Answer:
Internal rate of return = 16.3%
Explanation:
The IRR is the discount rate that equates the present value of cash inflows to that of cash outflows. At the IRR, the Net Present Value (NPV) of a project is equal to zero
If the IRR greater than the required rate of return , we accept the project for implementation
If the IRR is less than that the required rate , we reject the project for implementation
IRR = a% + ( NPVa/(NPVa + NPVb)× (b-a)%
Step 1 : Calculate NPVa at 10%
NPV = PV of cash inflow - Initial cost
PV of cash inflow = 1500× ( 1- 1.1^(-2))/0.1=2,603.31
PV of salvage value = 800× 1.1^(-2) =661.16
NPV = 2,603.31 + 6,661.16 - 3000= 264.46
Step 2 :Calculate NPVb at 20%
PV of cash inflow = 1500× ( 1- 1.2^(-2))/0.2=2291.67
PV of salvage value = 800× 1.2^(-2) =555.56
NPV =2291.67 + 555.56 - 3,000 = -152.78
Step 3 : Calculate IRR
IRR = 10% + (264.46/(264.46+152.78))× (20-10)%= 16.3%
Internal rate of return = 16.3%
Crane Sales Company uses the retail inventory method to value its merchandise inventory. The following information is available for the current year:
Cost Retail
Beginning inventory $ 30,000 $ 45,000
Purchases 190,000 260,000
Freight-in 2,500 —
Net markups — 8,500
Net markdowns — 10,000
Employee discounts — 1,000
Sales revenue — 205,000
If the ending inventory is to be valued at the lower-of-cost-or-market, what is the cost-to-retail ratio?
a) $220,000 ÷ $315,000
b) $222,500 ÷ $305,000
c) $222,500 ÷ $313,500
d) $222,500 ÷ $303,500
Answer:
C. $222,500 ÷ $313,500
Explanation:
Calculation for cost to retail ratio
COST
Beginning inventory $30,000
Add; Purchases $190,000
Add: Freight in $2,500
Cost $222,500
RETAIL
Beginning inventory $45,000
Add: Purchases $260,000
Add: Net mark ups $8,500
Retail $313,500
Therefore, the cost to retail ratio will be
$222,500 $313,500
The practice of changing prices for products in real time in response to supply and demand conditions is referred to as
Answer:
Dynamic pricing
Explanation:
In simple words, Dynamic pricing, often alluded to as rising rates, vibrant pricing as well as period-based pricing, relates to the pricing technique under which companies set variable prices for goods or commodities on the basis of existing consumer demands. A main benefit of competitive pricing seems to be the opportunity to increase the income with each consumer.
For a nail salon, the costs associated with the purchase of nail polish and other products like polish remover and disposable flip flops are examples of ____costs. These ______ considered when building a MCS.
Answer: Variable cost; should be considered
Explanation:
For a nail salon, the costs associated with the purchase of nail polish and other products like polish remover and disposable flip flops are examples of variable costs. These should be considered when building a MCS.
Variable costs are the costs that varies with production. They are the opposite of fixed costs which are fixed. The nail polish and other products like polish remover and disposable flip flops are variable costs because the amount that'll be bought depends on the available customers and therefore isn't fixed.
The Sprint vs. Verizon ads that compare the features and pricing of the two networks are examples of competitive advertising. True False
Answer:
True
Explanation:
They are trying to win over customers by comparing each others features in a competition
Competitive advertising is demonstrated by the Sprint vs. Verizon adverts, which compare the functionality and pricing of the two networks. So, it is a true statement.
What is competitive advertising?Competitive advertising is the act of showcasing or promoting one's product in comparison to the product of another company.
This form of marketing can be used to target customers who are devoted to the other brand, prompting them to reassess their purchasing patterns.
The three types of competitive advertising are:
ComparativeReminderReinforcementFor more information about competitive advertising, refer below
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If an investor purchases a bond when its current yield is higher than the coupon rate, then the bond's price will be expected to
Answer:
The answer is: The bond price is expected to Increase over time, reaching par value at maturity
Explanation:
If an investor purchased a bond when the bond current yield-to-maturity is higher than the bond's price, the bond is said to be bought at discount (its price is less than the face value at maturity). With this, the bond price will be expected to Increase over time, reaching par value at maturity.
And when the opposite happens i.e coupon rate higher than the current yield-to-maturity, the bond is said to be bought at premium.
Assume that investors have recently become more risk averse, so the market risk premium has increased. Also, assume that the risk-free rate and expected inflation have not changed. Which of the following is most likely to occur?a. The required rate of return will decline for stocks whose betas are less than 1.0 b. The required rate of return on the market, rm, will not change as a result of these changes c. The required rate of return for each individual stock in the market will increase by an amount equal to the increase in the market risk d. The required rate of return on a riskless bond will decline. e. The required rate of return for an average stock will increase by an amount equal to the increase in the market risk premium.
Answer: e. The required rate of return for an average stock will increase by an amount equal to the increase in the market risk premium.
Explanation:
The market risk premium is the interest rate over the risk-free rate that investors will be compensated with for taking on the risk. Returns consist of both the risk-free rate and a premium charged for risk.
If investors become more risk averse, they will have to be compensated for what they view as riskier investments by increasing the premium being given to them.
Should this happen, the return that they will require will therefore increase by the same amount that the premium has increased.
In the BCG Growth Share Matrix, the suggested strategy for Stars is to ________.
A. milk them to finance other businesses
B. invest large sums to gain a good market share
C. maintain position and after the market growth slows use the business to provide cash flow
D. not invest in them and to shift cash flow to other businesses
Answer:
C. maintain position and after the market growth slows use the business to provide cash flow
Explanation:
Stars in the BCG Growth Share Matrix refer to the goods that have a big market share and bring more revenue to the company but they also require to invest a lot of money. Because of that, companies try to keep their place as long as possible but when the market slows down, they take the cash flow from the product to increase their profits. According to that, the answer is that in the BCG Growth Share Matrix, the suggested strategy for Stars is to maintain position and after the market growth slows use the business to provide cash flow.
The other options are not right because milk them to finance other businesses and not invest in them and to shift cash flow to other businesses is not a suggested strategy for starts because they can provide a lot of money. Also, invest large sums to gain a good market share is not right as stars are not always able to generate a positive cash flow and you can end up losing a big amount of money.
The offer curve describes Group of answer choices different wage offers a firm will make to workers of different education levels. different wage-and-risk level offers made by different firms. different wage-and-risk levels available to one firm. different risk levels associated with the same wage level.
Answer: different wage-and-risk level offers made by different firms.
Explanation:
The offer curve show the different wage-and-risk level offers made by different firms.
When firms make different wages and risk level offers, the offer curve can be used to show the comparison and relationship between the offers by the firms that are involved.
What describes minerals that are deemed real property, such as gold and silver, until they are removed from the earth and become personal property?
A. Mineral rights.
B. Nutrients.
C. Synthetics.
D. Solid minerale.
Answer:
The correct answer is D
Explanation:
Solid minerals contained in the land
(Coal, iron, ore, gold or silver)
Hope this helps! （づ￣3￣）づ╭❤～
Minerals known as real property such as gold and silver are known as Solid minerale before they later become personal property.
What is a Solid minerale?These are mineral that is natural occurring in a solid and inorganic state and are representable by a chemical formula.
An example of Solid minerale includes Talc, Gold, Clay, Lithium, Kyanite, Wolframite, Gemstones etc
Therefore, the Option D is correct.
Read more about Solid minerale
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The gap between the actual quantity produced by a monopolistically competitive firm and the optimal quantity in a competitive market is known as
Answer:
The correct answer is Excess Capacity.
Explanation:
A monopolistically competitive firm is one that produces and or offers products or services in a market with similar, but not exact or perfect substitutes. A real-world example of a monopolistic competitive firm is Burger King. It competes with McDonald. Both companies sell burger and other types of fast food. However, are not perfect substitutes as there are slight differences, especially in shape and in taste, in the foods they offer.
When there is a gap between the quantity produced and the scale of output that a business or firm has been designed for, Excess Capacity is said to exist. In other words, the actual quantity produced is below what is optimal for the economy.
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Presented below are selected transactions at Windsor, Inc. for 2019. Jan. 1 Retired a piece of machinery that was purchased on January 1, 2009. The machine cost $60,600 on that date. It had a useful life of 10 years with no salvage value. June 30 Sold a computer that was purchased on January 1, 2016. The computer cost $40,200. It had a useful life of 5 years with no salvage value. The computer was sold for $13,800. Dec. 31 Discarded a delivery truck that was purchased on January 1, 2015. The truck cost $41,160. It was depreciated based on a 6-year useful life with a $3,000 salvage value. Required:Journalize all entries required on the above dates, including entries to update depreciation, where applicable, on assets disposed of. Windsor, Inc. uses straight-line depreciation. (Assume depreciation is up to date as of December 31, 2018.)
Answer:
All journal entries are given below
Explanation:
A. Retired a piece of machinery
Entry DEBIT CREDIT
Accumulated depreciation $60,600
Machinery $60,600
B. Depreciation for expense for computer sold
Entry DEBIT CREDIT
Depreciation expense $4,020
Accumulated depreciation $4,020
Working
Depreciation = (40,200/5year) x6/12
Depreciation = $4,020
C. Disposal of computer
Entry DEBIT CREDIT
Cash $13,800
Accumulated depreciation(w) $28,140
Gain on disposal $1,740
Computer $40,200
Workings;-
Accumulated depreciation = depreciation expense per year x number of years
Accumulated depreciation = $8040 x 3.5years = $28,140
D. depreciation of delivery truck
Entry DEBIT CREDIT
Depreciation expense $6,360
Accumulated depreciation $6,360
E. Dicarded delivery truck
Entry DEBIT CREDIT
Accumulated depreciation(w) $31,180
Loss on discarded truck $9,360
Delivery truck $41,160
Workings;-
Accumulated depreciation = depreciation expense per year x number of years
Accumulated depreciation = $6,360 x 5
Accumulated depreciation = $31,180
A company's normal operating activity is to produce 500 units per month. During its first two months of operaetion, it produced 100 units per month. Following a great article about the product, product spiked to 1,000 units per month, but the spike only lasted for one month. Which of the following best approximates the company's relevant range?
a. 450-510 units.
b. 100-1,000 units.
c. 500-1,000 units.
d. 100, 500, or 1,000 units.
Answer:
a. 450-510
Explanation:
450-510 units which best approximates the company's relevant range. The correct option is A.
What is an operating activity?All of a company's continuing marketing efforts for its goods and services are referred to as operating activities. Non-operating activities are one-time occurrences that could have an impact on the company's regular, core business but also on sales, costs, or cash flow.
Given,
Normal Producing Units = 500 units per month
Last month produced = 1000 units
Production for first 2 months = 100 units per month
Calculate the range of company produce units =?
Total units produce = 2 x 100 + 9 x 500 + 1 x 1000/12
Total units produce = 5700/12 = 475 units
The relevant range for the company producing the units is 450-510 units because 475 units is lies between in such range.
Thus, the ideal selection is option A.
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how will a new front desk manager address a problem of lateness in a hotel.
Answer:
They will have a system like a lot book where they would take in the visitors details and then Mark in or out and time of arrival and leaving
Hope this helps :)
Explanation:
A company's strategy evolves over time as a consequence of : Select one: a. The need to keep strategy in step with changing market conditions and changing customer needs and expectations b. The proactive efforts of company managers to fine-tune and improve one or more pieces of the strategy c. The need to respond to the newly-initiated actions and competitive moves of rival firms d. All of the above
Answer:
The correct answer is the option D: All of the above.
Explanation:
To begin with, a company's primary strategy that focus on completing the main goal of the company of increasing the sales and with that the profits is considered to be the most important element that the business has in order to keep existing and therefore that as the time passes and the context around the organization changes, that strategy evolves. And there are a lot of reasones why that could happen, including the market conditions that vary over the pass of years as well as the need to react to the competitors decisions in order to keep fighting for the market. And other consequence that may help the change of the strategy is the effort itself of managers to make the strategy better as ideas turn to came out.
2. Skip and Peggy are brother and sister and they fight about everything. Skip says that perfectly competitive firms maximize profit where marginal revenue equals marginal cost. Peggy says perfectly competitive firms maximize profit where price equals marginal cost. Settle this sibling rivalry once and for all.
Answer: They are both right.
Explanation:
Firms in every market will always maximise profit where their Marginal Revenue equals Marginal Cost because at this point, resources are being fully utilized. This is therefore no different in a Perfectly competitive market so Skip is correct.
Peggy is also correct however because in a Perfectly Competitive market, the demand curve is perfectly elastic. This creates a situation where the Price, Marginal Revenue and Average Revenue are all the same and represent the demand curve as well.
With the Price being the same as the Marginal Revenue in a Perfectly competitive firm, that means that where the Price equals Marginal Cost is where the Marginal Revenue equals Marginal Cost as well so indeed perfectly competitive firms maximize profit where price equals marginal cost.
Waterway Industries's direct materials budget shows total cost of direct materials purchases for January $200000, February $220000 and March $290000. Cash payments are 60% in the month of purchase and 40% in the following month. The budgeted cash payments for March are
Answer:
Total cash disbursement= $262,000
Explanation:
Giving the following information:
Purchases:
January= $200,000
February= $220,000
March= $290,000
Cash payments are 60% in the month of purchase and 40% in the following month.
Cash disbursement March.
Purchase on cash March= 290,000*0.6= 174,000
Purchase on account from February= 220,000*0.4= 88,000
Total cash disbursement= $262,000
Balance sheet. Use the data from the following financial statements in the popup window. Complete the balance sheet. Hint: Find the accumulated depreciation for 2014 first. The accumulated depreciation for 2014 is:
Data Table
Partial Income Statement Year Ending 2014
Sales revenue $350,100
Cost of goods sold $142,000
Fixed costs $43,100
Selling, general, and
administrative expenses $28,200
Depreciation $46,000
Partial Balance Sheet 12/31/2013
ASSETS LIABILITIES
Cash $16,100 Notes payable $14,100
Accounts receivable $28,000 Accounts payable $18,800
Inventories $47,800 Long-term debt $190,100
Fixed assets $368,000 OWNERS' EQUITY
Accumulated
depreciation (-) $140,400 Retained earnings
Intangible assets $81,900 Common stock $131,800
Partial Balance Sheet 12/31/2014
ASSETS LIABILITIES
Cash $26,000 Notes payable $11,800
Accounts receivable $19,100 Accounts payable $23,900
Inventories $53,100 Long-term debt $162,100
Fixed assets $448,100 OWNERS' EQUITY
Accumulated depreciation (-) Retained earnings
Intangible assets $81,900 Common stock $182,000
Answer:
57
Explanation:
im rich
The comparative balance sheet of Nathan Company appears below: NATHAN COMPANY Comparative Balance Sheet December 31, Assets 2017 2016 Current assets $420 $333 Plant assets 780 567 Total assets $1,200 $900 Liabilities and stockholders' equity Current liabilities $168 $144 Long-term debt 300 162 Common stock 432 306 Retained earnings 300 288 Total liabilities and stockholders' equity $1,200 $900 Using horizontal analysis, show the percentage change for each balance sheet item using 2016 as a base year. NATHAN COMPANY Comparative Balance Sheet December 31, Assets 2017 2016 Percentage change Current assets $420 $333 % Plant assets 780 567 % Total assets $1,200 $900 % Liabilities and stockholders' equity Current liabilities $168 $144 % Long-term debt 300 162 % Common stock 432 306 % Retained earnings 300 288 % Total liabilities and stockholders' equity $1,200 $900 % Using vertical analysis, prepare a common size comparative balance sheet. (Round percentages to 0 decimal places, e.g. 12.) NATHAN COMPANY Comparative Balance Sheet December 31 2017 2016 Assets Amount Percentage Amount Percentage Current assets $420 % $333 % Plant assets 780 % 567 % Total assets $1,200 % $900 % Liabilities and stockholders' equity Current liabilities $168 % $144 % Long-term debt 300 % 162 % Common stock 432 % 306 % Retained earnings 300 % 288 % Total liabilities and stockholders' equity $1,200 % $900 %
Answer:
NATHAN COMPANY
Comparative Balance Sheet
For the years 2017 and 2016
2017 2018 Change Change
value in %
Assets:
Current assets $420 $333 $87 26.13%
Plant assets $780 $567 $213 37.57%
Total assets $1,200 $900 $300 33.33%
Liabilities and stockholders' equity
Current liabilities $168 $144 $24 16.67%
Long-term debt $300 $162 $138 85.19%
Common stock $432 $306 $126 41.18%
Retained earnings $300 $288 $12 4.17%
Total liabilities and equity $1,200 $900 $300 33.33%
A customer buys 100 shares of ABC at $17 as the initial transaction in a new margin account. The customer must deposit:______
Answer:
$1,700
Explanation:
Although the minimum equity to open a long margin account is $2,000. However, this does not apply if the securities in the account are paid fully.
It will amount to potential loss if a customer is asked to deposit more than 100% when buying. Since the customer wants to buy 1,700 of stock, it means that 100% or $1,700 (100 shares × $17) must be deposited.
You must decide between $25,000 in cash today or $30,000 in cash to be received two years from now. If you can earn 8 percent interest on your investments, which is the better deal?
Answer:
The deal to receive $30000 is better.
Explanation:
To find the better deal we need to calculate the present value of $30000 and then compare it with the amount $25000. If the amount is greater than the $25000, then the amount should be received after the 2 years.
The given time period (n )= 2
Interest rate (r ) = 8%
The amount received after 2 years = $30000
[tex]\text{Present value of money} = \frac{Future \ value}{(1 + r)^n } \\= \frac{30000}{(1+0.08)^2} \\= $25720.16[/tex]
Since the amount is more than $25000 so the deal to receive the money after 2 years will be better.
Zane, a new employee, is eager to get a promotion soon, and he hopes he can quickly rise through the ranks at the company. He decides to ask his supervisor, Mary, for professional development advice. This is an example of which of the following types of communication?
a. Downward
b. None of these are correct.
c. Upward
d. Horizontal
e. Diagonal
Answer:
C
Explanation:
Upward communication is communication from lower hierarchy in the organisation to higher hierarchy in the organisation
Downward communication is communication from higher hierarchy in the organisation to lower hierarchy in the organisation
Horizontal communication is communication within the same organisation hierarchy
Diagonal communication is cross functional communication between employees at different levels of the organisation
A Japan-based company, Sumo Gyms, Inc., issues a 35-year, semi-annual coupon bond, with a ¥300 million par value. The coupon rate is given as 5.90%, and the yield to maturity is 6.70. a. What is the value of the semi-annual coupon on the bond?
Answer:
per*
Explanation:
Turnbull Co. has a target capital structure of 58% debt, 6% preferred stock, and 36% common equity. It has a before-tax cost of debt of 8.2%, and its cost of preferred stock is 9.3%. If Turnbull can raise all of its equity capital from retained earnings, its cost of common equity will be 12.4%. However, if it is necessary to raise new common equity, it will carry a cost of 14.2%. If its current tax rate is 40%, how much higher will Turnbull’s weighted average cost of capital (WACC) be if it has to raise additional common equity capital by issuing new common stock instead of raising the funds through retained earnings? (Note: Round your intermediate calculations to two decimal places.)
Answer:
Turnbull's weighted average cost of capital will be higher by 0.65% if it has to raise additional common equity capital.
Explanation:
By combining the WACC formula and retained earnings cost of capital,we will arrive at;
WACC = Debt W × after tax cost of debt + Preferred stock weight × cost of capital + Equity W × Cost of capital
= 58% × 4.92% + 6% × 9.3% + 36% × 12.4%
= 2.85% + 0.56% + 4.46%
= 7.87%
Also, using the same WACC formula and using common equity cost of capital, , we will arrive at the below;
WACC = Debt W × after tax cost of debt + preferred stock weight × cost of capital + Equity W × cost of capital
= 58% × 4.92% + 6% × 9.3% + 36% × 14.2%
= 2.85% + 0.56% + 5.11%
= 8.52%
Therefore, increase cost using common equity over retained earnings is [ 8.52% - 7.87%]
= 0.65%
N.B we arrived at 4.92% for after tax by;
Pre tax 8.2%
Current tax rate 40%
= Pre tax × ( 1 - cost of debt)
= 8.2% × ( 1 - 40%)
= 8.2% × 0.6%
= 4.92%
GDP can be calculated by summing _____. rev: 04_09_2018 Multiple Choice consumption, investment, government purchases, and net exports consumption, investment, government purchases, and imports consumption, investment, wages, and rents consumption, investment, government purchases, exports, and imports
Answer:
consumption, investment, government purchases, and net exports
Explanation:
Gross domestic product is the total sum of final goods and services produced in an economy within a given period which is usually a year
GDP calculated using the expenditure approach = Consumption spending by households + Investment spending by businesses + Government spending + Net export
Net export = exports – imports
Imports is subtracted from GDP and not added
If the range of feasibility indicates that the original amount of a resource, which was 20, can increase by 5, then the amount of the resource can increase to 25.
a. True
b. False
Answer: True
Explanation:
The range of feasibility is used to measure values that are on the right-hand-side(objective function) that won't alter dual prices.
When the range of feasibility indicates that the original amount of a resource, which was 20, can increase by 5, then the amount of the resource can increase to (20 + 5) = 25
Therefore, the option is true
If an economist wishes to determine whether there is evidence that average family incomes in a community exceeds $25,000:_______
a. either a one-tailed or two-tailed test could be used with equivalent results.
b. a one-tailed test should be utilized.
c. a two-tailed test should be utilized.
d. None of the above.
Answer: one tailed test should be utilized
Explanation:
From the question, we are informed that an economist wishes to determine whether there is evidence that average family incomes in a community exceeds $25,000.
A one tailed test should be utilized because the region of rejection will just have to be based on one side.
The common stock of Eddie's Engines, Inc., sells for $37.13 a share. The stock is expected to pay a dividend of $3.10 per share next year. Eddie's has established a pattern of increasing their dividends by 5.2 percent annually and expects to continue doing so. What is the market rate of return on this stock?
Answer:
13.55%
Explanation:
The common stock of Eddies engines is sold at $37.13 per share
The stock is expected to make a payment of $3.10 per share next year
The growth rate is 5.2%
Therefore, the market rate of return on the stock can be calculated as follows
Market rate of return= Next dividend payment/stock price × growth rate
= $3.10/$37.13 + 5.2%
= 0.0835×100 + 5.2%
= 8.35%+5.2%
= 13.55%
Hence the market rate of return on this stock is 13.55%
When comparing investment opportunities with approximately the same cost and risk level, choose the investment with the:
Answer: highest positive net present value
Explanation:
Net present value is typically used by organizations in order to know the projects that will bring more profit to an organization.
Therefore, when comparing investment opportunities with approximately the same cost and risk level, choose the investment with the highest positive net present value.
Tadpole Learning Systems Inc. was organized on February 28. Projected selling and administrative expenses for each of the first three months of operations are as follows: March $165,800 April 152,500 May 138,800 Depreciation, insurance, and property taxes represent $35,000 of the estimated monthly expenses. The annual insurance premium was paid on February 28, and property taxes for the year will be paid in November. 59% of the remainder of the expenses are expected to be paid in the month in which they are incurred, with the balance to be paid in the following month.Required:Prepare a schedule indicating cash payments for selling and administrative expenses for March, April, and May.
Answer:
Tadpole Learning Systems Inc.
Schedule of Cash Payments for Selling and Administrative Expenses:
March April May
59% paid in the month $77,172 $69,325 $61,242
Balance in the following month $53,628 $48,175
Total $77,172 $122,953 $109,417
Explanation:
a) Data and Calculations:
March April May
Selling and admin. expenses $165,800 $152,500 $138,800
Depreciation, insurance, and
property taxes 35,000 35,000 35,000
Remainder $130,800 $117,500 $103,800
59% paid in the month $77,172 $69,325 $61,242
Balance in the following month $53,628 $48,175
Total $77,172 $122,953 $109,417
The cash flows associated with each expansion site are summarized below. The expansion is planned for 5 years, and the interest rate is 12% per year. Use the B/C method to determine which site, if any, is the most acceptable. The monetary unit is $ million.
Site A B C
Initial cost, $ 55 70 200
M&O Cost, $/year 3 4 6
Benefits, $/year 20 29 55
Disbenefits, $/year 0.5 2 2.1
A. Site A
B. Site C
C. Site B
D. None
Answer:
C. Site B
Explanation:
A benefit-cost (B/C) method is a decision making techi=niques that uses benefit-cost ratio (BCR) to give a summary of overall relationship between the relative benefits and costs and a project being proposed.
To calculated the present values (PV) of Maintenance and Operations (M&O) Cost, Benefits and Disbenefits, we use cumulative discounting factor (CDF) for calculating the present value (PV) of an ordinary annuity as follows:
CDF = [{1 - [1 / (1 + r)]^n} / r] …………………………………. (1)
Where;
r = interest rate = 12%, or 0.12
n = number of years = 5
Substitute the values into equation (1), we have:
CDF = [{1 - [1 / (1 + 0.12)]^5} / 0.12] = 3.60
We can now calculate the B?C of each Site as follows as follows:
a. Calculation of B/C ratio of Site A
Initial cost = $55
PV of M&O Cost = M&O Cost per year * CDF = $3 * 3.60 = $10.80
PV of Benefits = Benefits per year * CDF =$20 * 3.60 = $72.00
PV of Disbenefits = Disbenefits per year * CDF = $0.5 * 3.60 = $1.80
PV of Total Cost = Initial cost + PV of M&O cost + PV of Disbenefits = $55 + $10.80 + $1.80 = $67.60
B/C ratio of Site A = PV of Benefits / PV of tota cost = $72.00 / $67.60 = 1.07
b. Calculation of B/C ratio of Site B
Initial cost = $70
PV of M&O Cost = M&O Cost per year * CDF = $4 * 3.60 = $14.40
PV of Benefits = Benefits per year * CDF =$29 * 3.60 = $104.40
PV of Disbenefits = Disbenefits per year * CDF = $2 * 3.60 = $7.20
PV of Total Cost = Initial cost + PV of M&O cost + PV of Disbenefits = $70 + $14.40 + $7.20 = $91.60
B/C ratio of Site A = PV of Benefits / PV of tota cost = $104.40 / $91.60 = 1.14
b. Calculation of B/C ratio of Site B
Initial cost = $200
PV of M&O Cost = M&O Cost per year * CDF = $6 * 3.60 = $21.60
PV of Benefits = Benefits per year * CDF =$55 * 3.60 = $198.00
PV of Disbenefits = Disbenefits per year * CDF = $2.1 * 3.60 = $7.56
PV of Total Cost = Initial cost + PV of M&O cost + PV of Disbenefits = $200 + $21.60 + $7.56 = $229.16
B/C ratio of Site A = PV of Benefits / PV of tota cost = $198.00 / $229.16 = 0.86
Conclusion
1. Since the B/C ratio of only Site A and Site B are greater than 1, both are acceptable.
2. But since Site B's B/C ratio of 1.14 is greater Site A's B/C ratio of 1.07, Site B is the most acceptable. Therefore, the correct option is C. Site B.
