Answer:
The required rate of return is r = 0.1475 or 14.75%
Explanation:
The required rate of return is the minimum return that investors demand/expect on a stock based on the systematic risk of the stock as given by the beta. The expected or required rate of return on a stock can be calculated using the CAPM equation.
The equation is,
r = rRF + Beta * (rM - rRF)
Where,
rRF is the risk free raterM is the return on marketr = 0.06 + 1.25 * (0.13 - 0.06)
r = 0.1475 or 14.75%
The Bathtub Division of Kirk Plumbing Corporation has recently approached the Faucet Division with a proposal. The Bathtub Division would like to make a special "ivory" tub with gold-plated fixtures for the company's 50-year anniversary. It would make only 5,000 of these units. It would like the Faucet Division to make the fixtures and provide them to the Bathtub Division at a transfer price of $160. If sold externally, the estimated variable cost per unit would be $140. However, by selling internally, the Faucet Division would save $6 per unit on variable selling expenses. The Faucet Division is currently operating at full capacity. Its standard unit sells for $43 per unit and has variable costs of $25.
Required:
Compute the minimum transfer price that the Faucet Division should be willing to accept, and discuss whether it should accept this offer.
Answer:
Minimum transfer price = $152
Explanation:
The minimum transfer price can be calculated by Adding variable cost and the contribution margin lost
Minimum transfer price = Variable cost + Contribution margin lost
Minimum transfer price = $134 + $18
Minimum transfer price = $152
Working
Variable cost = $140 -$6(saving) = $134
Contribution margin lost = Selling price - variable cost per unit
Contribution margin lost = $43 - $25
Contribution margin lost = $18
Decision: The offer should be accepted because the minimum transfer price of $152 is less than $160
Cullumber Industries incurs unit costs of $7 ($5 variable and $2 fixed) in making an assembly part for its finished product. A supplier offers to make 14,700 of the assembly part at $6 per unit. If the offer is accepted, Cullumber will save all variable costs but no fixed costs. Prepare an analysis showing the total cost saving, if any, Cullumber will realize by buying the part. (Enter negative amounts using either a negative sign preceding the number e.g. -45 or parentheses e.g. (45).)
Answer and Explanation:
The preparation of the analysis that depicts the total cost saving is presented below:
Particulars Make Buy Net Income or decrease
Variable
Manufacturing Cost $73,500 - $73,500
(14,700 × $5)
Fixed
Manufacturing cost $29,400 $29,400 -
(14,700 × $2)
Purchase price
(14,700 × $6) - $88,200 ($88,200)
Total annual cost $102,900 $117,600 ($14,700)
Based on the total annual cost the company should make the product as it saves the cost by $14,700
Miss. Asma works as a sales executive at HBL Bank, is upset at the way her manager, Sadaf, always calls her in for one-on-one meetings to discuss her underperformance. Though Asma makes a higher number of sales calls and works longer hours than last year, her sales figures are still low. She knows that the main reason behind her underperformance is the recent economic meltdown in the country. However, her manager feels that Asma's underperformance is the result of her laid-back attitude and has nothing to do with external factors. In this situation, what kind of behavior/Attitude Sadaf is showing and how it can be replicate
Answer:
Sadaf's behavior exemplifies Fundamental attribution error.
It can be replicated if Sadaf does not try to understand Asma's point of view of her underperformance.
Explanation:
The Fundamental Attribution Error is a type of error by the people of over-emphasizing the characteristics of a person while ignoring the situational factors. In such type of cognitive bias, people tend to instil the personal trait of other or judging them for their laid-back behavior based on their personal trait rather than thinking of any possibility of external situation that may have caused it.
In the given situation, Sadaf is showing fundamental attribution error behavior by instilling to Asma's underperformance with her laid-back behavior instead of asking her the real problem.
This attribution error can be replicated if Sadaf did not ask Asam for the reason behind her underperformance.
Webster Corporation's monthly projected general and administrative expenses include $5,600 administrative salaries, $3,000 of other cash administrative expenses, $1,650 of depreciation expense on the administrative equipment, and .5% monthly interest on an outstanding bank loan of $16,000. Compute the total general and administrative expenses to be reported on the general and administrative expense budget per month.
Answer:Total general and administrative expenses budget per month =$10,250
Explanation:
Total general and administrative expenses are the compulsory costs to ensure that a company's day to day operations is maintained whether or not the company is making profit.
General and administrative expenses includes Rent, Utility bills, insurance wages and benefits, depreciation of office furnitures, Office supplies and are regarded as operating expenses and therefore interest paid on a bank loan is not an operating expenses but a financing activities and will not be considered as an administrative expense.
Administrative expenses= administrative Salaries+Other cash administrative expenses+Depreciation
=$5,600+$3,000+$1,650
=$10,250
3. There a number of market entry strategies that businesses use in entering into markets outside their countries. a) Distinguish between the use of Franchising and Joint Venture as modes of entry into other countries by global businesses. b) What are the respective advantages and disadvantages of both strategies?
Answer:
a) Distinguish between the use of Franchising and Joint Venture as modes of entry into other countries by global businesses.
Franchising consists in the licensing of aspects of production and intellectual property to a another party: the franchise.
A Joint Venture is a business union between two or more parties, in which they split profit as well as costs and responsabilities.
b) What are the respective advantages and disadvantages of both strategies?
Franchising can be a quicker way to expand into foreign markets. The flexibility of the method, and the lower capital requirements are the reason why. This can be seen in the success that American fast-food brands have had using this method to expand in global markets.
A Joint-Venture can be more difficult to use for market expansion, however, it can be more profitable, because the profit will not be split among as many parties as in franchising, and more importantly, the firm maintains a higher control of the operation.
hi , what is third-party companies??? thank
Answer:
A 'third party', is any entity that a company does business with. This may include suppliers, vendors, contract manufacturers, business partners and affiliates, brokers, distributors, resellers, and agents.
Upton Co. is growing quickly. Dividends are expected to grow at 20 percent for the next three years, with the growth rate falling off to a constant 8 percent thereafter. If the required return is 11 percent and the company just paid a dividend of $1.45, what is the current share price
Answer:
$71.03
Explanation:
To find the current share price we need to find the value of future dividends first and then discount it by the given rate of return
DATA
Growth rate = g = 20%
Time period = 3 years
Required return = 11%
Current dividend = Do = $1.45
Share price =?
Solution
Future dividend = Current dividend ( 1 + growth rate)
D1 = (1.45 x 1.20) = $1.74
D2 = (1.74 x 1.20) = $2.088
D3 = (2.088 x 1.20) = $2.5056
Value after year 3 = (D3 x Growth rate) / (Required return-Growth rate)
Value after year 3 = (2.5056*1.08) / (0.11-0.08)
Value after year 3 =$90.2
current share price = Future dividends x Present value of discounting factor
current share price = (1.74/1.11)+($2.088/1.11^2)+(2.5056/1.11^3)+($90.2/1.11^3)
current share price = 1.56 + 1.69 + 1.83 + 65.95
current share price =$71.03
Kosher Pickle Company acquires all the outstanding stock of Midwest Produce for $12.5 million. The fair value of Midwest's assets is $8.5 million. The fair value of Midwest's liabilities is $1.3 million. Calculate the amount paid for goodwill
Answer:
$5.3 million
Explanation:
Kosher pickle company acquires outstanding stock of Midwest produce for $12.5 million
Fair value of Midwest assets is $8.5 million
Fair value of Midwest liabilities is $1.3 million
The first step is to calculate the fair value of net identifiable assets
= $8.5 million-$1.3 million
=7.2 million
Therefore, the amount paid for goodwill can be calculated as follows
= $12.5 million-$7.2 million
= $5.3 million
Hence the amount paid for goodwill is $5.3 million
You own two bonds. Both bonds pay annual interest, have 7 percent coupons, and currently have 7 percent yields to maturity. Bond A has 5 years to maturity and Bond B has 10 years to maturity. If the market rate of interest changes unexpectedly to 6 percent, the price of Bond A will change by _____ percent and the price of Bond B will change by _____ percent.
Answer:
the price of Bond A will change by 4.21% and the price of Bond B will change by 7.36%.
Explanation:
Bonds A and B
current bond price $1,000
interest rate 7%
Bond A matures in 5 years, annual payments
Bond B matures in 10 years, annual payments
if market interest decreases to 6%
Bond A:
$1,000 / (1 + 6%)⁵ = $747.26
$70 x 4.2124 (annuity factor, 6%, 5 periods) = $294.87
market price = $1,042.13
% change = 4.21%
Bond B:
$1,000 / (1 + 6%)¹⁰ = $558.39
$70 x 7.3601 (annuity factor, 6%, 10 periods) = $515.21
market price = $1,073.60
% change = 7.36%
The internal rate of return method is used to analyze a $831,500 capital investment proposal with annual net cash flows of $250,000 for each of the six years of its useful life. a. Determine a present value factor for an annuity of $1, which can be used in determining the internal rate of return. Carry your answer out to three decimal places.
Answer:
annuity factor for 20% and 6 periods = 3.326
Explanation:
the IRR represents the discount rate at which a project's NPV = 0
NPV = initial outlay + PV of future cash flows
NPV = 0
initial outlay = -$831,500
PV of future cash flows = $831,500 = cash flow x annuity factor
annuity factor = $831,500 / $250,000 = 3.326
using an annuity table and looking for the annuity factors for 6 periods, we find that the annuity factor for 20% and 6 periods = 3.326.
So our IRR = 20%
The government is looking to double the living standards of its population in 18 years, what rate of GDP growth would it need to achieve that? Group of answer choices
Answer:
4%
Explanation:
The rule of 72 is used to calculate the number of years it takes for GDP to double
72 / growth rate = number of years
18 = 72 / growth rate
growth rate = 72 / 18 = 4%
What is the value of a perpetuity that pays $100 every 3 months forever? The interest rate quoted on an APR basis is 6%.
Answer:
$6,666.67
Explanation:
According to the given situation, the computation of the value of a perpetuity is shown below:-
Value of Perpetuity = Quarterly Payment ÷ Quarterly Interest Rate
Now, we will put the values into the above formula to reach the value of a perpetuity
= $100 ÷ (6% ÷ 4)
= $100 ÷ 0.0150
= $6,666.67
Therefore for computing the value of perpetuity we simply applied the above formula.
"It can be difficult to understand the nature of competition between firms in a market which is driven by change factors like technology, and capital driven mergers. Because of this the Federal Trade Commission has begun to look less at market share and more at the data on actual ______________________________.
Answer: competition between the businesses.
Explanation:
The Federal Trade Commission was put in place to protect the consumers in the marketplace. This was done by stopping deceptive, fraudulent and unfair practices that exist in the marketplace.
Based on the above analysis in the question, the Federal Trade Commission has begun to look less at market share and more at the data on actual competition between businesses.
On July 1, Shady Creek Resort borrowed $400,000 cash by signing a 10-year, 9% installment note requiring equal payments each June 30 of $62,328. What is the journal entry to record the first annual payment
Answer:
Journal Entry
Debit Credit
Interest Expense $36,000
Notes Payable $26,328
Cash $62,328
Workings
Interest portion for one year = 400,000 * 9% = $36,000
Total installment paid = $62,328
So, principal portion repaid = $62,328 - $36,000
= $26,328
A stock had returns of 9.62 percent, −14.65 percent, 19.85 percent, 25.35 percent, and 7.65 percent over the past five years. What was the geometric average return for this stock?
Answer:
The geometric average return for this stock was 8.64%.
Explanation:
Geometric average return refers to the return which will result in the correct compounded dollars at the end of the time period.
Geometric average return can be computed using the following formula:
Geometric average return = {[(1 + r1)(1 + r2) ... (1 + rn)]^(1/n)} - 1 ......... (1)
Where r is returns from year 1 to year n.
For the stock in the question, we have:
r1 = 9.62%, 0.0962
r2 = -14.65%, or -0.1465
r3 = 19.85%, or 0.1985
r4 = 25.35%, or 0.2535
r5 = 7.65%, or 0.0765
n = 5
Substituting the values into equation (1), we have:
Geometric average return = {[(1 + 0.0962)(1 - 0.1465)(1 + 0.1985)(1 + 0.2535)(1 + 0.0765)]^(1/5)} - 1
Geometric average return = {1.51310732605096^0.20} - 1
Geometric average return = 0.0864, or 8.64%
Therefore, the geometric average return for this stock was 8.64%.
Which of the following is not a factor that a manager should bear in mind when estimating a project's revenues and costs?
A) Sales of a product will typically accelerate, stabilize, and then decline as the product becomes outdated or faces increased competition.
B) A new product typically has its highest sales immediately after release as customers are attracted by the novelty of the product.
C) The prices of technology products tend to fall over time as newer, superior technologies emerge and production costs decline.
D) Prices and costs tend to rise with the general level of inflation in the economy.
Answer:
B) A new product typically has its highest sales immediately after release as customers are attracted by the novelty of the product.
Explanation:
When a manager is implementing and executing a project, there are certain factors to be considered for revenue and costs associated with the project.
For instance, that a new product typically has its highest sales immediately after release as customers are attracted by the novelty of the product is not a factor that a manager should bear in mind when estimating a project's revenues and costs. This is simply because it is not guaranteed that all new products introduced to the market would be accepted or attractive to customers due to economical factors such scale of preference and opportunity costs.
Ideally, the factors to be considered by a manager when estimating a project's revenues and costs are;
1. Sales of a product will typically accelerate, stabilize, and then decline as the product becomes outdated or faces increased competition.
2. The prices of technology products tend to fall over time as newer, superior technologies emerge and production costs decline.
3. Prices and costs tend to rise with the general level of inflation in the economy.
The Government Accounting Office (GAO) announces deep cuts to social security, Medicare, and welfare programs. Which determinant of aggregate demand causes the change
Answer:
Consumer spending
Explanation:
Consumer spending is the amount that individuals and families spend on final goods and services for personal use and enjoyment in the economy. Contemporary measures of consumer spending include all private purchases of durable goods, durable goods and services. Consumer spending can be thought of as a combination of personal savings, investment cost, and output in the economy.so correct answer is Consumer spendingToday’s business headlines frequently cite pensions being underfunded, thus costing companies more in contributions to their pension fund as well as pensioners risking not receiving what they had planned for retirement. This has been caused by underperformance of the pension fund itself and the over promising of benefits to retirees. Take the following example:_______.
Assume $20m was invested today to provide for pension payments for a group of employees. Assume also that the average return on these funds was 8.5%
1. How big will the fund be in 25 years?
2. Suppose at year 12 the fund decreased in value by 30%. What returns would be required for the next 13 years to achieve the 25 year amount?
3. Advisor's counseled the company that a conservative investment return of 6% annually for the next 13 years would be advisable and that the company would have to contribute annually to make up the shortfall. How much would have to be contributed annually beginning year 13 if the fund earned 6% in order to achieve the 25 year goal?
Please show the method used to solve this problem.
Answer:
1) in 25 years, the pension fund should equal:
future value = present value x (1 + interest rate)ⁿ
FV = $20,000,000 x (1 + 8.5%)²⁵ = $153,735,247
2) the value in 12 years = $20,000,000 x (1 - 30%) = $14,000,000
future value = present value x (1 + interest rate)ⁿ
$153,735,247 = $14,000,000 x (1 + interest rate)¹³
(1 + interest rate)¹³ = $153,735,247 / $14,000,000 = 10.981
¹³√(1 + interest rate)¹³ = ¹³√10.981
1 + interest rate = 1.2024
interest rate = 1.2024 - 1 = 20.24%
3) if the fund only earns 6%, in 13 years it will be worth:
FV = $14,000,000 (1 + 6%)¹³ = $29,860,996
so you need $153,735,247 - $29,860,996 = $123,874,251 more
we need to use the future value of an annuity formula:
FV of an annuity = annuity payment x annuity factor
FV of an annuity = $123,874,251annuity payment = ?annuity factor (6%, 13 periods) = 18.882annuity payment = $123,874,251 / 18.882 = $6,560,441
Michael Company reports Total Assets of $254,000, Common Stock of $50,000, and Retained Earnings of $94,000. What are total liabilities at the end of the first year
Answer:
$110,000
Explanation:
Accounting equation : Assets - liabilities = Shareholder's equity
Liabilities = Assets - Shareholder's equity
Equity = $50,000 + $94,000 = $144,000
$254,000 - $144,000 = $110,000
A company reports merchandise inventory on December 31 at $250,000 but LCM applied to items is $200,000. Record the journal entry to report merchandise inventory at the correct amount:
Answer:
The adjusting journal will be :
Loss on write down of Inventory $50,000 (debit)
Inventory $50,000 (credit)
Explanation:
The inventory must be presented at the Lower of Cost and Market Value.
The adjusting journal will be :
Loss on write down of Inventory $50,000 (debit)
Inventory $50,000 (credit)
The Loss on write down of Inventory is an expense in the trading account.
Answer:
See journal below
Explanation:
The journal entries below will be recorded in the books of account in order to report the merchandise inventory at the correct amount.
The cost of goods sold account Dr $50,000
($250,000 - $200,000)
To merchandise inventory account Cr $50,000
(Being record of inventory on LCM)
The cost of goods sold was debited with $50,000 while same amount was credited to merchandise inventory account.
Florian just graduated from law school and wants to start his own law firm. It is best for Florian to use a _____ organizational structure.
Answer:
Given that Florian is just starting out and the firm is new, the best organisational structure he can use is the Simple organisational structure.
Explanation:
A simple organisational structure features the CEO in all decision making process. Any new staff would only an extension of his authority.
As the company grow in size, it can become more functional and even adopt a matrix organisational structure. This helps it keep it's size small while making full use of the capabilities of the staff on adhoc projects.
Cheers!
Now that you have studied monopolistic competition, let's see how well you can distinguish a firm in a monopolistically competitive market from a firm in a perfectly competitive market. Given the description of the firm below, decide whether it applies to monopolistic competition, perfect competition, or both. You may have to adjust the scroll bar to see the complete list.
1. a firm that produces with excess capacity in
2. a firm that has a firm that sets price greater than marginal cost
3. a firm that may earn an econom profit or loss in the short run
4. a firm that faces a downward sloping demand curve.
5. a firm that that maximizes profits profit in the long by producing where MR = MC
Answer:
Monopolistic Competition:
4. a firm that faces a downward sloping demand curve.
Perfect Competition:
1. a firm that produces with excess capacity in
3. a firm that may earn in an economy profit or loss in the short run
5. a firm that that maximizes profits profit in the long by producing where MR = MC
Both:
2. a firm that has a firm that sets price greater than marginal cost.
Explanation:
The following income statement and additional year-end information is provided.
SONAD COMPANY
Income Statement
For Year Ended December 31
Sales $1,647,000
Cost of goods sold 807,030
Gross profit 839,970
Operating expenses
Salaries expense $225,639
Depreciation expense 39,528
Rent expense 44,469
Amortization expenses—Patents 4,941
Utilities expense 18,117 332,694
507,276
Gain on sale of equipment 6,588
Net income $513,864
Accounts receivable $29,000 increase Accounts payable $14,925 decrease
Inventory 23,425 increase Salaries payable 5,000 decrease
Prepare the operating activities section of the statement of cash flows using the indirect method.
Answer:
Cash flow from Operating Activities
Net income $513,864
Adjustment for Non-cash items :
Depreciation expense $39,528
Amortization expenses—Patents $4,941
Adjustment for Changes in Working Capital :
Increase in Accounts receivable ($29,000)
Decrease in Accounts payable ($14,925)
Increase in Inventory ($23,425)
Decrease in Salaries payable ($5,000)
Net Cash flow from Operating Activities $485,983
Explanation:
The Indirect method, reconciles the Operating Profit to the Operating Cash Flow by adjusting for the following items :
Non-cash items previously added or deducted from the Operating ProfitAdjustments for Changes in Working Capital itemsDavid Ortiz Motors has a target capital structure of 45% debt and 55% equity. The yield to maturity on the company's outstanding bonds is 12%, and the company's tax rate is 40%. Ortiz's CFO has calculated the company's WACC as 11.35%. What is the company's cost of equity capital
Answer:
the company's cost of equity capital is 14.75 %.
Explanation:
WACC = ke × (E/V) + kd × (D/V)
Where,
ke = cost of equity
= this is unknown
E/V = Weight of Equity
= 55%
kd = cost of debt
= Interest × ( 1 - tax rate)
= 12% × ( 1 - 0.40)
= 7.20 %
D/V = Weight of Debt
= 45%
Therefore,
WACC = ke × (E/V) + kd × (D/V)
11.35% = 55%ke + 7.20 % × 45%
11.35% = 55%ke + 3.24 %
55%ke = 8.11 %
ke = 14.75 %
On January 1, Bramble Corp. has a beginning cash balance of $42000. During the year, the company expects cash disbursements of $300000 and cash receipts of $340000. If Bramble requires an ending cash balance of $40000, the company must borrow:________
Answer:
this question is confusing me
Handbags, Inc. had 200 units of inventory on hand at the end of the year. These were recorded at a cost of $18 each using the last−in, first−out (LIFO) method. The current replacement cost is $16 per unit. The selling price charged by Handbags, Inc. for each finished product is $27. In order to record the adjusting entry needed under the lower−of−cost−or−market rule, the Cost of Goods Sold will be ________.
Answer:
debited by $400
Explanation:
Inventory on hand at the beginning × each inventory cost
= 200 units × $18
= $3,600
Inventory on hand at the beginning × Current replacement cost
= 200 units × $16 per unit
= $3,200
Therefore;
$3,600 - $3,200 = $400 increase of cost of goods sold which is debit.
Expenses that are not easily associated with a specific department, and which are incurred for the joint benefit of more than one department, are:
Answer:Indirect Expenses
Explanation: Indirect Expenses are those expenses which are not directly related to the product manufactured or service rendered by a company but are generally incurred in the operating and running of a business and cannot be traced to a particular department because the benefits are enjoyed collectively-The reason why its expenses are usually shared among departments or sectors.
Examples of indirect expenses include Rent, salaries to employees, legal charges, insurance of building, depreciation, printing charges, office expenses, telephone bills, advertising, marketing, stationery etc.
Click to review the online content. Then answer the question(s) below, using complete sentences. Scroll down to view additional questions. Career Connection: Shin-fong How does Shin-fong keep track of his finances?
Answer:
By means of a budget he prepared.
Explanation:
According to the information available, Shing-fong has a carefully thought out strategy. Here's some of what he does;
he keeps tracks of his finances by means of a budget plan.he views all his transactions also checking his debit or credit cards to keep track of how much he spendsShing-Fong avoids eating out as much as he used to and preparing cheaper food at home.he also avoids unnecessarily spending with friends whenever he is invited.Bon Nebo Co. sold 25,000 annual subscriptions of Bjorn 20XX for $85 during December 2014. These new subscribers will receive monthly issues, beginning in January 2015. In addition, the business had taxable income of $840,000 during the first calendar quarter of 2015. The federal tax rate is 40%. A quarterly tax payment will be made on April 12, 2015.
Prepare the Current Liabilities section of the balance sheet for Bon Nebo Co. on March 31, 2015.
Answer:
Current Liabilities
Federal Income Taxes Payable $336,000
Advances on Magazine Subscriptions $1,593,750
Total Current Liabilities $1,929,750
Explanation:
Federal Income Taxes Payable
This is a current Liability as it falls under a period of a year. As March ends the first quarter, the quarterly tax is;
= 840,000 x 40%
= $336,000
Advances on Magazine Subscriptions
They are to deliver monthly subscriptions for 12 months to the tune of 25,000 copies which they have already been paid for. Under the Accrual system they cannot recognize this as revenue until they have fulfilled their obligation to deliver the magazines and until then, they are current Liabilities. As of end of March, they have fulfilled their obligations for 3 months leaving 9 in the year.
= 25,000 x $85 x 9/12
=$1,593,750
Ultimo Co. operates three production departments as profit centers. The following information is available for its most recent year. Department 1's contribution to overhead as a percent of sales is:
Dept. Sales Cost of Goods Sold Direct Expenses Indirect Expenses
1 $ 1,080,000 $ 708,000 $ 102,000 $ 88,000
2 480,000 158,000 48,000 108,000
3 780,000 308,000 158,000 28,000
Multiple Choice
56.7%
25.0%
34.7%
34.0%
61.6%
The B&T Company's production costs for May are: direct labor, $19,000; indirect labor, $7,100; direct materials, $15,600; property taxes on production facility, $860; factory heat, lights and power, $1,060; and insurance on plant and equipment, $260. B&T Company's factory overhead incurred for May is:
Multiple Choice
A. $9,280.
B. $43,880.
C. $7,100.
D. $2,180.
E. $22,700.
Answer:
1) 25%
Dept. Sales COGS Direct Expenses Indirect Expenses
1 1,080,000 708,000 102,000 88,000
2 480,000 158,000 48,000 108,000
3 780,000 308,000 158,000 28,000
total 2,340,000 1,174,000 308,000 224,000
contribution to overhead = sales - COGS - direct expenses = $1,080,000 - $708,000 - $102,000 = $270,000
contribution to overhead as percentage of sales = $270,000 / $1,080,000 = 0.25 = 25%
2) A. $9,280.
overhead:
direct labor, NOT INCLUDED
indirect labor, $7,100
direct materials, NOT INCLUDED
property taxes on production facility, $860
factory heat, lights and power, $1,060
insurance on plant and equipment, $260
total overhead = $9,280
