that % reduction varies linearly across the width of the specimen from 0 at the edge to 50% at the center.

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To make a plot of hardness vs. % reduction in thickness, assuming that % reduction varies linearly across the width of the specimen from 0 at the edge to 50% at the center, follow the steps below:

Step 1: Take a specimen whose width is 50 mm. The reduction varies linearly across the width of the specimen from 0 at the edge to 50% at the center. Therefore, the reduction at a distance x from the edge is given by the equation: Percent reduction (ε) = 50 - (2 * x)

Step 2: From the given data, we know that hardness is directly proportional to the percent reduction in thickness. Therefore, we can write the hardness (H) as:Hardness (H) = k x Percent reduction (ε)where k is the constant of proportionality.

Step 3: Substitute the value of percent reduction (ε) in the above equation to get:Hardness (H) = k x (50 - 2x)

Step 4: Simplify the above equation to get it in the form of y = mx + c, where y is the dependent variable (hardness), x is the independent variable (% reduction in thickness), m is the slope of the line, and c is the y-intercept.Hardness (H) = -2kx + 50k

Step 5: Now we can plot the graph of hardness vs. % reduction in thickness using the equation derived in step 4. The graph will be a straight line passing through the point (0, 50k) and having a slope of -2k. The x-axis represents the % reduction in thickness, and the y-axis represents the hardness.

The graph will look like this: Hardness vs. % reduction in thickness plot

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