The cell cycle is a 4 procedure in which the cell enlarges (gap 1, or G1), replicates its DNA (synthesis, or S), gets ready to divide (gap 2, or G2), and splits (gap 4, or S) (mitosis, or M, stage).
The cell cycle is an organized sequence of cell growth and division events that results in the creation of 2 new daughter cells.
The cell prepares for cell division during interphase while simultaneously going through regular activities. Numerous internal and external requirements need to be satisfied for a cell to transition from the metaphase to the mitotic phase. The three interphase phases are designated G1, S, & G2.
The cytoplasm and nucleus contents must be split to create two daughter cells. The duplicated aligned chromosomes are separated, and transferred to the cell's opposing poles during the multi-step mitotic phase, after which the cell divides into two brand-new, identical daughter cells.
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what type of mutation error has occurred to cause the disorder shown
Substitution mutation is a type of mutation that has occurred to cause the disorder of sickle cell anemia.
Sickle cell anemia is caused by a substitution in the beta-hemoglobin gene, which alters a single amino acid in the protein produced. It is a heredity disease inherited by only one parent or both. If the gene is inherited by only one parent the resulting offspring is known as carrier.
It is a type of mutation in which a nucleotide is replaced by another nucleotide and alters the whole structure of protein. Sickle cell anemia is a disease in which Substitution mutation occurs. It is an inherited blood disorder it interferes the deliverance of oxygen to tissues. Cells of sickle cell hemoglobin are stiff as compared to the normal hemoglobin cells. Their life is also very short as compared to the normal cells. They live up about 10 to 20 days only.
Your question is incomplete but most probably your full question was
what type of mutation error has occurred to cause the disorder shown
sickle cell anemia
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a disease in which the causative agent remains inactive for a time before producing symptoms is referred to as?
Answer:
Latent Disease
Explanation:
Causative agent remains inactive for a. time, but then becomes active and produces disease symptoms.
when do you use cpctc in a proof
The two triangles must first be shown to be congruent using one of the triangle congruence criteria before CPCTC may be established. Consider the triangles ABC and CDE, for instance, where BC = CD and AC = CD are specified.
Corresponding Parts of Congruent Triangles are Congruent abbreviated as CPCTC. According to the CPCTC theorem, every corresponding component of one triangle is congruent to the other when two triangles are congruent. This indicates that when two or more triangles are congruent, the accompanying sides and angles are likewise congruent or equivalent in size. If two triangles are precisely the same size and shape, they are said to be congruent. Three of the sides and the angles of two congruent triangles are equal to one another. When a triangle's three sides correspond to those of another triangle, they are at the same location. According to corresponding angles, the three angles of one triangle are located in the same area as those of the other triangle.
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Imagine you are a genetic counselor and a couple (Martin and Shelley) comes to you for information. Martin has a sibling with sickle cell anemia, but neither he nor his parents have the disease. Shelley was married once before and did have a male child with sickle cell anemia. She does not have the disease herself. (sickle cell anemia is an autosomal, recessive disease)
What is the probability that their unborn baby will have sickle cell anemia?
The probability that their unborn baby will have sickle cell anemia is 1/4 or 25%.
Genetic probabilitySickle cell is an autosomal recessive disease. This means that both males and females have an equal chance of having the disease. They can also be carriers or not affected equally.
Martin does not have the disease but has a sibling with sickle cell anemia. It means his parents are each a carrier of the disease. Assuming the allele for sickle cell is s.
Ss x Ss
SS Ss Ss ss
Probability of unaffected = 1/4
Probability of being a carrier = 1/2
Probability of being affected = 1/4
Shelley was once married and had a male child with sickle cell. Since she does not have the disease herself, it means she's a carrier (Ss).
Assuming Martin is unaffected:
SS x Ss
SS Ss SS Ss
Probability of their unborn having sickle cell = 0
Assuming Martin is a carrier:
Ss x Ss
SS Ss Ss ss
The probability of their unborn having sickle cell = 1/4
Thus, the probability that their unborn baby will have sickle cell anemia is either 0 or 25%
P(A or B) = P(A) + P(B) - P(A and B)
= (0 + 1/4) - (0 x 1/4)
= 1/4
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compare and summarize the three stages of cellular respiration
Cellular respiration occurs in three stages: glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and electron transport. Glycolysis is an anaerobic process. The other two stages are aerobic processes. The products of cellular respiration are needed for photosynthesis, and vice versa.
The cytoplasmic mechanism known as glycolysis converts glucose into two molecules with a total of three carbons and energy. Two molecules each of ATP, NADH, and pyruvate are generated during glycolysis: As glucose is broken down aerobically through catabolism, ATP, NADH, and pyruvate are produced as energy. Pyruvate then enters the citric acid cycle to create additional energy. Plants manufacture oxygen and sugar-based energy through a process known as photosynthesis, which uses sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide. When sunshine and water are present, plants use a process called photosynthesis to make food. Absorption of light, electron transfer, ATP production, and carbon fixation are the several stages of photosynthesis.
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Using the following data, calculate the
population growth rate for Zambia:
CBR= 2.9%, Immigration = 1%,
CDR = 2.1%, Emigration = 1%
(Portions of the numeric data are factual.)
HINT: (CBR + Immigration) - (CDR + Emigration) = Population Growth Rate
A. 82%
C. -0.00802%
B. 0.8%
D. 8.025%
Population growth rate for Zambia is 0.8 % when CBR= 2.9%, Immigration = 1%,CDR = 2.1%, Emigration = 1% are as given above.
What is CBR?The crude birth rate is the number of live births per 1,000 of the population at the midyear census. long explanation The crude birth rate is the number of live births per 1,000 of the expected population at the midyear mark.
Given data;
CBR= 2.9%, Immigration = 1%,
CDR = 2.1%, Emigration = 1%
Now to find the Population Growth Rate use the given formula;
(CBR + Immigration) - (CDR + Emigration) = Population Growth Rate
Population Growth Rate= (CBR + Immigration) - (CDR + Emigration)
the current population of Zambia =18.92 million
now
CBR= 2.9% of 18.92 million=548680
CDR = 2.1% of 18.92 million=397320
Immigration = 1% of 18.92 million=189200
Emigration = 1% of 18.92 million=189200
now putting the values on eq.
Population Growth Rate= (CBR + Immigration) - (CDR + Emigration)
Population Growth Rate= (548680 +189200)-(397320 + 189200 )
Population Growth Rate=151360 *100/18.92 million
Population Growth Rate=0.8%
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What happens to chromosomes during reproduction?
Meiosis, the second sort of cell division, makes sure that each generation of people has the same number of chromosomes. To create sperm and egg cells, a two-step process that cuts the number of chromosomes in half (from 46 to 23) is used.
Mitosis and meiosis are the two distinct processes of cell division. When people talk about "cell division," they typically mean mitosis, which is the process of creating new cells for the body. The cell division process known as meiosis is what produces egg and sperm cells.
A vital process for life is mitosis. A cell divides into two identical daughter cells after duplicating all of its components, including its chromosomes. Due to the importance of this procedure, specific genes carefully regulate each step of mitosis. Health issues like cancer may develop when mitosis is improperly controlled.
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Which lower leg bone is one the lateral side?
Answer:
The Fibula
Explanation:
The fibula is the smaller of the two bones in your lower leg. The other is the tibia. The fibula runs from just under your knee to your ankle. It's closer to the outside of your body (lateral) than the tibia.
How does differentiation help explain these different cell types?
Cellular differentiation enables multicellular organisms to develop cell types and body plans that are uniquely functional.
Cellular differentiation, or simply cell differentiation, is the process by which a cell's gene expression changes to become a more specific type of cell.
Cellular differentiation is the process by which cells become specialized, and it is critical to an organism's development because it allows them to create structures that perform the jobs required for survival. Differentiation occurs by turning certain genes on and others off, resulting in the formation of specialized cells for specific functions.
Cells are classified into two types: prokaryotic and eukaryotic. A nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles are absent in prokaryotic cells. A nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles are found in eukaryotic cells. This enables these cells to perform complex functions.
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Tall (T) is dominant to short (t) Black is dominant to yellow (b) how many traits are we comparing
Answer:
We are comparing two traits.
Explanation:
These are four alleles of two traits (height and color).
Based on the figure above, which of these experimental treatments would increase the rate of sucrose transport into the cell? 1. decreasing extracellular pH 2. adding an inhibitor that blocks the regeneration of ATP 3. decreasing cytoplasmic pH 4. adding a substance that makes the membrane more permeable to hydrogen ions 5. decreasing extracellular sucrose concentration
Based on the sucrose uptake model, experimental treatments that increase the rate of sucrose transport into cells is decreasing extracellular pH.
Is sucrose used in transportation? Sucrose is synthesized in the cytoplasm, translocated from cell to cell across the plasmodesmata or membranes, and either compartmentalized or transported to the apoplasm for uptake by neighboring cells. Sucrose, a relatively large polar compound, requires proteins to facilitate efficient membrane trafficking.Sucrose reaches the sieve tube via plasmodesmata and allows cell-to-cell diffusion in species such as gourd. It is converted into larger molecules (RFOs) by the sequential addition of galactosyl residues in modified companion cells (CCs) called intermediate cells.In plants, sucrose is the major transport form of photoassimilated carbon, the source of the carbon skeleton, and the energy source for non-photosynthetic plant organs (sink organs). As a molecule to be transported over distance, sucrose must pass through a series of membranes.Can cells take up sucrose?Dietary carbohydrates of particular importance include starches and disaccharides such as lactose and sucrose. None of these molecules can be absorbed simply because, unlike monosaccharides, they have no transporters to transport them, and they cannot cross cell membranes, unlike monosaccharides.
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What are the 3 types of injury?
The 3 types of injury are :
Acute injury Overuse injuryChronic injuryAcute injury is typically the result of a single traumatic event that occurred within the last five days. Fractures, sprains, dislocations, and muscle strains are some examples.
Overuse injuries are subtle and develop over time, making them difficult to diagnose and treat. Swimmer's shoulder, runner's/knee, jumper's Achilles tendonitis, and shin splints are a few examples.
Chronic injury Usually lasts at least three months, if not longer.
An injury is any physical harm or damage to your body caused by an accident, hit, fall, weapon, or other cause. Millions of people injure themselves in the United States each year. These injuries can be minor or severe/fatal. Injuries can occur both indoors and outdoors, at work, while playing sports, or while driving a car.
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2.
In the figure below, B, C and D together are called?
Label the parts of the cell cycle diagram and briefly ...
mitosis
prophase
interphase
synthesis
Answer: b c d : interphase
I: mitosis
J: cytokinesis
A: dna synthesis
E: prophase
F: metaphase
G: anaphase
H: telophase
Explanation:
What are the 2 steps of protein synthesis in order?
Answer:
Protein synthesis is the process in which cells make proteins. It occurs in two stages: transcription and translation.
What is a sister chromatid in meiosis?
A sister chromatid refers to the identical copies (chromatids) formed by the DNA replication of a chromosome, with both copies joined together by a common centromere. In other words, a sister chromatid may also be said to be 'one-half' of the duplicated chromosome. A pair of sister chromatids is called a dyad.
DNA duplication during S phase of the cell cycle allows cells to maintain their genetic content across generations. The primary function of sister chromatids is to pass on a complete set of chromosomes to all the daughter cells formed as a result of cell division. During mitosis, they are attached to each other through the centromere – a stretch of DNA that forms protein complexes. By the end of mitosis, a series of reactions separate the two sister chromatids, moving them towards opposite ends of the dividing cell, and a new cell membrane forms between them, creating two daughter cells. Both the cells are genetically identical to the parent cell.
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Which parts of this organism are haploid? (select all that apply)
C
D
A
B
The parts of the organism that are haploid would be A and D. The second and third options.
What are haploids?Haploids refer to living organisms or parts of living organisms that contain a single chromosome set (n) instead of double chromosome sets (2n). Living organisms or parts of living organisms with double chromosome sets are said to be diploid (2n).
Organisms whose life cycles alternate between haploid and diploid generation can exist either as haploids or as diploids or even as both.
The picture shown in the image is that of a bryophyte, mosses to be precise. The dominant generation is the haploid generation. Thus, D represents the haploid or gametophyte generation.
The gametophyte carries the sporophyte (C) which divides by meiosis to produce haploid spores (A).
Thus, the parts of the picture that are haploid are A (spores) and D (gametophyte) respectively.
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Which of the following is NOT a basic need of plants in order to live?
A.Sunlight
B.Carbon Dioxide
C.Oxygen
D,Water
Answer: C
Explanation:
how to know if you carry the red hair gene
The test will examine each parent's DNA for evidence of the MC1R gene, which causes redheadedness. "We can... detect if an individual is a carrier of any of the three prevalent redhead variations in the gene MC1R using a simple saliva test to determine deep ancestry," stated Dr.
What causes red hair?
Red hair is a recessive hereditary feature induced by a sequence of mutations in the MC1R gene on chromosome 16. Because red hair is a recessive feature, it must be inherited from both parents.
As a result, there are significantly more persons harboring the red hair mutation than have red hair. Redheads account for around 13% of the Scottish population, with 40% carrying at least one mutation.
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Suppose there were many chloroplasts in the cells of the upper epidermis. How would that change the amount of sunlight reaching the chloroplasts in the palisade layer?
Suppose there were many chloroplasts in the cells of the upper epidermis. The change the amount of sunlight reaching the chloroplasts in the palisade layer is that: The palisade mesophyll chloroplasts would receive less light if the top epidermis contained chloroplasts since they would absorb the majority of the sun's energy.
Do chloroplasts exist in the top epidermis?A single layer of cells, with few or no chloroplasts, makes up this layer. Since the cells are relatively transparent, most of the light that reaches them can reach the cells below. A waxy, waterproof cuticle covers the upper surface of the leaf, preventing water loss from the leaf.
Therefore, Palisade cells are the ones with the most chloroplasts per cell, making them the main location of photosynthesis in the leaves of plants that have them. Photosynthesis is the process by which light energy is transformed into the chemical energy of carbohydrates.
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Do we have 30000 genes?
The human genome is actually not that much more complex than a modern jet aeroplane, which has more than 200,000 unique pieces, each of which interacts with three or four others on average. This is despite the fact that the human genome only has 30,000 genes in human DNA.
With the intention of understanding the bulk of the human genome, the Human Genome Project (HGP) was started. This involved identifying every human gene and mapping it out along the genome, as well as learning how much coding DNA we had and learning about human physiology, evolution, and development. The ultimate goal was to boost biomedical research by decoding crucial knowledge about how the entire genetic material functions.
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Decades ago farming was not a controversial subject. Today, people have very definite opinions as to how their food should be produced. The three methods of farming are conventional, organic, and GMO farming. You have been assigned the task of creating a table to compare and contrast the three methods. Choose ALL of the descriptors that could be placed in the Organic column.
A) produce is of higher nutritional quality than with a similar crop grown using conventional methods
B) reduced expenses in organic production that comes with hand labor and simpler farming techniques
C) use of biological control, crop rotations and other techniques to manage weeds, insects and diseases
D) yield is typically lower in an organic field than for a similar crop grown in a conventional or GM cropping system
E) elimination of synthetic pesticides and fertilizers and other materials, such as hormones and antibiotics
The descriptors that could be placed in the organic column for food production include production is of higher nutritional quality than with a similar crop is grown using conventional methods; use of biological control, crop rotations and other techniques to manage weeds, insects and disease; and elimination of synthetic pesticides and fertilizers and other materials, such as hormones and antibiotics (Option A, C and E).
What does organic food production mean?Organic food production refers to all methods used in agriculture to produce foods in a scalable quantity and simultaneously avoid contaminant sources such as herbicides and pesticides that may suffer from bioaccumulation.
Conversely, genetically modified organisms such as bt crops involve the use of genetic engineering techniques in the laboratory to produce foods in a scalable quantity.
Therefore, with this data, we can see that organic food production is the choice method to be free of any contaminant substances but it may raise concerns regarding the volume of production when compared to other methods.
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What is the general structure and function of epithelial tissue?
Answer:
Epithelial tissues are widespread throughout the body. They form the covering of all body surfaces, line body cavities and hollow organs, and are the major tissue in glands. They perform a variety of functions that include protection, secretion, absorption, excretion, filtration, diffusion, and sensory reception.
please help Think about the effect that NASA technologies have on your everyday life. What’s your opinion of the reciprocal relationship that NASA has with the public? Do you think this relationship is harmful or helpful? How might reduced government funding of NASA affect you as a consumer? Give evidence and reasoning for each of your claims.
earth and space science
Our reciprocal relationship with NASA and its technologies are more helpful than harmful to our life. The work of NASA makes us understand the earth we live and even their technologies allow us to see how the world and space look even if we just see from the screen.
But, not many people knew that some innovation that become common things in our daily life was affected by space technology. One of them is the baby formula; when NASA was researching the algae potential as the agent of recycling for long-duration space travel, they found out that nutrient-rich algae contained Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) and Arachidonic Acid (ARA) which is an excellent dietary supplement for the development of mental and visual of an infant. Imagine how much people were helped by these discoveries because a lot of mothers couldn't breastfeed their babies and needed baby formula. Moreover, don’t forget the internet we use today also came from the space technology of NASA.
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What does fragmented mean?
Answer:
it means to be broken into small peices like when glass gets shatterd
Explanation:
what is the definition of epistasis 1 point
The state known as "epistasis" occurs when the expression of one or more additional genes alters (e.g., masks, inhibits, or suppresses) the expression of a specific gene.
Epistasis refers to the interaction of genes that influences a phenotype. One phenotype with different properties can be determined by a conditional relationship between two genes. Genes can either work together to form a new trait or can hide one another so that only one is identified as "dominant." When it comes to gene pathways, this is typically seen since the presence or absence of one gene product directly impacts the expression of another gene within the pathway. This is also known as allelic complementation or interallelic complementation.
So, the interaction of genes with phenotype is what we mean when we say "epistasis."
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Differences in the physical traits of organisms is a(n) __________________.
Differences in the physical traits of organisms is a(n) Variation.
What is variation?In biology, variation is the difference in cells, individual organisms or characters or physical traits among individuals of any species caused by either genetic makeup or an effect of environmental factors. Physical traits are those distinguishable characteristics found in organisms.
Genetic variations can emerge from variant genes known as mutations or processes where genes are rearranged as cells are getting ready to divide which is called genetic recombination. When gene activities are altered by variation, they can introduce different physical traits in organisms.
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I need help with this assignment bio question
(a) The rate of photosynthesis will decrease because even though Hydrilla plants require less sunlight but the requirement is necessary.
(b) Three limiting factors are- Light intensity, Temperature and [tex]CO_{2}[/tex].
(c) The bubbles represent the evolution of oxygen.
What is Photosynthesis?
Plants and other living things employ a process called photosynthesis to transform light energy into chemical energy that can subsequently be released through cellular respiration to power the organism's activities.
What is the Hydrilla plant?
The hardy, quickly-growing perennial herb Hydrilla has long, slender stems that can reach lengths of up to 7 meters (23 ft). The tiny, lance-shaped or oblong leaves are clearly toothed and grow in pairs or whorls of three to eight. Also, they are aquatic and always remain submerged in water, they lack stomata and use their body for photosynthesis.
The rate of photosynthesis will decrease because even though Hydrilla plants require less sunlight but the requirement is necessary. Three limiting factors are- Light intensity, Temperature and [tex]CO_{2}[/tex]. The bubbles represent the evolution of oxygen.
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how is the expression of polygenic traits determined
The polygenic traits determined by the expression of its of both. Traits may be qualitative (which include eye color) or quantitative (which include peak or blood pressure).
Polygenic developments are decided through the interactions among numerous exclusive genes, which show incomplete dominance.
There are many exclusive allele combos can probable be constituted of mother and father which might be heterozygous for a polygenic trait managed through 3 exclusive genes with allele pairs Polygenic developments are expressed through the interplay of a couple of genes and the environment.
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which principle underlies cognitive therapy
Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is a type of talking therapy that focuses on rationalizing irrational thoughts and behaviors.
The Fundamentals of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy The central idea behind CBT is that your thoughts, feelings, and behavior all have an impact on one another. You can replace negative thought patterns with more positive or helpful ones by using specific cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) techniques.
Cognitive therapy is based on the theory that people who suffer from depression, anxiety, or other emotional disorders have maladaptive information processing patterns and behavioral difficulties. Recognizing negative or distorted automatic thoughts.
The following are some examples of CBT techniques: Putting yourself in situations that make you anxious, such as going into a crowded public place. Journaling about your thoughts and feelings about your thoughts throughout the day.
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How is the study of mitosis affected scientists knowledge of cancer Brainly?
Answer:
Explanation:
The correct answer is b) It led to an understanding of how cancer cells divide so rapidly.
