Answer:
Complement
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The Complement System: Overview
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Major component of Innate Immune System
Consists of over 30 proteins, which participate in a tightly regulated cascade-like activation process.
Protects host from pathogenic microorganims, contributes to immune complex regulation & is an important link between the innate & adaptive immune systems.
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3 Major Outcomes of Complement Activation
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1. Stimulation of inflammatory reactions via release proinflammatory mediators, which induce chemotaxis of leukocytes (leading to microbe destruction) & inflammation
2. Opsonization of pathogens by depositing fragments of complement proteins on the pathogens, making them more susceptible to phagocytosis
3. Complement-Mediated Cytolysis, via formation of a Membrane Attack Complex, which can insert itself into bacterial membrane & cause osmotic lysis
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Alternative Pathway Steps
Lectin Pathway Activation
Classical Pathway Activation
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The Complement System: Overview
Major component of Innate Immune System
Consists of over 30 proteins, which participate in a tightly regulated cascade-like activation process.
Protects host from pathogenic microorganims, contributes to immune complex regulation & is an important link between the innate & adaptive immune systems.
3 Major Outcomes of Complement Activation
1. Stimulation of inflammatory reactions via release proinflammatory mediators, which induce chemotaxis of leukocytes (leading to microbe destruction) & inflammation
2. Opsonization of pathogens by depositing fragments of complement proteins on the pathogens, making them more susceptible to phagocytosis
3. Complement-Mediated Cytolysis, via formation of a Membrane Attack Complex, which can insert itself into bacterial membrane & cause osmotic lysis
Explanation:
i don't know if It helps you...parang Ang layo naman Ng sagot ko sa tanong mo
Critical thinking is the ability to reason and solve problems using facts and concepts. These questions can be approached from a number of angles, and in most cases, they do not have a single correct answer.
Give the common name of a eukaryotic microbe that is unicellular, walled, nonphotosynthetic, nonmotile, and bud-forming.
Answer:
Yeast
Explanation:
The correct answer would be yeast.
Yeast belongs to the fungi kingdom. Organisms in the fungi kingdom are generally eukaryotic in that their cells contain a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles such as mitochondrion. Fungal cells lack chlorophyll and are therefore nonphotosynthetic. They are also nonmotile
While fungi exhibit different body forms in terms of body complexity, the only unicellular form is yeast. The organism possesses all the attributes of fungi highlighted above, has a cell wall made largely of chitin, and reproduces through budding.
Answer: Yeast.
Explanation:
Yeasts are eukaryotic organisms, more precisely microscopic fungi that do not form filamentous networks (hyphae), classified as ascomycetes or basidiomycetes and are predominantly unicellular in their life cycle. The cell wall of yeasts is composed of complex "B"-glucan polysaccharides, mannoproteins and chitin. Also, yeast are non-motile organisms when they grownon a solid media.
They usually reproduce asexually by budding or bipartition and by having sexual stages that are not attached to a sporocarp (fruiting body). During asexual reproduction, a new bud emerges from the mother yeast when suitable conditions are met, after which the bud separates from the mother upon reaching adult size. In the case that they reproduce sexually, this occurs by means of ascospores or basidiospores. In conditions of nutrient scarcity, yeasts that are able to reproduce sexually will form ascospores.
Yeasts are important because of their ability to carry out the decomposition by fermentation (predominantly alcoholic) of various organic compounds, mainly sugars or carbohydrates, producing different substances. Therefore, they do not photosynthesize to obtain energy, since they do not possess chlorophyll (pigment responsible for capturing solar energy for photosynthesis).
At her initial evaluation, Ms. Jones reports that she has lost 25 pounds over the past eight months despite an increase in her appetite. She complains of extreme fatigue, heart palpitations and irritability. Clinical observations reveal a protrusion of the eyeballs and hand tremors. You suspect that she might have:
a. hypothyroidism
b. diabetes mellitus
c. hypopituitarism
d. hyperthyroidism
Answer:
d. hyperthyroidism
Explanation:
Hyperthyroidism is a condition that occurs when the thyroid gland in our body secretes too much of the thyroxin hormone. Thyroid gland is a butterfly shaped gland that is located in our neck and it produces the hormone called thyroxin. Excess production of thyroxin leads to a condition named hyperthyroidism.
A person's metabolism increases when he or she is suffering from hyperthyroidism. One's weight is lost but the appetite increases. Other symptoms are extreme fatigue, irritability, heart palpitations, sweating and puffy eyes.
Thus in the context, Ms. Jones is suspect to have hyperthyroidism as she she is showing all the above symptoms.
What are carbohydrates?
O Water is non-polar which is why other compounds will dissolve in it
O Macromolecules composed of amino acids
O Non-water soluble macromolecules with a high proportion of hydrocarbons
O Macromolecules composed of nucleotides
Answer:
O Non-water soluble macromolecules with a high proportion of hydrocarbons
Explanation:
Carbohydrates are one of the four biological molecules in nature (asides from proteins, nucleic acid, and lipids). Carbohydrates are a complex polymer consisting of several chains of carbon and hydrogen (hydrocarbons).
According to this question, carbohydrates are non-water soluble macromolecules with a high proportion of hydrocarbons.
which organism in the food web might be found in the first tropic level of a food chain
cougar
mouse
acorns
coyote
Answer:
Acorns would be found at the first trophic level of a food chain.
Explanation:
I need help on this please and thank you!
Answer:
I think it's probably 2,3, and 4 :))
Answer:
renewable resources can be replenished.
most renewable resources are easily available in nature.
all renewable resources are cost effective.
What would be the reaction of sea anemone if a glass rod touch the tip of its tentacles?
Answer:
releasing venom from the skin
A researcher crossed two plants, and informed an assistant researcher to determine the genotypes and phenotypes of the plants that were crossed by analyzing the offspring. The assistant counted 30 plants with green pods and 10 plants with yellow pods. Which of the following conclusions can accurately be made by the assistant?
a. The researcher had selfed a true-breeding plant with green pods.
b. The researcher had crossed true-breeding plants of differing pod colors.
c. The researcher had crossed two heterozygous plants.
d. The researcher had crossed two plants with yellow pods.
e. The researcher had crossed a plant with green pods to a plant with yellow pods.
Answer:
c. The researcher had crossed two heterozygous plants.
Explanation:
Due to technical problems, you will find the complete explanation in the attached files.
High altitude adaptation is a complex physiological process that involves an increase in both the number of Hb molecules per erythrocyte and the total number of erythrocytes. It normally requires several weeks to complete. However, even after one day at high altitude, there is a significant degree of adaptation. This effect results from a rapid increase in the erythrocyte BPG concentration.
a. Try to do this without looking at the graphs. If oxygen-binding curves for both high altitude adapted hemoglobin and normal, unadapted Hb were plotted together, would the curve for high altitude adapted Hb be to the left of, to the right of or the same as the curve for unadapted Hb? Explain.
b. Is the oxygen binding affinity of high-altitude adapted Hb higher, lower, or the same as that of unadapted Hb? Explain.
Answer:
a. To the right
b. higher
Explanation:
From the information given:
a.
The oxygen-adsorption curve of the elevated high altitude modified the hemoglobin and this will move to the right because there is a reduced amount of oxygen available at high altitude, as well as an increase in carbon dioxide and H+ ion concentration, temperature, and all of which raise pH and shifts the curve towards the right.
b.
As there is a low relative partial pressure of oxygen at high altitude, the oxygen-binding attraction of high altitude adaptable hemoglobin is greater and higher than that of unadapted hemoglobin under pulmonary oxygen loading. This is important to optimize the oxygen concentration levels in blood circulation and blood tissues.
Comb jellies are:____.
A. Bilaterally symmetrical.
B. Similar to a cnidarian polyp.
C. Distinguished by eight bands of cilia.
D. Colonial animals.
E. Carnivores that use nematocysts to capture prey.
Answer:
C. Distinguished by eight bands of cilia.
Explanation:
Ctenophora, also known as comb jellies, represents a phylum of transparent, mostly pelagic, invertebrate marine animals that live around the world. This group characterized by eight rows of cilia (singular cilium) that are used for locomotion. Cilia are organelles and/or structures that extend from the surface of eukaryotic cells, which can be used to move the surrounding fluid, resulting in cell movement. This phylum is divided into two classes: Tentaculata (with tentacles) and Nuda (without tentacles).
What sugars are composed of short chains
The monosaccharides glucose, fructose, and galactose are single sugar molecules. The disaccharides sucrose, lactose, and maltose are double sugar molecules. Complex carbohydrates are chains of more than two sugar molecules. Short carbohydrate chains are called oligosaccharides and contain 3 to 10 sugar molecules.
Plants convert ________.
Answer:
sunlight into energy
Explanation:
Describe sea turtle populations during the late 1400’s
Answer:
6.5 million sea turtles
Recent estimates show us that there are nearly 6.5 million sea turtles left in the wild with very different numbers for each species, e.g. population estimates for the critically endangered hawksbill turtle range from 83,000 to possibly only 57,000 individuals left worldwide.
Explanation:
hope it helps you
porfavor especifica que quieres que te diga
Explanation:
……………,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
Answer:
these r so many which one?
Explanation:
1. What is stimulus?
2. Define response.
3. What are tropic movements
4. What excretory products are produced in plants?
5. When do stomata open and close?
Answer:
1.someting that causes directly, development, interest.
2.an answer to somebody something
3.directional movement of particular part of a plant in response to environmental stimuli
4. carbon dioxide, oxygen
5. allow for the uptake of carbon dioxide anf to limit the loss of water due to evaporation
The number of organisms that an area of land can sustain over a long period time is known as
Answer:
Carrying Capacity
Explanation:
Over the past few hundred years, the human population on Earth has
Answer:
7.9 billion
in June 2021 to the United nations Estimated elaborted by worldmeter.
How do organisms have a negative impact on the water cycle? And how can they affect other organisms with your answer? Please help.
Ari drew a diagram to show organisms in an ecosystem.
A flowchart. Cycle 1: 1, Grass. 2, Grasshopper. 3, Shrew or Mouse. 4, Fox. Cycle 2: 1, Grass. 2, Mouse. 3, Fox or Snake. Cycle 3: 1, Grass. 2, Rabbit. 3, Fox.
What did Ari draw?
a food chain
a trophic chain
a food web
an energy web
Answer: Ari draw a food web.
Explanation:
A single ecosystem which contains all the food chains is called a food web.
In a food web each living thing present in a food web is a part of multiple food chains. Hence, food webs tend to represent the overlapping of food chains in that ecosystem.
The flow chart drawn by Ari represents that the living things present in cycle 1 are part of cycle 2 and cycle 3. Also, living things present in cycle 2 are part of cycle 1 and cycle 3.
A food chain is basically a single path where each organism is dependent of the other as a source of food without any overlapping.
Thus, we can conclude that Ari draw a food web.
Answer:
c
Explanation:
ONE FOOD CHAIN that was affected by the introduction of wolves and model it
Answer:
Carnivorous
Explanation:
The wolf, also known as the gray wolf or grey wolf, is a large canine native to Eurasia and North America. More than thirty subspecies of Canis lupus have been recognized, and gray wolves, as colloquially understood, comprise non-domestic/feral subspecies. Wikipedia
which of the following are examples of mechanical erosion/weathering
A. Wind blowing sand
B. water flowing over rock
C. a plant's roots cracking
rock
D. none of the above
E. A & B only
Answer:
c. a plant's roots cracking rock
Answer:
C.) a plant's roots cracking rock
__________ law, which helps explain the critical closing pressure, states that the force that stretches the vascular wall is proportional to the diameter of the vessel times the blood pressure.
Answer:
Laplace law
Explanation:
Have a nice day :)
how many hydrogen atoms are contained in a singleolecule of sucrose A, 6 B,12 C,22 D,24
Answer:
C 22
Explanation:
What does it mean to say science is a systematic process
 Why is if imporrant to find a location to build your house?
Explanation:
It's the most important factor when buying real estate. Location matters, even the location inside the neighborhood will have a large impact on your home's value. ... You want to buy on the low end of the neighborhood's price range because the other homes in your neighborhood will bring your value up
What does the symbiotic relationship commensalism mean? (Question is from GradPoint.)
A. One organism captures and eats another
B. One organism benefits and the other is not affected
C. One organism feeds off of another organism
D. Both organisms benefit
Answer:
B
Explanation:
Commensalism is a symbiotic relationship in which one species benefits while the other species is not affected.
Answer: B. One organism benefits and the other is not affected
3. DNA and Protein similarities are often used for molecular evidence of evolution. What is being compared to show relatedness among species? Explain how this works.
Answer:
The sharing of common ancestors
what bond is broken when energy is released?
Answer:
Bonds are both broken and made in chemical reactions but many biology teachers and textbooks state that "Breaking ATP bonds releases energy." In reactions bonds are broken and made. If the strength of the bonds formed exceeds the strength of the bonds broken the reaction is exothermic.
Explanation:
Hope this helps. :)
Natural selection was acting on the population of radish plants. Which of the following DOES NOT satisfy a condition of natural selection as it relates to our radish populations?
a. there was a purple phenotype and a white phenotype
b. the R allele produced a white plant, and rr produced purple plants
c. competition was affecting the reproductive success of at least one of the morphs
d. our populations of radishes were small
e. all of the above are examples of conditions necessary and sufficient for evolution by natural selection
Answer:
d. our populations of radishes were small
Explanation:
Natural selection is a type of evolution that allows only individuals with favorable characteristics and better adapted to the environment to survive and reproduce offspring with the same favorable characteristics. In this case, to observe a population where natural selection is taking place, population sizes can be disregarded, as this is not a condition for natural selection to take place. However, the other conditions presented in the response options are necessary for natural selection, since it is necessary that there are different phenotypes and genotypes in the population and that competition between them promotes the survival of one group at the expense of the other.
What is biotechnology, and what are some examples from the ocean?
Answer:
Marine biotechnology may include techniques such as bioprocessing, bioharvesting, bioprospecting, bioremediation, using bioreactors etc (so called process biotechnology techniques); aquaculture/fisheries; gene, protein, or other molecule based techniques; while applications may include: health, food, cosmetics
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