Answer:
it is because of the pull of Earth's gravity, the Earth orbits the Sun because of the pull of the Sun's gravity.
animal hair and human hair have several differences including: a the pattern of pigmentation b the medullary index c the cuticle type d all of these choices.
Option D is correct, A thread-like growth called hair can be observed in the dermis. Keratin, a protein, is the main component. It develops more like an anchor from the follicles that carry hair into the skin.
The only animals that have hairs are mammals. Humans and certain other creatures are classified as mammals. Although there are certain distinctions between human and animal hair, there are some commonalities. The purpose of this article is to inform you about the peculiar differences and parallels between human and animal hair.
Except for flat areas like the palms of the hands, the soles of the feet, the lips, and the genitalia, every part of the human body and some animal bodies have hair growing on it. Compared to humans, animals seem to have more hair on their bodies. The fur is made up of the many hairs that cover their bodies.
Animal hair and human hair have several differences including:
A. the pattern of pigmentation
B. the medullary index
C. the cuticle type
D. all of these choices.
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hyaline cartilage extracellular matrix of hyaline cartilage identify the structure indicated by the arrows
Collagen type II is the dominant fiber type of matrix in hyaline cartilage extracellular matrix of hyaline cartilage as indicated by the arrows.
The extracellular matrix contains chemicals that enable the cartilage to draw and retain water, making it a great shock absorber as well. (This crucial function pertains to bones that come into contact with one another at joints.) Type II collagen, proteoglycans, glycoproteins, and extracellular fluid make up the matrix of hyaline cartilage. Up to 40% of the dry weight of the semitranslucent blue-gray hyaline cartilage matrix is made up of collagen.
The most common type of cartilage in the body is hyaline cartilage. Although collagen type II is the predominant fiber type in the matrix, it cannot be seen with a light microscope.
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the movement of a drug through the tissues and cells of the body, including the processes of absorption, distribution, and localization in tissues; biotransformation, and excretion by mechanical or chemical means is called
Pharmacokinetics is the study of how drugs are absorption, distributed, transformed biologically, and excreted by the body.
Pharmacodynamics is the study of a drug's biochemical and physiological effects and how it works. The transport of a medication into the bloodstream is known as absorption. There are many variables that affect how quickly and how much a medicine is absorbed, including: administration route a drug's chemical makeup and formulation. Drug metabolism is the term used to explain how pharmaceutical drugs are biotransformed in the body to facilitate easier elimination. Subcellular delivery refers to the process of delivering a drug's active form to the cell's target region of action.
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Limestone forms as ocean water evaporates and leaves calcium carbonate behind, which is then deposited on the ocean floor. what type of rock can be formed in this way?
Limestone is an example of sedimentary rock. It forms when ocean water evaporates and leaves calcium carbonate behind.
One of the most prevalent categories of chemical rocks is limestone. When calcium and bicarbonate ions erode from the remains of shells, coral, crustaceans, and mollusks in the water, they form limestone. These structures are gradually broken down by wave action into calcite and other calcium carbonate-based minerals, which build up in the ocean's water. These solutes can precipitate to form sediments rich in calcium carbonate as they are transported from the deep ocean environment to shallow areas like lagoons and tidal pools. For instance, calcium carbonate can precipitate in lagoons to form ooids, which are spherical nodules that cling together to form oolitic limestone, or limestone that has the shape of an egg.
Hence, limestone is forms link between living and non living.
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Earth Science
Many massive stars end their life cycles as black holes. Why do astronomers not believe the sun will end its life cycle as a black hole?
1. It is not massive enough.
2. It is much too hot.
3. It is much too hot.
4. It is not a binary star.
Which accurately describes coral reefs? Select the three correct answers.(2 points)
1. Coral reefs often are located in nutrient-poor waters.
2. Coral reef ecosystems have low biodiversity.
3. Coral reef ecosystems are among the most biodiverse on Earth.
4. Coral reefs are sturdy structures that can exist for thousands of years.
5. Coral reefs are delicate structures that usually exist for less than 10 years.
6. Coral reefs often are located in nutrient-rich waters.
Answer: 1,4,5
Explanation:
Stars have a certain life period after that they will lost their heat and light and will end as a black hole. Some astronomers believe that, sun does not changes to a black hole because, sun is not so huge in comparison with other massive stars.
What is supernova?Supernova is a state of stars at which they loss heat and light energy and turns into a black hole or white dwarf. Thus, in fact a dead star is called a supernova.
Every stars including sun has a life period upto which they can be bright and hot. But some astronomers believe that sun cannot having a super nova state because sun is not that much hot and massive like other stars.
Coral reefs are ecosystems have low biodiversity. They are sturdy structures that can exist for thousands of years. Coral reefs often are located in nutrient-rich waters.
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simple diffusion (sd), facilitated diffusion (fd) and active transport (at) across a membrane. which process requires a concentration gradient of the transported molecule
Option D, active transport (AT) processes can establish a concentration gradient across a membrane.
Active transport involves the movement of chemicals from a low-concentration location to a high-concentration area in opposition to the concentration gradient. Being "active" means that this process uses energy (usually in the form of ATP). Active transport is the type of transport that can move sodium across the plasma membrane in a concentration gradient. Protein pumps move molecules during active transport in opposition to concentration gradients from low to high concentrations. Metal ions are among the substances that are moved by main active transport through the cell membrane.
The complete question is :
consider simple diffusion (SD), facilitated diffusion (FD), and active transport (AT) across a membrane. Which processes can establish a concentration gradient?
a. FD only
b. SD only
c. FD and AT
d. AT only
e. SD and FD
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How many water molecules would be needed to break apart a carbohydrate made of 27 glucose monomers? Explain
Carbohydrates are made up of monosaccharides, which are simple sugars such as glucose. When two or more monosaccharides are joined together, they form a disaccharide or a polysaccharide. Polysaccharides are long chains of monosaccharides that are joined together by glycosidic bonds.
In order to break apart a carbohydrate made of 27 glucose monomers, you would need to hydrolyze the glycosidic bonds that hold the monomers together. Hydrolysis is the process of breaking a chemical bond by adding water molecules. For each glycosidic bond that you want to break, you would need to add one water molecule.
Since a carbohydrate made of 27 glucose monomers would have 26 glycosidic bonds (one less than the number of monomers), you would need to add 26 water molecules to break it apart. This is because each water molecule would be used to hydrolyze one of the 26 glycosidic bonds in the carbohydrate.
It's worth noting that the number of water molecules needed to break apart a carbohydrate would depend on the length of the carbohydrate and the type of glycosidic bonds it contains. For example, a carbohydrate with more monomers or with different types of glycosidic bonds might require more water molecules to be hydrolyzed.
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what are 3 ways that we can reduce the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere?
The 3 ways to reduce carbandioxide in the atmosphere are :
Coastal Blue Carbon.Planting Trees.Forest Management.Agricultural Practices.Why is atmospheric carbon dioxide required?Carbon dioxide is a crucial greenhouse gas that helps keep heat in our atmosphere. Without it, our planet would be too cold to support life. But other aspects of Earth's climate are being impacted by an increase in average global temperatures spurred on by growing CO2 levels in our atmosphere.
Carbon dioxide is the source of carbon, the fundamental component of all life. Just as plants require carbon dioxide to thrive, animals eat plants to obtain the carbon they require to survive.
When incoming solar radiation is reflected back to space near the earth's surface, the atmosphere's carbon dioxide absorbs and stores the energy. The earth's surface would be cooler than it is now if there were no carbon dioxide because there would be no solar energy absorption.
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The sternocleidomastoid muscle attaches to the sternum, ____, and the mastoid process.
According to the research, the correct answer is clavicle. The sternocleidomastoid muscle attaches to the sternum, clavicle, and the mastoid process.
What is sternocleidomastoid muscle?It is a thick and easy to palpate muscle that is located in the anterior and lateral part of the neck.
In this sense, it extends from its origin in the clavicle and sternum, until it inserts in the temporal bone, specifically in the mastoid process.
Therefore, we can conclude that according to the research, the sternocleidomastoid muscle begins at the clavicle and sternum, and extends to the skull.
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elect the correct answer from each drop-down menu.
How might this factory affect the carbon and water cycle?
A photo shows smoke coming out from industrial chimneys against the backdrop of a clear morning sky.
The factory can affect the carbon cycle by releasing carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. Because carbon dioxide is a
, it can trap the Sun’s heat in the atmosphere. Because the factory is made of concrete, it may deplete groundwater levels over time by not allowing water to
.
The way that the factory affect the carbon and water cycle is that
The factory can affect the carbon cycle by releasing carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. Because carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas , it can trap the Sun’s heat in the atmosphere. Because the factory is made of concrete, it may deplete groundwater levels over time by not allowing water to infiltrate.What is a greenhouse gas simple definition?The gases that trap heat in the earth's atmosphere are referred to as greenhouse gases (GHGs). The earth's surface warms during the day when the light beams through the atmosphere. The earth's surface cools at night, redistributing heat into the atmosphere. However, part of the heat is captured by the atmosphere's greenhouse gases.
Wherever carbon is delivered dissolved or suspended in flowing water, the two cycles directly interact. An essential component of carbon cycling, which is closely related to water flux, is the transport of organic matter and weathering products from the continents to the oceans.
Therefore, due to the fact that greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide, oxygen, and nitrogen keep the planet's temperature stable, they contribute significantly to global warming.
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A wave has a frequency of 34 Hz and a wavelength of 0.14. What is the wave's speed?
The speed of the wave of frequency 34 Hz is 4.76 m/s.
What is speed?Speed is measured as the ratio of distance to the time in which the distance was covered.
To calculate the speed of the wave, we use the formula below.
Formula:
S = λf.............. Equation 1Where:
S = Speed of the waveλ = Wave length of the wavef = FrequencyFrom the question,
Given:
f = 34 Hzλ = 0.14 mSubstitute these values into equation 1
v = 34×0.14v = 4.76 m/sHence, the speed of the wave is 4.76 m/s.
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ifi DNA Unit Test BIOLOGY IA / DNA Epistasis is observed when the allele of one gene masks the effects of another gene. Use the Punnett square to answer the question. AB Ab ab Vocabulary.com aB ab AB AABB AABb AaBB AaBb black black black black Ab AABb AAbb AaBb Aabb black brown black brown aB AaBB AaBb aaBB aaBb black black yellow yellow Spolity Web Player O Shapchat AaBb Aabb aaBb aabb black brown yellow ? What color would a dog's fur be if its genes are aabb? 31 Il O a
Recessive epistasis occurs when the recessive allele of one gene is epistatic over the other gene. The resulting phenotypic ratio is 9:3:4. In the exposed example, the phenotype of the aabb dog is yellow. Option A.
What is epistasis?Epistasis means interruption and refers to interactions between genes located in different loci in the same chromosome.
An epistatic gene can alter, influence, or suppress the expression of a hypostatic gene.
Epistasis might be either dominant or recessive,
When the epistatic gene is dominant, the interaction is known as dominant epistasis.The phenotypic ratio resulting from dominant epistasis is 12:3:1.
When the epistatic gene is recessive, the interaction is known as recessive epistasis.The phenotypic ratio is 9:3:4.
The exposed situation is an example of recessive epistasis, in which two diallelic genes affect the dog's fur color,
B is a dominant allele that codes for black color.b is a recessive allele that codes for brown color.A is the dominant allele that allows the expression of pigment.a is the recessive allele that that inhibits pigment expression. In this case, fur is yellow.The presence of at least one A allele is enough to express black (BB or Bb) or brown (bb) color. The absence of the A allele inhibits pigment expression.
The possible genotypes and phenotypes are,
AABB, AaBB, AaBb, AABb ⇒ Black AAbb, Aabb ⇒ BrownaaBB, aaBb, aabb ⇒ YellowAs we can see in the Punnett square, the phenotypic ratios are 9:3:4
9/16 black dogs3/16 brown dogs4/16 yellow dogs.So the genotype aabb expresses yellow color. The genotype aa inhibits color expression, so the dog's fur is yellow. Option A is correct.
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Complete question:
Epistasis is observed when the allele of one gene masks the effects of another gene.
Use the Punnett square to answer the question.
What color would a dog's fur be if its genes are aabb?
A. yellow
B. brown
C. black
D. white
Punnett square
AB Ab aB ab
AB AABB (black) AABb (black) AaBB (black) AaBb (black)
Ab AABb (black) AAbb (brown) AaBb (black) Aabb (brown)
aB AaBB (black) AaBb (black) aaBB (yellow) aaBb (yellow)
ab AaBb (black) Aabb (brown) aaBb (yellow) aabb (???)
1. Explain how photosynthesis and cellular respiration has a cyclic relation?
2. what are the reactants of photosynthesis and the products of cellular respiration?
The biosphere cycle of carbon through a processes known as the carbon cycle. While photosynthesis draws carbon dioxide out of the atmosphere and cellular respiration releases carbon dioxide into the environment.
What does the photosynthesis cycle involve?Cyclic photophosphorylation is the name given to the photophosphorylation procedure that causes the electrons to travel cyclically in order to synthesize ATP molecules. In this procedure, plant cells only convert ADP to ATP for instantaneous cellular energy.
What substances react during cellular respiration?In the process of cellular respiration, oxygen and glucose are primary reactants. Carbon dioxide and water are waste remain of cellular respiration, with ATP serving as its primary product.
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a physical injury to the body's tissues can result from the repeated action of relatively small forces acting on tissue, and this is called: question 19 options: a) a chronic injury. b) a mechanistic injury. c) an acute injury. d) a microinjury.
A physical injury to the body's tissues can result from the repeated action of relatively small forces acting on tissue, and this is called a chronic injury.
Human frame tissue is some manner of describing how our cells are grouped in a fantastically organized manner consistent with particular structure and function. These groupings of cells form tissues, which then make up organs and numerous components of the body. As an instance, it’s easy to look at and feel the muscle in the body. Muscle is one of the four types of human frame tissue.
A chronic injury is the end result of prolonged, repetitive movement, especially while doing activities that include swimming, strolling, and biking. As such, persistent accidents are often referred to as overuse injuries.
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Why do the cells in all living things need energy?
Responses
Answer:
All living cells need energy to carry out their basic functions, such as growth, reproduction, and maintenance. This energy is necessary for cells to maintain their structural integrity, to synthesize new molecules, and to perform the many other processes that are essential for life. Without a constant supply of energy, cells would not be able to carry out these functions and would quickly die.
what class does this animal belong to? group of answer choices cephalapoda polyplacophora gastropoda bivalvia
Option C. Gastropoda, Gastropoda fall under the taxonomic category of invertebrates and are a part of the kingdom Animalia.
The term "invertebrate" refers to a class of organisms, particularly the vertebral column, also known as the spinal cord, that lack a skeletal skeleton. The gastropods are a significant subclass of this phylum that includes numerous species of snails and slugs as examples of common gastropods. One of the rare classes of animals that can thrive in each of the three habitat types—terrestrial area, marine water system, and freshwater ecosystem—is the gastropoda.
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here is a portion of a hypothetical dna sequence: 3' t t c g a a c c g a g 5' suppose this sequence is part of the template strand of a gene. the sequence of the rna transcript produced from this part of the gene would be:
Answer:
sequence of the RNA transcript produced from this part of the gene would be:
5' A A G C U U G G C U C 3'
Explanation:
The RNA transcript is produced by transcribing the DNA sequence into RNA using the enzyme RNA polymerase. During transcription, RNA polymerase reads the DNA sequence and uses it as a template to synthesize the complementary RNA sequence. Because RNA is single-stranded and DNA is double-stranded, the RNA transcript is complementary to the non-template strand of the DNA, not the template strand.
In the given DNA sequence, the non-template strand would be:
3' A A C G T T G G C T G 5'
The RNA transcript is produced by transcribing this non-template strand, so the resulting RNA sequence would be the complementary sequence:
5' A A G C U U G G C U C 3'
This RNA transcript would be the sequence of the RNA produced from the given DNA sequence.
Disadvantage and advantages for using animal fat as an insulation material?
Consuming excessive amounts of the wrong kind of fat can result in weight gain or heart disease, but dietary fats, also known as lipids, are necessary for maintaining the health of your skin and preventing chronic disease.
What are the advantages of using animal fats?
Research demonstrates that ingesting animal fat in a low-carb, high-fat diet promotes cardiovascular health. Since Lipoprotein(a), a low-density form of LDL (bad cholesterol), transports oxidised phospholipids in human blood plasma, it is generally healthier to have lower levels of this protein.
What drawbacks do animal fats have?
However, consuming too much saturated fat can result in artery cholesterol buildup (blood vessels). Bad cholesterol LDL is increased by saturated fats. Your risk of heart disease and stroke rises when your LDL cholesterol level is high. an increase in weight
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micro 12 which of the following antibiotics is recommended for use against gram-negative bacteria? a) polyenes b) bacitracin c) cephalosporin d) penicillin e) polymyxin
Polymyxin antibiotics is recommended for use against gram-negative bacteria. So, correct option is (e)
treatment Gram-negative infections
Gram-negative infections can be successfully treated with the help of fourth-generation cephalosporins like cefepime, extended-spectrum -lactamase inhibitor penicillin like piperacillin/tazobactam and ticarcillin/clavulanate, and most importantly, carbapenems like imipenem/cystatin, meropenem, and ertapenem.
Polymyxins interact with the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of Gram-negative bacteria's outer membrane before being taken up through the "self-promoted uptake" pathway. The calcium and magnesium bridges that stabilize the LPS are replaced when the polycationic peptide ring attaches to the outer membrane.
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which do you think would be able to move more easily, and why? the earthworm, because it uses two sets of muscles to help it move through the watery solution the nematode, because its whiplike motion will easily propel it through the watery solution the earthworm, because it can contract and expand its muscles to burrow down through the watery solution the nematode, because it can move its paddle-like appendages on its segments to help it move through the watery solution
Earthworms exude a slimy fluid to aid in mobility, which makes it simpler for them to travel on a rough surface than it is for them to do so on a smooth one.
The nematode's whip-like action will readily drive it through the watery solution surface the earthworm can contract and extend its muscles to burrow through the watery solution surface the nematode can move its paddle-like appendages on its segments to help earthworm to travel through the watery solution surface since it has two sets of muscles to assist it move through the watery solution. Longitudinal muscles traverse the length of the body, whereas circular muscles loop around each section.
The complete question is:
which do you think earthworm would be able to move more easily, and why?
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a group of organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring is known as a ...
The biological species idea, which is the definition of a species that is most frequently used, states that a species is indeed a group of creatures that has the potential to interbreed or mate with one another in order to generate live, fertile offspring.
A group of microorganisms that may interbreed and produce fertile offspring is referred to as a species. a collection of related creatures that can mate and have fruitful offspring. (Biological science) the ability to conceive naturally or artificially and produce babies. the quality of being fertile and capable of having children. The biological species idea, which is the definition of a species that is most frequently used, states that a species is indeed a group of creatures that has the potential to interbreed or mate with one another in order to generate live, fertile offspring.The number of live births per 1,000 people per year in a given area in relation to its population Without regard to age, one can refer to a parent's children as "minor children," "adult children," "baby children," as well as "teenage children" according to their ages. Male children are referred to as sons, and female children as daughters (see kinship).
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haeologists include sandals from a cave in oregon. the carbon in the sandals is observed to undergo beta decay at a rate of 5.1 disintegrations per minute per gram of carbon. the carbon in living organisms decays at a rate of 15 disintegrations per minute per gram of carbon. calculate the age of the sandals, given that the half-life of carbon-14 is 5730 years.
The age of the sandals, given that the half-life of carbon-14 is 5730 years is 8900 years old.
Half-lifestyles is usually defined as the time wished by a radioactive substance (or one half the atoms) to fall apart or transform into a exceptional substance. The precept changed into first observed in 1907 with the aid of Ernest Rutherford. additionally it is represented through the image Ug or t1/2.
Calculation:-
¹⁴C/¹²C = 1.3 × 10⁻²
decay rate = 15 dpm/gC
half life = 5730
disintegration per min = 5.1 dpm
ln N/N₀ = -kt
A₀/A = kN₀/kN = N₀/N
A₀/A = 15/5.1
t₁/₂ = 0.693/K
K = 0.693/t₁/₂
= 0.693 /5730 yrs
= 1.21 × 10⁻⁴ yrs ⁻¹
t = ln(N₀/N)/K = ln(15/5.1)/1.21 × 10⁻⁴ yrs ⁻¹
t = 8900 years old.
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nitrogen is a nutrient needed by plants for growth. nitrogen is naturally cycled into the soil where it is rapidly absorbed by plants. what would a farmer most likely do to replenish nitrogen that was depleted from the soil?
Plants require the nutrient nitrogen for growth. The natural cycling of nitrogen into the soil allows plants to quickly absorb it. What would a farmer most likely undertake to restore the nitrogen that had been lost from the soil In the United States, corn is frequently utilized to produce ethanol for use in car fuel.
A renewable fuel called ethanol is produced from corn and other plant components. The United States uses ethanol extensively, and more than 98% of gasoline contains some ethanol. E10, which contains 10% ethanol and 90% gasoline, is the most popular ethanol blend.What is the purpose of the ethanol?
Beer, wine, and spirits all contain ethanol when they are diluted. It is a topical ingredient used in pharmaceutical preparations (such as rubbing compounds, lotions, tonics, and colognes), cosmetics, and perfumes to prevent skin infections.
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Is the inner core hallow
The data suggests that solid rock, liquid nickel-iron alloy, and solid nickel-iron make up the majority of the Earth's crust.
What is inside inner core?The planet's atmosphere and the remainder of the surface are under immense pressure from the inner core, which keeps the iron from melting. The iron atoms can't migrate into a liquid form because of the extreme pressure and density.It is thought that an iron-nickel alloy and a few additional elements make up the inner core. 5,700 K, or about the same as the surface temperature of the Sun, is thought to be the surface temperature of the inner core.The geothermal gradient is the furnace in the centre of the planet. The increase in pressure and heat in the interior of the Earth is measured by the geothermal gradient. A kilometre of depth results in a geothermal gradient of around 25 degrees Celsius. The decay of radioactive elements, residual heat from planet formation, and heat produced as the liquid outer core solidifies close to its border with the inner core are the main sources of heat in the core.To learn more about Earth's crust refer :
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the selective toxicity of the sulfa drugs is due to the fact that bacteria . . . choose one:a. synthesize folic acid while mammals use preformed folic acid.b. have cell walls while mammals do not.c. polymerize nucleotides into nucleic acids while mammals do not.d. can take up sulfa drugs
synthesize folic acid and mammals use preformed folic acid. All cells need folic acid to develop, and bacteria produce it from the substrate para-amino-benzoic acid (PABA).
In dietary form, folic acid diffuses or is carried into mammalian cells. Folic acid, however, is unable to pass through bacterial cell walls by diffusion or active transport. Para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA), an antimetabolite, competes with sulfonamides for incorporation into folic acid. The effect of sulfonamides exemplifies the concept of selective toxicity, which takes use of some differences between bacterial and mammalian cells. selectively harmful because to the size difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes' ribosomal subunits. (p 269) These medications stop folic acid from being made.
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Passive transport is the movement of molecules across the cell membrane without requiring an input of cellular energy. identify which of these options are examples of passive transport.
a. do not require cellular energy to allow molecules to pass through the cell membrane.
b. do not require cellular energy because the kinetic energy of the molecules' movement will drive the movement down the concentration gradient.
c. do not require cellular energy because the molecules are small enough to fit through the membrane.
d. All of the above.
e. a and b
f. None of the above.
The movement of molecules across a cell membrane known as passive transport occurs without the use of cellular energy.
Special compounds can pass through plasma membranes to enter and leave the cell, keeping out dangerous substances and allowing in only necessary substances. Selectively permeable, plasma membranes let some compounds pass through while preventing others. If they abandon this selectivity, the cell won't be able to strengthen itself and would perish. The majority of passive membrane transfer methods are direct. Passive transport is a phenomena that happens naturally and does not require the cell to use energy to move. Instead of using cellular energy like active transport, which drives the movement of molecules across cell membranes, passive transport relies on the second law of thermodynamics.
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Biologists are analyzing soil to check for the number of worms and grubs in a wildlife preserve. Let the random variable w represent the number of worms found in 1 square foot of soil, and let the random variable g represent the number of grubs found in 1 square foot of soil. The following tables show the probability distributions developed by the biologists for w and g.
Note that using the discrete distributions, it is found that the mean and standard deviation are given by: μ=5.28 and σ=1.67 (Option C)
What is Discrete Distribution?A discrete distribution has data that can only take on particular values, such as integers. A continuous distribution is one in which data can have any value within a certain range (which may be infinite).
Not that:
The total of all outcomes multiplied by their relative probability yields the mean of a discrete distribution.The variance is calculated by multiplying the total of the differences squared between each event and the mean by their corresponding probabilities.The mean is the total of the means when two variables are joined, whereas the standard deviation is the square root of the sum of the variances.The computation is given as follows:
For Worms:
E[tex]_{w}[/tex] (X) = 0.05(0) + 0.06(1) + 0.18(2) + 0.35 (3) + 0.3(4) 0.05 (5) + 0.01 (6)
= 2.98
Var[tex]_{w}[/tex] (X) = 0.05 (0-2.98)² + 0.06 (1-2.98)² + 0.18(2-2.98)² + 0.35 (3-2.98)² + 0.3(4-2.98)² + 0.05 (5-2.98)² + 0.01 (6-2.98)²
= 1.4596
For Grubs:
E[tex]_{g}[/tex] (X) = 0.05(0) + 0.21(1) + 0.27(2) + 0.38(3) + 0.05(4) + 0.03(5) + 0.01 (6)
= 2.3
Var[tex]_{g}[/tex] (X) = 0.05 (0-2.3)² + 0.21(1-2.3)² + 0.27(2-2.3)² + 0.38(3 - 2.3)² + 0.05(4-2.3)² + 0.03(5-2.3)² + 0.01 (6-2.3)²
= 1.33
The sum, therefore, is given as:
E (X) = E[tex]_{w}[/tex] (X) + E[tex]_{g}[/tex] (X)
= 2.98 + 2.3
μ = 5.28
σ = √ (Var[tex]_{w}[/tex] + (Var[tex]_{g}[/tex] (X)
= √ (1.4596 + 1.33)
= √2.7896
= 1.67020956769
σ [tex]\approx[/tex] 1.67
Hence, it is correct to state that in the discrete distributions - mean and standard deviation are given by: μ=5.28 and σ=1.67 (Option C).
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Full Question:
Biologists are analyzing soil to check for the number of worms and grubs in a wildlife preserve. Let the random variable W represent the number of worms found in 1 square foot of soil, and let the random variable G represent the number of grubs found in 1 square foot of soil. The following tables show the probability distributions developed by the biologists for W and G.
W 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Probability 0.05 0.06 0.18 0.35 0.30 0.05 0.01
G 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Probability 0.05 0.21 0.27 0.38 0.05 0.03 0.01
Assume that the distributions of worms and grubs are independent. What are the mean, μ, and standard deviation, σ, for the total number of worms and grubs in 1 square foot of soil?
A) μ=5 and σ=1.67
B) μ=5 and σ=2.36
C) μ=5.28 and σ=1.67
D) μ=5.28 and σ=2.36
E) μ=5.28 and σ=2.79
(b) Many insects use litter on the soil surface as a habitat and for nutrients. Discuss how the
invasion of earthworms is likely to change the forest food web.
The invasion of earthworms is likely to change the forest food web by improving the nutrient level of the soil but decreasing the amount of litter on the soil surface, thus, decreasing the number of insects on the forest floor.
What is a food web?A food web is an interconnection of related food chains showing how organisms that are present in the food chain depend on each other for the provision of food.
The invasion of earthworms is likely to change the forest food web. Earthworms present in soil increase soil fertility by burrowing, feeding on leaf litter, and mixing soil
These activities of earthworms affect the soil properties causing changes in soil layers, vegetation, and soil organisms.
For example, the insects that use litter on the soil surface as a habitat and for nutrients would not have enough litter to make their home.
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A scientist studying a species of algae, Gracilaria domingensis, discovered that its color is controlled by a single gene with two alleles. The individuals with a red or green phenotype are homozygous for the red or green alleles and the individuals with a brown phenotype are heterozygous. The scientist crosses two brown individuals. What percent of the offspring from this cross is predicted to be brown?
When the individuals of Gracilaria domingensis (red algae) with a brown phenotype are crossed, then there would be a 50% chance of having brown offspring from this cross.
What type of algae is Gracilaria domingensis?Gracilaria domingensis belongs to Rhodophyta and it is a macroalgae. It comes under the genus Gracilariales and has more than 300 species. It is of great economic importance. It is also used as food by humans and shellfish. This alga has a cylindrical or blade-shaped thallus with lateral branches. Gracilariales is the third-largest genus in the group of red algae.
Gracilaria species is also a source for the extraction of a complex polysaccharide which is agar. Agar is used widely in laboratories for routine cultivation and in electrophoretic techniques. It is also used in food industries, in the making of jellies, caramel, and frozen food items.
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Besides relative humidity, identify another weather variable of the air in the classroom
that may be determined by using both temperature readings on the hygrometer.
The hygrometer calculates the relative humidity in the air as a percentage.
How are relative humidity levels determined?
In meteorological science, hygrometers are devices that measure the humidity, or the amount of water vapour in the air. To measure humidity, hygrometers of many major types are employed.
What are the two thermometers and how are they different from one another?
An infrared thermometer's digital sensor or a mercury-in-glass thermometer's bulb are two examples of temperature sensors that vary in response to temperature, and a visible scale is an example of a means to translate this change into a numerical number.
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