What contributes to cell membrane fluidity? Proteins and lipids exist as separate but loosely attached molecules that can move around Protein enzymes create the fluidity. The cell is bathed in water. The transport of substances through the membrane makes it fluid.

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

Proteins and lipids exist as separate but loosely attached molecules that can move around

Explanation:

Cell membranes are mainly composed of lipids, proteins, and also carbohydrates. Phospholipids are the most abundant type of lipid and the main constituent of the cell membranes. Membrane proteins are divided into two types according to their interactions with the cell membrane: 1-integral (intrinsic) and peripheral (extrinsic) proteins. These peripheral proteins are loosely attached by ionic bonds or calcium bridges with the phosphate heads of the phospholipids; whereas integral membrane proteins contain side chains that interact with fatty acyl groups of the phospholipids. Cell membrane fluidity indicates how easily lipids (e.g., phospholipids and cholesterol) and proteins (e.g., intrinsic proteins) diffuse laterally in the cell membrane. This fluidity is affected by the amount of cholesterol, temperature, and the ratio of unsaturated to saturated fatty acids. Saturated fatty acids have no double bonds in the hydrocarbon chain, whereas unsaturated fatty acids have at least one double bond (these double bonds increase fluidity). Moreover, higher temperatures increase membrane fluidity, whereas cholesterol molecules function to regulate membrane fluidity: at high temperatures cholesterol molecules stabilize the membrane, whereas at low temperatures intercalate between phospholipids, thereby preventing them from clustering together.


Related Questions

15. Assuming the fluorescence threshold is set to be 1. Which gene has the highest gene expression rate? What is the Ct value? Gene with highest expression = ______________ Ct value = _______________

Answers

Answer:

The correct answer is - Gene 1 and 14.5 (or 14).

Explanation:

The cycle threshold is denoted as Ct value. It is the cross point at the threshold line meets with fluorescence signal reaction curve. In the given RTpcr experiment, the threshold line is fluorescence intensity 1 thus, Ct value for each gene will be the point at which each curve meets the fluorescence intensity line at 1. Ct value of is inversely proportional to amount of nucleic acid in the given sample.

Here, the Ct for gene 1 is the lowest, so the amount of DNA would be highest.

Gene with highest expression= Gene 1

Ct value= 14.5

What is a major role that fungi play in ecosystems

Answers

Answer:

Fungi play a crucial role in the balance of ecosystems. They colonize most habitats on earth, preferring dark, moist conditions. They can thrive in seemingly-hostile environments, such as the tundra. However, most members of the Kingdom Fungi grow on the forest floor where the dark and damp environment is rich in decaying debris from plants and animals. In these environments, fungi play a major role as decomposers and recyclers, making it possible for members of the other kingdoms to be supplied with nutrients and to live.

Explanation:

Answer from Gauth math

The change that occurs at point C could be caused by Multiple choice question. A) increased predation by wolves. B) a wet year with increased vegetative growth. C) increased competition from moose herds. D) a dry year with decreased vegetative growth.

Answers

Answer:

The answer is "Option B"

Explanation:

A wet season with increased plant growth is indicated by the fact that the population of Elks from beginning point C attained maximum population size (K100) and remained stable until point D. That's why the difference at point C could be due to the a wet year still higher plant growth.

A thermometer is placed in water in order to measure the water’s temperature. What would cause the liquid in the thermometer to drop?

Answers

Answer:

The kinetic energy of the water molecules decreases which causes the liquid in the thermometers to drop.

Explanation:

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Which of the following would be most likely to increase erosion rates?
A. A coastline with a well defined beach.
B. Waves breaking at the foot of a cliff
C. Waves with a very long fetch (have traveled far).
D. All of these

Answers

Answer:

D

Explanation:

we all need that all of then helps to increase erosion rates

D

This is because all of these have a major effect on the erosion rates and over time you would see a major difference with all the factors in play

Question 4 of 20
Which energy transfer occurs when a cube of ice is placed in a glass of
water?
A. The chemical energy of the ice is transferred to the liquid water.
B. The nuclear energy in the water molecules is released from the ice
into the liquid water.
C. Gravitational potential energy is transferred from the liquid water
to the ice.
O D. Thermal energy is transferred from the liquid water to the ice.
SUBMIT

Answers

Answer:

option (D) is the right answer

which of the following is not a type of light microscope?

A. transmission electron microscope
B. phase contrast microscope
C. bright field microscope
D. stereo microscope ​

Answers

Answer:

A. transmission electron microscope.

Basidia within a basidiocarp are obvious for mushrooms, but this may not be as obvious for other examples that you have observed. For each of the examples of basidiomycetes that you have observed, speculate about the location of structures analogous to the basidia observed in mushrooms. Think about the formation of spores by meiosis.

a. bird's-nest fungi
b. common puffballs
c. earthstar puffball
d. shelf fungi
e. corn smut

Answers

Answer:

Birds nest fungi: Basidicarp, a cup shaped with several lenticular bodies appear as bird's nest with eggs. The eggs are called the peridioles and the nest serves release the eggs onto the twigs or branches and spores are liberated .

common puffball: The young fruit body is covered with whitish spines that become mark of scar after maturity.

Earth star puff balls: The fruiting body is in the shape of an egg, it has an outer part that separates away from the inner basidiocarp and splits into several rays which curve backwards and resembles a star.

shelf fungi: The fruiting body develops on the tree trunks and termed conk which are tough and leathery often plate-like growing out of the tree trunks.  

corn smut: The diploid teliospores germinate and undergo meiosis to result in four haploid basidiospores.

4. Which of the following are extra senses that vertebrates may have? (Choose all that apply)
magnetoreception
proprioception
baroception
o nociception

Answers

Answer:

- Proprioception

- Magnetoreception

- Nociception

The following are the extra senses that vertebrates may have:

Magnetoreception. Proprioception.Nociception.

Thus, the correct options are A, B, and D.

What is Vertebrate?

Vertebrates may be defined as those groups of animals that possess a backbone or spinal column. It includes mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and fishes.

Magnetoreception is a sense that allows the organisms to detect the senses of the Earth's magnetic field and responds to it. Proprioception may be defined as a sort of sense that allows your body abilities to sense movement, action, and location.

Nociception may completely depend on the sensory nervous system that process in response to encoding noxious stimuli.

Therefore, the correct options for this question are A, B, and D.

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Explain briefly the forces that govern the upward movement of water and dissolved
mineral salts in plants.
tom of classification.

Answers

Answer:

The continuous evaporation of water (or transpiration) from the cells of a leaf crates a kind of suction which pulls up water through the xylem vessles. Thus, transpiration helps in the upward movement of water and dissolved minerals from the roots to the leaves through the stem.

On an ECG, what does Ventricular Fibrillation mean?
A. Tachycardia, the heart is beating too fast.
B. There is no coordinated contraction of the heart, death is possible in minutes.
C. A lack of oxygen to the heart.
D. Brachycardia, the heart is beating too slow.

Answers

Answer:

A

Explanation:

I believe the answer is A because Ventricular Fibrillation means the heart is beating irregularrly, and too fast. Sometimes up to 500bpm

There is no coordinated contraction of the heart, death is possible in minutes. Therefore option B is correct.

Ventricular fibrillation (VF) is a life-threatening cardiac arrhythmia characterized by chaotic electrical activity in the ventricles, the heart's lower chambers.

During VF, the heart loses its ability to pump blood effectively, leading to a lack of blood flow to vital organs.

Without immediate intervention, such as defibrillation to restore a normal heart rhythm, the condition can rapidly progress to cardiac arrest and cause death within minutes.

Unlike tachycardia (A) or bradycardia (D), which involve abnormal heart rates, VF is a more severe and critical situation with disorganized electrical signals and ineffective pumping, requiring urgent medical attention.

Therefore option B There is no coordinated contraction of the heart, death is possible in minutes. is correct.

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Porque crees que las personas llegan a consumir sustancias psicoactivas

Answers

Answer:

La causa exacta del consumo de drogas se desconoce. Los genes de una persona, la acción de las drogas, la presión de compañeros, el sufrimiento emocional, la ansiedad, la depresión y el estrés ambiental pueden ser todos factores intervinientes.

Explanation:

Find out the chemical names and formula e for the following common house hold substances - a) common salt b) baking soda c) washing soda d.) vinegar ​

Answers

Salt: Sodium Chloride, NaCl
Baking Soda: Sodium hydrogen carbonate or Sodium bicarbonate, NaHCO3
Washing Soda: sodium carbonate decahydrate, Na2CO3 10H2O
Vinegar: Acetic acid, CH3COOH


Fermentation preserves food and retains its original flavor as well as increasing its shelf life

Answers

Answer:

Yes it does

Explanation:

true that is facts it sure does

The mutation of a cell for a specific function is called

Answers

Explanation:

A gene variant if functionof mutation

Answer:

A gene variant for a specific function

why is the silkworm called a useful insect?

Answers

Silkworm is called a useful insect because it produces very expensive silk which is soft, elastic,shiny and rearing silkworm can impact greatly on county’s economy.
That’s why ,Silkworm are called as useful insect.

Put the following steps of Meiosis in the correct order:

I. The cell divides into 2 daughter cells
II. Homologous chromosomes pair up in the center of the cell
III. Spindle fibers separate homologous chromosomes
IV. Chromosomes become shorter and thicker
A. I, II, III, IV
B. IV, III, II, I
C. II, III, I, IV
D. IV, II, III, I

Answers

C.
Because first thing that happens in meiosis is the homologous pairs come in the center of the cell. Without that happening first, the cell can’t divide into 2 daughter cells, so it is NOT option A.
Chromosomes will become shorter and thicker at the end so the only option that remains is C.
Homologous chromosomes pair up in the center of the cell.Spindle fibers separate homologous chromosomes.The cell divides into 2 daughter cells.Chromosomes become shorter and thicker.

What is Meiosis

Meiosis  (listen); from Ancient Greek'lessening', since it is a reductional division) is a special type of cell division of germ cells in reproducing organisms that produce the gametes, such as sperm or egg cells. It involves two rounds of division that ultimately result in four cells with only one copy of each chromosome (haploid). Additionally, before the division, genetic material from the paternal and maternal copies of each chromosome is crossed over, creating new combinations of code on each chromosome. Later on, during fertilization, the haploid cells produced by meiosis between a male and female will fuse to create a cell with two copies of each chromosome again, the zygote.

Errors in meiosis resulting in aneuploidy (an abnormal number of chromosomes) are the leading known cause of miscarriage and the most frequent genetic cause of developmental disabilities.

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Devise an experiment to test the effect of pH on the activity of biological washing powder

Answers

Answer:

boil a water on a container deep your face inside it and you know the temperature ️ of water

8.the following one is considered as safety rule in laboratory

1 point

never eat or drink anything in the science lab

always clean up when you have finished the experiment

wear safety goggles while doing experiments

all the above​

Answers

All the above would be classified as safety rules

48. Which of the following is an example of a point source of pollution? Agricultural pesticides from crops Oil spill from a tanker from burning fossil fuels in cars Mercury from in-land coal mines

Answers

Answer:

Oil spill

Explanation:

Its the oil spill because the pollution from it can be traced back to a specific source

Biological organization extends beyond the organism. Which group of terms would be included beyond organism in the same list

Answers

Answer:

This question lacks options, the options are:

A. populations, communities, and ecosystems

B. DNA, RNA, and protein

C. Cells, tissues, and organs

The answer is A

Explanation:

The biological level of organization shows the organized build up of life from cellular level to organismal level. However, this organization goes beyond the organismal level. Individual species of organisms can assemble to form a POPULATION.

Likewise, populations of different species can coexist to form a COMMUNITY. The community of organisms can interact with their abiotic environment to form an ECOSYSTEM.

Therefore, the level of biological organization extends as follows:

populations → communities → ecosystems

The basal metabolism of a human adult is the total rate of energy production when a person is not performing significant physical activity.

a. True
b. False

Answers

Answer:

True

Metabolism refers to the countless chemical processes going on continuously inside the body that allow life and normal functioning.

The amount of kilojoules your body burns at any given time is affected by your metabolism.

Your metabolic rate is influenced by many factors – including age, gender, muscle-to-fat ratio, amount of physical activity and hormone function.

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Answer:

Explanation:

                FALSE

56:25
If blood is in short supply, which blood type would be the most beneficial to have on hand if someone needed a blood transfusion?
O+
O–
AB+
AB–

Answers

I think it’s o+ if not try o- sorry if this was no help

6. Which of the following does not allow observation of living organisms?
a) Bright field microscopy
b. Phase contrast microscopy
c) Fluorescent microscopy
d. Dark Field microscopy ...​

Answers

Dark field microscopy because it’s dark and you can only observe things in light

What role do government agencies play in a mixed market economy?
They run shipping companies and other sources of distribution.
They own farms, factories, and other sources of production.
They regulate some aspects of production and distribution,
O They employ most of the workers in the economic system.
Save and Exit
Next
Submit
Mark this and retum
ty

Answers

Answer:

They regulate some aspects of production and distribution

Explanation:

Got it Correct

In a mixed market economy, government agencies regulate some aspects of production and distribution. Hence option C is correct.

What is a mixed market economy?

A mixed market economy is an economic system that combines elements of a free market system with elements of government intervention and regulation.

In a mixed market economy, goods and services are produced primarily by private individuals and businesses operating in a market environment. However, the government also regulates and oversees economic activity, and may provide goods and services directly to the public.

In a mixed market economy, the government's role is typically focused on providing public goods and services, protecting consumers, and maintaining competition.

This may include regulating some aspects of production and distribution, and ensuring that businesses operate in a fair and ethical manner. At the same time, individuals and businesses are generally free to pursue their own economic interests and to compete in the market on a level playing field.

Hence option C, they regulate some aspects of production and distribution is correct.

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which primitive organic molecule was essential to form lipid bilayer?​

Answers

Answer:

autocatalytic RNA is the primitive organic molecules was essential form liquid bilayer .

During transcription, RNA polymerase synthesizes RNA from a DNA template with the help of accessory proteins.

a. True
b. False

Answers

Answer:

The correct answer is a. True

Explanation:

The information to produce a protein is coded in the cells in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). Transcription is the process in which a DNA sequence is copied into a ribonucleic acid (RNA) sequence. This RNA sequence is a messenger RNA (mRNA) because it will be then translated into a functional protein. For this, the DNA sequence is read and an RNA strand is synthesized by an RNA polymerase (an enzyme that synthesizes RNA molecules from a DNA template). During the process participate other proteins, such as DNA binding proteins, activators, coactivators, etc. (accessory proteins).

This is the last

What are the vestigal organs present in human body??​

Answers

Answer:

Charles Darwin listed a number of putative human vestigial features, which he termed rudimentary, in The Descent of Man (1871). These included the muscles of the ear; wisdom teeth; the appendix; the tail bone; body hair; and the semilunar fold in the corner of the eye.

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Which characteristic of a dog is inherited?


Barking

Doing tricks

Walking on a leash

Whining for food

Answers

Answer:

Barking is inherited characteristic of dog.

Explanation:

They inherit that from their ancestors.

Barking
The other is learn

what is the waterfalls ​

Answers

Answer:

waterfall is a falling of a river or other body of water over a steep Rocky ledge. Shows interruption in water flow

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