The walls of a refrigerator are typically constructed by sandwiching a layer of insulation between sheet metal panels. Consider a wall made from fiberglass insulation of thermal conductivity ki = 0.046 W/m K and thickness Li = 50 mm and steel panels, each of thermal conductivity kp = 60 W/m K and thickness Lp = 3 mm. If the wall separates refrigerated air at TX, i = 4 degree C from ambient air at T infinity, 0 = 25 degree C, what is the heat gain per unit surface area? Coefficients associated with natural convection at the inner and outer surfaces may be approximated as hi = h0 = 5 W/m2 K.

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

q" = 14.122 W/m²

Explanation:

We are given;

Thermal conductivity of Fibre glass; k_i = 0.046 W/m.K

thickness of Fibre glass; L_i = 50 mm = 0.05 m

Thermal conductivity of steel panels; k_p = 60 W/m.K

Thickness of steel panels; L_p = 3 mm = 0.003 m

refrigerated air temperature; T∞_i = 4° C

Ambient air temperature; T∞_o = 25° C

h_i = h_0 = 5 W/m².K

Formula to calculate the heat gain per unit surface area in this case is;

q" = (T∞_o - T∞_I)/((1/h_o) + (L_p/k_p) + (L_i/k_i) + (L_p/k_p) + (1/h_i)

Where; ((1/h_o) + (L_p/k_p) + (L_i/k_i) + (L_p/k_p) + (1/h_i) is thermal resistance (R_th)

Plugging in the relevant values;

q" = (25 - 4)/((1/5) + (0.003/60) + (0.05/0.046) + (0.003/60) + (1/5))

q" = 14.122 W/m²


Related Questions

Find the dryness fraction, specific volume and internal energy of steam at 7bar nd enthalpy 2600kj/kh. (0.921,0.2515m³/kg , 2420kj/kg)

Answers

Answer:

hdwhifniuewohfoyyhyeiudhwbwuxvgusvfgcvxg

Explanation:

Ferrous metals contain ____ (ferrite) so most have ________ properties. Ferrous metals are vulnerable to _____ when exposed to_______, except for ____________ and wrought iron.​ ​

Answers

Answer:

Iron

Magnetic properties

Rust

Moisture

Stainless steel

Explanation:

Ferrous materials are those that contain iron. Now iron is a magnetic material and this makes ferrous materials to possess magnetic properties.

Since they contain iron, when they are exposed to moisture they react with oxygen in oxidation to form iron oxide which is reddish and gets worse over time which forms a rusty surface.

- Apart from Wrought iron that resists corrosion,another ferrous metal that does that is Stainless steel because it contains chromium, which is an element that protects it from rust.

The cost of hiring new employees outpaces the raises for established employees is

A.
Salary compression

B.
Occupational based pay

C.
Merit pay

D.
Need for Achievement

Answers

Answer:

do you have to make the right decisions to be a person who has been a member who is not the first time a great person who has a job in a day of his life or

explain the term electric current as used in engineering principles​

Answers

Answer:

Electric current is the movement of electrons through a wire. Electric current is measured in amperes (amps) and refers to the number of charges that move through the wire per second. If we want current to flow directly from one point to another, we should use a wire that has as little resistance as possible.Current is directly proportional to voltage, inversely proportional to resistance. One of the most common electrical measurements you'll use is the watt, a unit of electrical power: W (Watts) = E (Volts) x I (Amperes). The quantity of electric charge is measured in coulombs.They can even pass through bones and teeth. This makes gamma rays very dangerous. They can destroy living cells, produce gene mutations, and cause cancer.

Explanation:

hey mate this is the best answer if you're studying engineering!

Build a 3-input XOR gate using a 3x8 decoder and an Or gate.please Quickly i have final​

Answers

Answer:

Take a 3 to 8 decoder with active low outputs

Assuming you are familiar with the functioning of decoders,

The three inputs of decoder of course are the first, second and the carry bit which you feed to the subtractor.

Next we examine the truth table of the full subtractor i formatted in the picture.

Then write the minterms for the difference output and borrow output from the given truth table picture I have mentioned before!!

Explanation:

hopi it to help you!!

A projectile is fired horizontally with an initial speed of 50.0 m/s. Neglect air resistance.a) What is the magnitude of the displacement of the projectile 3.00 s after it is fired?b) What is the speed of the projectile 3.00 s after it is fired?c) What is the magnitude of the acceleration of the projectile 3.00 s after it is fired?

Answers

Answer:

a) 156 meters

b) 58 m/s

c) 9.8 m/s^2

Explanation:

a) The horizontal displacement X = V *t

X = 50 * 3 = 150 meters

Vertical displacement = y = – g * t² / 2

Y = -9.8 *3*3/2 = -4.9*9 = 44.1

Net Displacement = Sqrt (X^2 +Y^2) = 156.34 = 156 meters

b) Speed of the projectile

vx = 50 m/s

vy = t*g = 9.8*3 = 29.4

V = Sqrt (vx^2 + vy^2) = 58 m/s

c) Acceleration is the acceleration due to gravity = 9.8 m/s^2

The magnitude of the displacement of the projectile is equal to 156 meters.

Given the following data:

Initial speed = 50.0 m/s. Time = 3.00 seconds.

Scientific data:

Acceleration due to gravity (g) = [tex]9.8 m/s^2.[/tex]

How to calculate the displacement.

Mathematically, the magnitude of the displacement of a projectile is given by this formula:

[tex]Horizontal\;displacement = Vt\\\\Horizontal\;displacement = 50.0 \times 3.00[/tex]

Horizontal displacement = 150.0 meters.

[tex]Vertical displacement =\frac{1}{2} gt^2\\\\Vertical displacement =\frac{1}{2} \times 9.8 \times 3^2\\\\Vertical displacement =\frac{1}{2} \times 9.8 \times 9[/tex]

Vertical displacement = 44.1 meters.

[tex]D^2 = X^2 +Y^2\\\\D =\sqrt{44.1^2+150^2}[/tex]

D = 156.34 156 meters.

b. For the speed of the projectile:

Vertical speed = tg

[tex]V_y = tg = 9.8\times3\\\\ V_y = 29.4\;m/s[/tex]

[tex]D^2 = V_x^2 +V_y^2\\\\D =\sqrt{50^2+29.4^2}[/tex]

D = 58 m/s.

c) The magnitude of the acceleration of the projectile is equal to the acceleration due to gravity ([tex]9.8 \;m/s^2[/tex]).

Read more on acceleration here: brainly.com/question/247283

Question 3 (12 points)
A pump of 1200rpm rotational speed is connected to a delivery pipe (rising main) of 500m
length and 0.025 Darcy friction factor. The following plot shows the pump performance and the
rising main curve.
40
Reming main
25
нер
20
15
100
Eficency
50
Pump
ES
10
20
50
60
Q (L.)
I
Answer the following short questions
1) The flow rate delivered by the pump when connected to the rising main is
2) The total head delivered by the pump when connected to the rising main is
3) The static lift (Hs) is:
4) What is the power produced (output) and consumed (input) by the pump?
5) What is the diameter of the rising main!
6) What is the sort of this pump​

Answers

so long so long so long so long so long

Explanation:

so long so long so long so long so long so long so long so long so long so long

affect the amount and rate the alcohol reaches the
bloodstream.

Answers

Answer:

Answer to the following question is as follows;

Explanation:

The amount of alcohol consumption can be influenced by a variety of things, including food.

The proportion and pace at which alcohol reaches the circulation is affected by drinking rate, body mass, and the size of the beverage. Alcohol enters your system as soon as it reaches that first sip, as per the National Institute on Drug Abuse and Alcoholism. After 10 minutes, the results are noticeable.

"All data types are keywords but all keywords are not data types", justify this statement.​

Answers

Hey Mate Here Is Your Answer

Keywords Are Reserved Words Which Are Not Use As Normal Cases But Used For Special Purpose In Our Program whereas, Data Type Tells The Compiler And Interpreter How The Program Is Going To Be Executed And Can Be Used At Every Cases.

Hope This Helps You ❤️

Based on how they are stored in the computer, the types produced by these keywords can be categorized into two families, integer types and floating-point types.

What is the relation between data and keyword?

Bit, byte, and word are terminology that can be used to refer to either memory or data storage units in computers.

The main distinction between text fields and keyword fields is that text fields are examined during indexing, whereas keyword fields are not.

This means that while keyword fields are indexed exactly as is, text fields are split down into their constituent phrases at indexing to allow for partial matching.

A word or collection of words that an Internet user enters into a search engine or search bar to conduct a search is referred to as a keyword in the context of digital marketing.

Therefore, All data types are keywords, but all keywords are not data types.

Learn more about data and keywords here:

https://brainly.com/question/9588905

#SPJ2

Two steel plates are to be held together by means of 16-mm-diameter high-strength steel bolts fitting snugly inside cylindrical brass spacers. Knowing that the average normal stress must not exceed 210 MPa in the bolts and 145 MPa in the spacers, determine the outer diameter of the spacers that yields the most economical and safe design.

Answers

Answer:

The outer diameter of the spacers that yields the most economical and safe design is 25.03 mm

Explanation:

For steel bolt

Stress = 210 MPa or 210 N/mm2

Pressure = Stress* Area

Pbolt = 210 N/mm2 * 16^2 *(pi)/4

Pbolt = 210 N/mm2 * 200.96 mm^2 = 42201.6  N

For Brass spacer

Pressure = 42201.6  N

Area of Brass spacer = Pressure/Stress

Area of Brass spacer = 42201.6  N/145 N/mm^2 = 291.044 mm^2

Area of Brass spacer = (pi) (d^2 - 16^2)/4 =  291.044 mm^2

d^2 - 16^2 = 291.044 mm^2* 4/(pi) = 370.758

d^2 =  370.758 + 16^2

d^2 =   626.758

d = 25.03 mm

The outer diameter of the spacers that yields the most economical and safe design is 25.03 mm

An air-conditioning system is used to maintain a house at 70^\circ{} ∘ F when the temperature outside is 100^\circ{} ∘ F. The house is gaining heat through the walls and the windows at a rate of 800 Btu/min, and the heat generation rate within the house from people, lights, and appliances amounts to 100 Btu/min. Determine the minimum power input required for this air-conditioning system. Answer: 1.20 hp

Answers

Answer:

the minimum power input required for this air-conditioning system is 1.20 hp

Explanation:

Given the data in the question;

Temperature inside ( Sink ) T[tex]_L[/tex] = 70°F = ( 70 + 460 )R = 530 R

temperature outside ( source )T[tex]_H[/tex] = 100°F = ( 100 + 460 )R = 560 R

[tex]Q_W[/tex] = 800 Btu/min

[tex]Q_L[/tex] = 100  Btu/min

Now, from the equation of coefficient of performance of refrigerator;

[tex]COP_{Ref[/tex] = Desired output / Required input

[tex]COP_{Ref[/tex] = [tex]Q_{out[/tex] / [tex]W_{net[/tex] --------- let this be equation 1

[tex]COP_{Ref[/tex] = ( [tex]Q_L + Q_W[/tex] ) / [tex]W_{net[/tex]

where [tex]Q_W[/tex] is the rate heat gained through the wall

[tex]Q_L[/tex] is the heat generation from people and lights and appliances.

Now, lets consider the equation coefficient of performance of refrigerator in terms of temperatures;

[tex]COP_{Ref[/tex] = [tex]T_L[/tex] / ( [tex]T_H[/tex] - [tex]T_L[/tex] )

we substitute

[tex]COP_{Ref[/tex] = 530 / ( 560 - 530 )

[tex]COP_{Ref[/tex] = 530 / 30

[tex]COP_{Ref[/tex] = 17.667

so we substitute into equation 1;

[tex]COP_{Ref[/tex] = [tex]Q_{out[/tex] / [tex]W_{net[/tex] ---------

[tex]COP_{Ref[/tex] = ( [tex]Q_L + Q_W[/tex] ) / [tex]W_{net[/tex]

17.667 = ( 100 + 800 ) / [tex]W_{net[/tex]

17.667 = 900 / [tex]W_{net[/tex]

[tex]W_{net[/tex] = 900 / 17.667

[tex]W_{net[/tex] = 50.94 Btu/min

[tex]W_{net[/tex] = ( 50.94 / 42.53 ) hp

[tex]W_{net[/tex] = 1.198 hp ≈ 1.20 hp

Therefore, the minimum power input required for this air-conditioning system is 1.20 hp

1.1.2
Energy
1.1.3
Mass
1.1.4
Temperature
Power
1.1.5
1.2 State Ohm's law
1.3 State Joule's law
1.5 Name four factors that9 determine the resistance of the material
1.6 What is the SI Unit for current?
QUESTION 2​

Answers

Answer:

the energy is sgdrh35679

(1) Estimate the specific volume in cm3 /g for carbon dioxide at 310 K and (a) 8 bar (b) 75 bar by the virial equation and compare to the experimental values of 70.58 and 3.90, respectively.
(2) Estimate the specific volume in cm3/g for carbon dioxide at 310 K and (a) 8 bar (b) 75 bar by the compressibility factor charts and compare to the experimental values2 of 70.58 and 3.90, respectively.

Answers

Answer:

70.66 cm^3

The specific volume for P = 70.66  is within 1% of the experimental value while the viral equation will be inaccurate when the second viral coefficient is used )

Explanation:

Viral equation : Z = 1 + Bp + Cp^2 + Dp^3 + -----

Viral equation can also be rewritten as :

Z = 1 + B ( P/RT )

B ( function of time )

Temperature = 310 K

P1 = 8 bar

P2 = 75 bar

Determine the specific volume in cm^3

V = 70.66 cm^3

b) comparing the specific volumes to the experimental values

70.58 and 3.90

The specific volume for P = 70.66  is within 1% of the experimental value while the viral equation will be inaccurate when the second viral coefficient is used )

attached below is the detailed solution

Mr. Ray deposited $200,000 in the Old and Third National Bank. If the bank pays 8% interest, how much will he have in the account at the end of 10 years?

Answers

Answer:

2,160,000

Explanation:

8/100 × 200000/1 = 8/1 × 2000/1

2000 × 8 = 16,000 = interest

200,000 + 16,000 = 216,000

216,000 × 10 = 2,160,000 = amount in bank account

______ are an idication that your vehicle may be developing a cooling system problem.

Answers

Answer:

The temperature gauge showing that the vehicle has been running warmer or has recently began to have issues from overheating is  an idication that your vehicle may be developing a cooling system problem.

Explanation:

Both a gage and a manometer are attached to a gas tank to measure its pressure. If the reading on the pressure gage is 65 kPa, determine the distance between the two fluid levels of the manometer if the fluid is

Answers

Answer:

The answer is below

Explanation:

Both a gage and a manometer are attached to a gas tank to measure its pressure. If the reading on the pressure gage is 65 kPa, determine the distance between the two fluid levels of the manometer if the fluid is a) mercury b) water

Solution:

A manometer is a device used to measure pressure. A manometer is made up of a U shaped tube containing liquid. The difference of pressure in the two arms causes the liquid to reach different heights.

a) The density of mercury ([tex]\rho_{Hg}[/tex]) = 13600 kg/m³, Pressure (P) = 65 kPa and g = 9.8 m/s², h = distance between the two fluid levels

[tex]P=\rho_{Hg}*g*h\\\\h=\frac{P}{\rho_{Hg}*g} =\frac{65*10^3\ Pa}{13600*9.81}=0.487\ m[/tex]

b) For water, [tex]\rho_w[/tex] = 1000 kg/m³, hence:

[tex]P=\rho_{w}*g*h\\\\h=\frac{P}{\rho_{w}*g} =\frac{65*10^3\ Pa}{1000*9.81}=6.6\ m[/tex]

features of purpose student management system​

Answers

Answer:

Cloud Enabled: ...

Student Behaviour Tracking and Analytics: ...

Campus Recruitment. ...

Communication & social features: ...

Admission Management: ...

Account Management: ...

Laboratory Management: ...

Profile Management:

Explanation:

features of purpose student management system

Please help!!!!! Thank u

Answers

Answer:

which class is this. I don't know sry

Find the value of L
I= 1.52-30A
Vcoil
+
225LO V
50 HZ
sout I VE
O 0.441 H
0 0.33 Н
O 0.451 H
O 0.562 H

Answers

Answer:

the value is 356732 Volt

what is the difference between a series circuit and a parallel circuit?

Answers

Answer:

In a parallel circuit, the voltage across each of the components is the same, and the total current is the sum of the currents flowing through each component. ... In a series circuit, every device must function for the circuit to be complete. If one bulb burns out in a series circuit, the entire circuit is broken.

Explanation:

Some_____
include peanut butter, bacon, and chocolate.
Snap traps baits
Glue boards
Catchalls
IGRs
Bait stations

Answers

Answer:

it’s IGS

Explanation:

because i read

Answer:

snap trap baits

Explanation: its kind of obvi, but i took the test and got it right.

You would like to use a simple water-filled barometer (an inverted tube in a container of water) to measure the atmospheric pressure on a day when the pressure is 102.5 kPa. What would be the minimum height required for such a barometer to work

Answers

Answer:

[tex]h=10.459m[/tex]

Explanation:

Pressure [tex]P=102.5kPa[/tex]

Atmospheric Pressure [tex]P=1000kg/m^3[/tex]

Generally the equation for Pressure P is mathematically given by

 [tex]P=pgh[/tex]

 [tex]P=1000*9.8*h[/tex]

 [tex]h=\frac{102.5*10^3}{1000*9.8}[/tex]

[tex]h=10.459m[/tex]

A 5 MHz clock that generates a 0 to 5V pulse train with a 30% duty cycle is connected to input X of a two input OR gate that has a 20nS propagation delay. The clock also goes to an inverter with a 10ns propagation delay. The output of the inverter goes to the Y input of the OR gate.

a. Draw the circuit
b. Plot the output of the clock for two cycles. Show times and voltages.
c. Plot the output of the inverter in the same plot. Show times and voltages.
d. Plot the output of the OR gate in the same plot. Show times and voltages.

Answers

Answer:

Timing Diagrams 15 pts. A 10 MHz clock that generates a 0 to 5V pulse train with a 30% duty cycle is connected to input X of a two input OR gate that has a 20nS propagation delay. The clock also goes to an inverter with a 10 ns propagation delay. The output of the inverter goes to the Y input of the OR gate. a) Draw the circuit. 2 pts. b) Plot the output of the clock for two cycles. Show times and voltages. 5 pts. c) On the same page as part (b) plot the output of the inverter. Show times and voltages. 3 pts. d) On the same page as parts (b & c) plot the output of the OR gate. Show times and voltages. 5 pts.

I have 50 kVA delta-wye transformer with 3 single phases secondary (line-neutral) delivered to 3 houses, So if one of the 3 houses drown more power would that affect another 2 houses, or each phase can only handle certain amount of power separately?

Answers

Answer:

tie es que sumar restar y multiplicar

Explanation:

espero que sea así

You can do it by having the amount

Convert 103.69 kN to TN.

Answers

103/69 kN = 10.406 tons

A fluid at 300 K flows through a long, thin-walled pipe of 0.2-m diameter. The pipe is enclosed in a concrete casing that is of square cross section (1 m x 1 m). The axis of the pipe is centered in the casing. The outer surfaces of the casing are maintained at 500 K. Calculate the heat loss per 1m length of the pipe. Please make sure to follow the rules required for all homework assignments.

Answers

Answer:

The correct answer is "1341.288 W/m".

Explanation:

Given that:

T₁ = 300 K

T₂ = 500 K

Diameter,

d = 0.2 m

Length,

l = 1 m

As we know,

The shape factor will be:

⇒ [tex]SF=\frac{2 \pi l}{ln[\frac{1.08 b }{d} ]}[/tex]

By putting the value, we get

⇒       [tex]=\frac{2 \pi l}{ln[\frac{1.08\times 1}{0.2} ]}[/tex]

⇒       [tex]=3.7258 \ l[/tex]

hence,

The heat loss will be:

⇒ [tex]Q=SF\times K(T_2-T_1)[/tex]

       [tex]=3.7258\times 1\times 1.8\times (500-300)[/tex]

       [tex]=3.7258\times 1.8\times (200)[/tex]

       [tex]=1341.288 \ W/m[/tex]

The data shows that recently the size of the raccoon population decreased. How will the decrease in the raccoon population affect the other populations?

Answers

Answer: Increase in the population of lower organisms.

Explanation: Raccoons are mesopredators found in the middle levels of food webs and have critical impacts on the dynamics of many other species. Thus, they greatly contribute to the functioning of the ecosystem.

They are naturally equipped to checkmate the population size of other organism that are below them (i.e., their preys) in the food web. They are; predators, pathogen carriers (such as rabies), and competitors, as they compete with some specialist in the food web.

Hence, the decrease in the population of raccoons will lead to the increase in the population size of lower organisms they prey on in the food web or chain.

For automobile engines, identify the best choice of motor oil.
A. High viscosity for Maine in the winter and low viscosity for Florida in the summer.
B. Low viscosity for Maine in the winter and low viscosity for Florida in the summer.
C. Low viscosity for Maine in the winter and high viscosity for Florida in the summer.
D. High viscosity for Maine in the winter and high viscosity for Florida in the summer.
E. It does not matter what the rating is for the motor oil.

Answers

Answer:

C. Low viscosity for Maine in the winter and high viscosity for Florida in the summer.

Explanation:

The choice of motor oil or engine oil depends on the type of engine and also on the type of climate on which the engine runs.

In winter climates, we should use oil with low viscosity as at lower temperatures, the it flows more readily if its viscosity is low.

But the summer season needs a relatively thicker oil so as to reduce the thinning effect of the oil out of the engine.

Thus for Maine in the winter season, we need a low viscosity oil and for Florida a high viscosity oil in the summer season.

Therefore, option (c) is correct.

Your new team is working hard, but they are all less experienced than you and don't complete their tasks as quickly.What would you be most and least likely to do? (A). Reach out to your manager to discuss the situation.Try to identify the best way to support the new associates. (B).Remind your coworkers of performance expectations and that they need to be working harder to complete tasks. (C). Offer to help others complete their tasks; observe their work process and provide some tips that might help them. (D). Give your coworkers more time to figure out how to do the task; they likely just need more practice with what they've already learned.​

Answers

I believe most likely: (C) least likely: (B)

What is the purpose of using state space representation?

Answers

Answer:

In control engineering, a state-space representation is a mathematical model of a physical system as a set of input, output and state variables related by first-order differential equations or difference equations.

Explanation:

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Does the lion and the mouse have the same theme as the walnut tree story? What is the midpoint of the segment below?(3, 5)(-6, -6) What motto governs the society in which Tris lives Cheap Car Rental rents a car at $50 per day plus $0.55 per mile. Best Car Rental charges $55 per day plus $0.50 per mile. In how many miles, m, will both cars cost the same? You recently took part in a cleaning campaign in your neighbourhood. Writer an e-mail to your friend to tell him or her about the day . In your e-mail you should say who organised the day and why ;describe what you did say what you learned from the experience your letter should be about 150 words long somebody help me out Will mark brainliest! Problem is in pic below, no links please. Give explanation. Thanks. make x the subject of e = bx-dYA'LL PLEASE I CAN'T DO MATHS (x-1)-(x-1)Can anyone help me with factorising this Write a story in which a diary plays an important part. Word limit: 350-500 What feature was in both Andrew Johnsons and Abraham Lincolns Reconstruction plans?requiring a loyalty oath from Southernersgiving confiscated land to emancipated enslaved peoplerequiring payment to plantation owners for their lossespreventing Confederate leaders from running for political office what's nine plus ten The rules of a game allow a team to score either 2 points or 5 points, depending on the nature of the scoring play. If the final score between two teams was 34 to 29, and there were 18 scoring plays altogether, how many 5-point plays were there? _____________ las salchichas. Como salchichas todos los das.Fill in the blankA: Me gusta muchoB: Me encantanC: No me gustan nadaD: Me encanta 1.How is it written and presented?2.Are references and links cited in the article? a person normally cost 1195 is on sale for 15% off if you only have a $10 bill do you have enough to purchase the book The function f(x)=300x/x^2+200 represents the monthly sales in hundreds of cds x months after the cd was released. Each statement interpretes a key feature of the function based on the table. Which statement is an interpretation of the end behavior A rod X, has a positive charge of 5. An otherwise identical rod, Y, has a negative charge of 12.The rods are touched together and then separated.a) When they touched, what particles moved between them?b) Did the particles move from X to Y or from Y to X. if f(x)=3x-2 and g(x)=2x+1, find (f-g)(x)A. x-3B. 5x-3C. 5x-1D. 3-x A 49-year-old restrained driver involved in a motor vehicle collision presents to the trauma center complaining of abdominal, pelvic, and bilateral lower extremity pain. Vital signs are stable. The nurse can anticipate all of these after a negative FAST exam EXCEPT which of the following?a. Diagnostic peritoneal lavageb. Serial FAST examsc. Abdominal and pelvic CT scansd. Serial abdominal assessments