Why do you think there is/ was an assumption that decentralized political civilizations in Africa were viewed as unimportant by historians?

The wreckage from the 1894 collision between the vessels SS Jay Gould and SS Michigan was found at the bottom of Lake Michigan.

The Great Lakes have a rich history of shipping and trade, but also a tragic history of shipwrecks due to unpredictable weather conditions and treacherous waters. The discovery of the SS Michigan wreckage in 2006 shed light on a little-known event in Great Lakes history and allowed historians and researchers to better understand the circumstances surrounding the collision. The wreckage serves as a reminder of the risks involved in navigating the Great Lakes and the importance of safety measures for ships and their crews.

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Slaves who managed to escape the grasp of their masters—either by fleeing to Union lines or by the advance of federal troops—became free people for good.

What did the Emancipation Proclamation say about freed slaves?

The Emancipation Proclamation was issued by President Abraham Lincoln on January 1, 1863, as the country was approaching its third year of a deadly civil war. Among the rebelling states, the proclamation said "that all individuals kept as slaves are, and henceforth shall be free." The Proclamation also authorized the "acceptance into the United States armed service" of former slaves.

President Lincoln's Preliminary Emancipation Proclamation, which specified that enslaved individuals in those states or portions of states still in rebellion as of January 1, 1863, would be declared free, amended that on September 22, 1862. Enslaved persons living in the bordering states of Missouri, Kentucky, Delaware, and Maryland—states that had not acceded to the Confederacy—were exempt from the Emancipation Proclamation. Lincoln didn't want to encourage the border states into joining the Confederate, so he excused them from the proclamation.

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The interest earned on United States Series EE Savings Bonds is compounded semiannually until maturity, at which point the bond reaches its full face value. Bonds that have not yet reached maturity, on the other hand, earn interest on the principal for 30 years.

Bonds issued on or after May 1, 2005, have a fixed interest rate. To begin with, the rate of interest is set at the time of issuance. It's generally 90% of the six-month average yield on five-year Treasury securities. After that, the interest rate remains constant for the life of the bond. You can redeem the bond after 1 year of issuance. However, the bond must be kept for at least five years in order to get the full face value.

The interest earned on United States Series EE Savings Bonds is compounded semiannually until maturity, at which point the bond reaches its full face value. Bonds that have not yet reached maturity, on the other hand, earn interest on the principal for 30 years. Bonds issued on or after May 1, 2005, have a fixed interest rate. To begin with, the rate of interest is set at the time of issuance. It's generally 90% of the six-month average yield on five-year Treasury securities.

After that, the interest rate remains constant for the life of the bond. You can redeem the bond after 1 year of issuance. However, the bond must be kept for at least five years in order to get the full face value.

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Native American tribes residing east of the Mississippi were forced to relocate as a result of the Indian Removal Act of 1830.

All Indians were members of well-established societies with established political systems, moral standards, and religious convictions. Everyone of them had made adaptations to their unique environments. Land was held communally and used cooperatively; the concept of private land ownership was alien.

The Chickasaw, whose name derives from the Muskhogean word for "to sit," were a sizable, powerful, and warlike tribe who lived in northeastern Mississippi around the heads of the Tombigbee and Tallahatchie rivers.

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A popular type of music radio program in the late 1920s was The barn dance show. and Jazz Music of the 1920s, The upbeat sounds of jazz grew to be a favourite on the radio.

Crystal radios, like the one at left, have been among the first radios to be used and manufactured. These radios used a piece of lead galena crystal and a cat whisker to locate the radio signal. Crystal radios allowed many humans to be part of the radio craze in the Twenties because they were easy to make from home.

Jazz tune became wildly popular in the “Roaring Twenties,” a decade that witnessed unheard of financial increase and prosperity in the United States.

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Aruni Kashyap is the author of the short tale "The Sadness Collector". The impact of loss and sadness on a person's life and the significance of developing coping mechanisms are the story's main themes.

A little girl who is the story's protagonist loses her mother, and as a result, she is overcome with despair. When she encounters a guy who collects melancholy, he teaches her that dealing with sadness involves acknowledging it and letting it out in constructive ways.

The concept that sadness may be shared and that we do not have to experience it alone is also explored in the narrative. Talking to the man about her mother and expressing her sorrow with him gives the girl solace.

Essentially, the author's message is that melancholy is a normal part of life and that it's important to learn appropriate coping mechanisms. The tale also underlines how crucial it is to communicate with people and share our experiences in order to get over loss and sadness.

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The voyage of the St. Louis was one of the most shocking examples of the cynicism of the Nazi regime and their allies.

Cynicism is a form of negative thinking that is based on a belief that people are generally motivated by selfishness and greed. It involves a pessimistic outlook on life in which people are seen as being untrustworthy and seeing the worst in any situation.

On May 13, 1939, the German ocean liner, the St. Louis, set sail from Hamburg, Germany, carrying over 900 Jewish refugees fleeing Nazi persecution. The ship's intended destination was Cuba, where the passengers had been granted visas. However, the Cuban government refused to accept the refugees and the St. Louis was forced to return to Europe.

The voyage of the St. Louis exposed the shocking cynicism of the Nazi regime and their allies. The Nazis had issued the visas to the Jewish refugees in the hope that they would be accepted in Cuba, thereby relieving Germany of the burden of caring for them. When the Cuban government refused to accept the refugees, the Nazis refused to allow them to remain in Germany, and instead coerced them into returning to Europe, where they faced almost certain death in Nazi concentration camps.

The voyage of the St. Louis also exposed the shocking cynicism of the United States and other western nations. Despite being aware of the looming Holocaust, the U.S. and other western powers refused to accept the passengers of the St. Louis, citing restrictive immigration policies. As a result, most of the passengers were eventually forced to return to continental Europe, where they were later killed in the Holocaust.

The tragedy of the St. Louis and its ship full of Jewish refugees from Nazi Germany serves as a stark reminder of the dangers of indifference in the face of evil. The refusal of the Cuban government and the U.S. to accept the refugees demonstrated a catastrophic lack of moral courage and conviction, which ultimately resulted in the death of hundreds of innocent people.

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According to estimates, the Great Influenza Epidemic of 1918–20 killed 40 million people, or 2.1 percent of the world's population. A similar pandemic would kill 150 million people worldwide if it struck now.

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Belarus opposition leader Alexei Navalny was poisoned with a nerve agent in August 2020. President Lukashenko has not been directly accused, and international agencies are investigating the incident to determine responsibility.

In August 2020, the opposition leader of Belarus, Alexei Navalny, was poisoned with a nerve agent. Navalny is known for his criticisms of President Lukashenko, the leader of Belarus. However, it is important to note that President Lukashenko has not been directly accused of the poisoning. The incident is still under investigation by various international agencies, and the details surrounding the attack are not yet fully understood. It is a highly controversial incident, and many are calling for a transparent and thorough investigation to determine those responsible for the attack.

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The new taxes imposed in 1764 were primarily intended to help pay off Britain's war debts and to support the cost of maintaining and defending the American colonies.

At the time, the American Colonies were considered an important part of Britain's global empire, both economically and strategically.

The colonies provided a valuable market for British goods and raw materials, and their ports were critical to British trade and naval power.

Also, the colonies were situated in a region of intense international competition, with rival European powers seeking to gain a foothold in North America. Defending the colonies from potential invasion or attack was therefore seen as vital to protecting Britain's economic interests and maintaining its global power and prestige.

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The Mississippi Black Codes placed restrictions on the civil rights of African Americans in various ways. Some of these ways are mentioned below

1. Forbidding African Americans from serving on a jury: Under the Mississippi Black Codes, African Americans were not allowed to serve on juries. This meant that they were unable to contribute to the criminal justice system in any way.

2. Banning interracial marriage: African Americans were not permitted to marry white people under the Mississippi Black Codes. This was done to maintain racial segregation and uphold the idea of white supremacy.

3. Restricting their mobility: The Mississippi Black Codes put in place travel restrictions on African Americans. They were not permitted to travel without permission, and they had to carry a certificate of employment with them at all times.

4. Limiting job opportunities: African Americans were barred from several professions under the Mississippi Black Codes. For instance, they were not allowed to work as a lawyer, doctor, or any other profession that required formal education or licensing.

5. Limiting their right to own property: The Mississippi Black Codes placed restrictions on the ability of African Americans to own property. They were not allowed to purchase land in certain areas, which prevented them from becoming landowners and building wealth.

6. Imposing strict penalties for minor offenses: African Americans who were accused of minor offenses faced harsh penalties under the Mississippi Black Codes. They were often fined exorbitant sums of money, which they were unable to pay, and were then forced to work off the debt through labor or imprisonment.

7. Requiring African Americans to sign labor contracts: The Mississippi Black Codes required African Americans to sign labor contracts with white employers. These contracts often contained unfair and exploitative conditions, which further restricted their rights and freedoms.

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Answer:

The Children's Crusade of 1212 is important for several reasons. Firstly, it reflects the religious fervor and piety of the medieval period, as many participants believed in the power of miracles and divine intervention. Secondly, the participation of children highlights the difficult living conditions that many children faced in medieval Europe and their vulnerability in society. Thirdly, the event has continued to capture the imagination of people over the centuries, with many considering it a poignant symbol of youthful idealism and innocence. Finally, the Children's Crusade serves as a reminder of the dangers of religious fanaticism and the need for critical thinking and rationality in the face of extreme beliefs. Overall, the Children's Crusade remains a significant event in medieval history that sheds light on the social, religious, and cultural context of the time.

Explanation:

By voting, citizens are taking part in the democratic process. Citizens vote for leaders to characterize them and their ideas, and the leaders assist the citizens' interests. There are two exceptional rights only for U.S. citizens: voting in federal elections and jogging for federal office.

Solution: In a democracy ordinary elections are held and all adults have a right to vote. The residents elect a few humans to symbolize them in the Parliament

debating issues. working in the community in help of a precise purpose or in protest in opposition to authorities action. forming or joining political parties or different neighborhood or grass-roots organisations. attending political or community meetings.

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Answer:

The entry of the United States was a turning point in the war because it allowed Germany to be defeated. It had been predicted in 1916 that if the United States joined to war, the Allies' military effort against Germany would be supported by US supplies and massive credit extensions.

Surgery

Around the year 1,000, the celebrated doctor Al Zahrawi published a 1,500 page illustrated encyclopedia of surgery that was used in Europe as a medical reference for the next 500 years. Among his many inventions, Zahrawi discovered the use of dissolving cat gut to stitch wounds -- beforehand a second surgery had to be performed to remove sutures. He also reportedly performed the first caesarean operation and created the first pair of forceps.

Answer:

Carter godwin woodson

Explanation:

Carter Godwin Woodson (December 19, 1875 – April 3, 1950) was an American historian, author, journalist, and the founder of the Association for the Study of African American Life and History (ASALH). He was one of the first scholars to study the history of the African diaspora, including African-American history.

The North American movement for independence from Great Britain in the 1770s and 1780s and the Latin American rebellions for independence from Spain in the 1810s and 1820s are comparable, as this statement accurately explains.

The North American development alludes to the development for autonomy from Incredible England by the 13 English settlements that would ultimately turn into the US of America. The movement began in the middle of the 1760s as a reaction to a series of British policies that were viewed as posing a threat to colonial liberties and self-government. By 1775, it had developed into a full-scale rebellion. After a long and bloody war, the North American colonies eventually gained independence from Great Britain in 1783.

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President Herbert Hoover believed that the Great Depression could be ended by doing all of the following except lending federal funds to feed farm livestock.Keeping faith in the efficiency of the industrial system, directly assisting businesses and banks were some of his initiatives to end the great depression.

What was the Great Depression?The Great Depression was a severe worldwide economic depression that lasted from 1929 to 1939. The depression began in the United States of America after the stock market crashed on October 24, 1929. Following the crash, the stock prices fell significantly, and many people were left with enormous debts that they could not repay.What were the initiatives taken by President Hoover to end the Great Depression?President Hoover tried to end the Great Depression by taking several initiatives. Some of these initiatives are as follows:Keeping faith in the efficiency of the industrial system, i.e., the Hoover administration believed that the economy would naturally right itself after a period of correction.Directly assisting businesses and banks- Hoover signed the Hawley-Smoot Tariff in June 1930 to protect American manufacturers and farmers from foreign competition. He also supported a series of measures that would provide relief to the banking industry.Lending federal funds- President Hoover authorized the Reconstruction Finance Corporation (RFC) to give financial assistance to state and local governments, as well as to banks and other businesses.The only initiative that President Herbert Hoover didn't believe would help end the Great Depression was lending federal funds to feed farm livestock.

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Answer:

The ethnic group that left Europe in the years before 1948 to escape persecution and discrimination were Jewish people. This migration, known as the Jewish diaspora, was largely driven by the rise of anti-Semitism in Europe and culminated in the establishment of the state of Israel in 1948. Jewish people faced discrimination and persecution in many European countries, particularly in Eastern Europe where pogroms (violent attacks against Jewish communities) were common. This, combined with the atrocities of the Holocaust during World War II, led many Jewish people to seek a new life in other parts of the world, including the United States, Israel, and other countries.

While attitudes towards killing slaves varied among individual European-American slaveholders, the use of violence and brutality was a pervasive feature of the institution of slavery and some slaveholders believed they had the right to do with their slaves as they pleased, including using violence or killing them.

It is difficult to make a general inference about the willingness of European-American slaveholders to kill a slave, as attitudes and actions varied among individuals and across time and place. However, it is well-documented that many slaveholders used violence and brutality as a means of maintaining control over their enslaved labor force. Some slaveholders viewed their slaves as property rather than people and believed they had the right to do with them as they pleased, including using violence or killing them. Others may have been reluctant to kill slaves due to the economic investment they represented. Ultimately, the use of violence against slaves was a pervasive feature of the institution of slavery in the United States and elsewhere, and slaveholders' willingness to use it depended on a range of individual, cultural, and economic factors.

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One main similarity they both have is that they both originated from india

The Meme of jane Addams is given in the image attached.

Jane Addams (1860-1935) was an American social reformer and women's rights activist who is best known for founding Hull House, one of the first settlement houses in the United States.

Jane Addams, a social activist and the founder of Hull House, is highlighting a common human tendency towards immorality in this quote. The essence of immorality, as she puts it, lies in making an exception of oneself. This means that when we act immorally, we tend to justify our actions by making ourselves an exception to the rule.

For example, if we know that lying is generally wrong, we might still lie to protect ourselves or someone we care about, thinking that our situation is different from others who lie. This is a way of making an exception of ourselves and justifying our immoral actions.

Therefore, Addams' quote suggests that true morality requires us to apply moral principles consistently, regardless of our own personal circumstances. It requires us to resist the temptation to make an exception of ourselves and to hold ourselves to the same standards as everyone else.

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Option (b), The Bretton Woods Conference was convened in an effort by the leaders of the Allies to avert a global slump.

Their objective was to agree on a framework of international cooperation and economic order that would support long-term global progress while helping countries rebuild from the devastation of the war.

The Bretton Woods Conference, also known as the United Nations Monetary and Financial Conference, took place in Bretton Woods, New Hampshire, from July 1 to 22, 1944. Its purpose was to establish financial plans for the postwar era after Germany and Japan were expected to lose the war.

In order to oversee the post-war reconstruction, two financial organizations were established by the Bretton Woods conference. The International Monetary Fund, or IMF, was in charge of overseeing the surpluses and deficits of its member nations' external balances.

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Under the direction of Principal Chief John Ross, the Cherokee Nation resisted the Indian Removal Act despite Georgia's violations of its sovereignty and attacks on Cherokee citizens.

President Andrew Jackson signed the Indian Removal Act into law, giving him the power to trade Native territories inside current state boundaries for uninhabited territory west of the Mississippi. While a few tribes peacefully dispersed, many were against the practice of expulsion.

The act stipulates that "for a barter of lands with the Indians resident in any of the states and territories, and for their removal west of the river Mississippi," the description provided by Congress. In order to receive additional lands, more than 60,000 Native Americans from at least 18 tribes were compelled to relocate west of the Mississippi River.

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Answer:

D. While volunteering at Libby Prison, Van Lew made important

contacts with Union officials.

Explanation:

During the Civil War, Elizabeth Van Lew volunteered at Libby Prison, where Union soldiers were being held captive. Through her work there, she made contacts with Union officials, including General Ulysses S. Grant, whom she provided with information about the conditions of the prison and the treatment of the prisoners. This allowed her to help arrange the escape of many Union soldiers, including returning them to Union lines. Van Lew's contacts and information gathering activities made her a valuable asset to the Union Army, and she was eventually appointed as a spy by General Grant.

Louis relied on a extra aggressive and controlling method, whereas Peter went with a passive aggressive effort.

Louis XIV and Peter the Great dominated their international locations in a similar way the usage of PERSIA categories, but overall there influence of that manage are different.

Image end result for evaluate the diploma of success in the practice of absolutism in Russia under peter the high-quality with the diploma of success it had in France under Louis xiv (an LEQ)​

Absolutism was a gadget of authorities in which all sovereignty resided with the king, actual to Louis XIV's dictum: “I am the state.”

Particularly in France and Germany, the wars of religion had seriously weakened national governments and monarchies.

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The primary purpose of the neutrality acts passed by the United States during the 1930s was to maintain neutrality and avoid involvement in conflicts between foreign nations.

The US had experienced the devastating effects of World War I and wanted to avoid being drawn into another costly war. The neutrality acts prohibited the sale of arms and ammunition to countries at war and banned American ships from transporting goods to belligerent nations. However, the effectiveness of these acts was questioned as they did not prevent the outbreak of World War II and the US eventually became involved in the conflict after the attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941.

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Answer: Pictures to be included in the essay.

Explanation:

Picture 1: A group of hippies at the Woodstock Music and Art Festival in 1969. They are seen wearing loose, flowy clothing, and accessories like beads and headbands. They are sitting together on the grass, enjoying the music and the atmosphere. This picture is significant because it captures the essence of the hippie movement as a celebration of freedom, peace, and love.

Picture 2: A poster featuring a hand-drawn image of a flower with the words "Make Love, Not War" written above it. The poster was created in 1967 and was a popular symbol of the hippie movement's anti-war stance. This picture is significant because it represents the hippies' opposition to the Vietnam War and their desire for peace.

Picture 3: A group of hippies gathered around a VW bus, which they have painted with psychedelic colors and patterns. They are seen lounging on the top of the bus and playing music. This picture is significant because it represents the hippies' love for communal living, creativity, and freedom from societal norms.

Picture 4: A protester at the "Love-In" event in San Francisco in 1967, holding a sign that reads "Question Authority." This picture is significant because it represents the hippies' rejection of mainstream culture and their desire to challenge authority and the status quo.

Picture 5: A picture of the Beatles in their psychedelic phase in the late 1960s. They are seen wearing colorful clothing and surrounded by vividly colored backdrops. This picture is significant because it represents the influence of the hippie movement on popular culture, music, and fashion.

Works cited:

"Woodstock Music and Art Festival, August 1969" by Barry Z Levine, Library of Congress

"Make Love, Not War" poster, created by Lorraine Art Schneider, Smithsonian American Art Museum

"Hippies on the roof of a VW bus" by Bill Ray, Life Magazine

"Protester at 'Love-In'" by Gerald Altman, San Francisco Examiner, Hearst Corporation

"The Beatles, Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band album cover" by Peter Blake, Apple Corps Limited

The hippies warned against trusting anybody over thirty, stressed free love, and supported flower power.

An instructional piece called a pictorial essay seeks to present both verbal and visual representations of a current subject. A short, uncontrolled abstract, an introductory paragraph, several subsections to help organize the content, and a summary are typically included.

A hippie referred to a person, particularly in the latter half of the 1960s and early 1970s, who rebelled opposed to the established structures and values of the culture the fact that emerged after World War II and adopted new ways of life such as commune living, psychedelic drugs, and colorful clothing.

They rejected the dominant cultural ideals of the day by rejecting consumerism, money, and politics. These counterculturalists left a lasting impact and sparked long-term societal changes.

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Answer: She describes the Tenochtitlan (Aztec) conquest of Tlacotepec as “forays for flowers [and] butterflies"

Answer: Macuilxochitl, also known as Xochipilli, was an Aztec deity who was associated with gambling, dancing, music, and hemorrhoids.

She characterizes the conquering of Tlacotepec by Tenochtitlan (Aztec) as "forays for flowers [and] butterflies."

Explanation:

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