4-chloroaniline, benzoic acid and 1,4-dibromobenzene. Prepare a flow chart to illustrate the process of separation for each component.

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

The flow chart is found in the attachment

Explanation:

The mixture of 4-chloroaniline, benzoic acid and 1,4-dibromobenzene is separated based on their different solubility properties.

4-nitroaniline is basic and is first extracted using an acid, hydrochloric acid.

Benzoic acid is an acid, hence is extracted using a base, using either sodium hydrogen carbonate or sodium hydroxide.

1,4-dibromobenzene is neutral and is extracted from an organic solvent by evaporation using its property of solubility in an organic solvent.

In the flow chart illustrating the separation process, first the mixture of organic compounds is dissolved in ether, an organic solvent and then placed in a s eparatory funnel.

Then, the basic amine compound,  4-chloroaniline is removed from the organic layer into an aqueous layer by adding an inorganic acid, HCl. The aqueous lower layer is drained into a conical flask. The 4-chloroaniline is then precipitated out of solution by adding concentrated NaOH dropwise.

The organic acidic, benzoic acid is then extracted from the organic layer by adding an inorganic base, sodium hydrogen carbonate. The lower aqueous layer is drained into another flask. Benzoic acid is then precipitated out of solution by adding a concentrated solution of HCL.

The neutral 1,4-dibromobenzene is then obtained by evaporation of the organic solvent

4-chloroaniline, Benzoic Acid And 1,4-dibromobenzene. Prepare A Flow Chart To Illustrate The Process

Related Questions

Two objects are brought into contact Object 1 has mass 0.76 kg, specific heat capacity 0.87) g'c and initial temperature 52.2 'C. Object #2 has mass 70.7 9. specific heat capacity 3.071" "c' and initial temperature 154 *C. What is the final temperature of the two masses after thermal equilibrium has been reached? Assume the two objects are thermally isolated from everything else. Express your answer in C​

Answers

Answer:

[tex]T_F=77.4\°C[/tex]

Explanation:

Hello there!

In this case, according to the given information, it turns out possible to set up the following energy equation for both objects 1 and 2:

[tex]Q_1=-Q_2[/tex]

In terms of mass, specific heat and temperature change is:

[tex]m_1C_1(T_F-T_1)=-m_2C_2(T_F-T_2)[/tex]

Now, solve for the final temperature, as follows:

[tex]T_F=\frac{m_1C_1T_1+m_2C_2T_2}{m_1C_1+m_2C_2}[/tex]

Then, plug in the masses, specific heat and temperatures to obtain:

[tex]T_F=\frac{760g*0.87\frac{J}{g\°C} *52.2\°C+70.7g*3.071\frac{J}{g\°C}*154\°C}{760g*0.87\frac{J}{g\°C} +70.7g*3.071\frac{J}{g\°C}} \\\\T_F=77.4\°C[/tex]

Yet, the values do not seem to have been given correctly in the problem, so it'll be convenient for you to recheck them.

Regards!

Waves are generated when energy passes through causing them to move matter through ____ ?

Answers

Answer:

sending heat waves and vibrations

In this lab, you will be making solutions of potassium permanganate (KMnO4), which has a formula weight of 158.04 g/mole. Remember to show your calculations and include tne Correct unnits in your answers
a) How many grams of KMnO4 would you need to make 1 L of a 2M solution?
b) How many grams of KMnO4 would you need to make 350 mL of a 0.75 M solution?
c) How many grams of KMnO4 would you need to make 80 mL of a 0.01 M solution?

Answers

Answer:

A. Mass of KMnO₄ = 316.08 g

B. Mass of KMnO₄ = 41.49 g

C. Mass of KMnO₄ = 0.13 g.

Explanation:

A. Determination of the mass of KMnO₄

We'll begin by determining the number of mole of KMnO₄ in the solution. This can be obtained as follow:

Volume = 1 L

Molarity = 2 M

Mole of KMnO₄ =?

Mole = Molarity × Volume

Mole of KMnO₄ = 2 × 1

Mole of KMnO₄ = 2 moles

Finally, we shall determine the mass of KMnO₄. This can be obtained as follow:

Mole of KMnO₄ = 2 moles

Molar mass of KMnO₄ = 158.04 g/mole

Mass of KMnO₄ =?

Mass = mole × molar mass

Mass of KMnO₄ = 2 × 158.04

Mass of KMnO₄ = 316.08 g

B. Determination of the mass of KMnO₄

We'll begin by determining the number of mole of KMnO₄ in the solution. This can be obtained as follow:

Volume = 350 mL = 350/1000 = 0.35 L

Molarity = 0.75 M

Mole of KMnO₄ =?

Mole = Molarity × Volume

Mole of KMnO₄ = 0.75 × 0.35

Mole of KMnO₄ = 0.2625 mole

Finally, we shall determine the mass of KMnO₄. This can be obtained as follow:

Mole of KMnO₄ = 0.2625 mole

Molar mass of KMnO₄ = 158.04 g/mole

Mass of KMnO₄ =?

Mass = mole × molar mass

Mass of KMnO₄ = 0.2625 × 158.04

Mass of KMnO₄ = 41.49 g

C. Determination of the mass of KMnO₄

We'll begin by determining the number of mole of KMnO₄ in the solution. This can be obtained as follow:

Volume = 80 mL = 80/1000 = 0.08 L

Molarity = 0.01 M

Mole of KMnO₄ =?

Mole = Molarity × Volume

Mole of KMnO₄ = 0.01 × 0.08

Mole of KMnO₄ = 0.0008 mole

Finally, we shall determine the mass of KMnO₄. This can be obtained as follow:

Mole of KMnO₄ = 0.0008 mole

Molar mass of KMnO₄ = 158.04 g/mole

Mass of KMnO₄ =?

Mass = mole × molar mass

Mass of KMnO₄ = 0.0008 × 158.04

Mass of KMnO₄ = 0.13 g

The average molecular speed in a sample of Ar gas at a certain temperature is 213 m/s. The average molecular speed in a sample of Ne gas is ______ m/s at the same temperature.

Answers

Answer:

300m/s is the average molecular speed of Ne

Explanation:

Based on Graham's law, the ratio of speed of two gases under constant temperature is equal to the square root of the inverse of their molar masses. The equation is:

v1 / v2 = √m2 / √m1

Where v is the speed of the gas and m the molar mass of the gas

Assuming gas 1 is Argon and gas 2 is Neon:

v1 = 213m/s

v2 = ?

m2 = 20.18g/mol

m1 = 39.948g/mol

213m/s / v2 = √20.18g/mol / √39.948g/mol

v2 = 213m/s / 0.71074

v2 = 300m/s is the average molecular speed of Ne

It took 2.30 minutes using a current of 3.00 A to plate out all the copper from 0.300 L of a solution containing Cu2 . What was the original concentration of Cu2

Answers

Answer:

7.16 × 10⁻³ M

Explanation:

Let's consider the reduction reaction of copper during the electroplating.

Cu²⁺(aq) + 2 e⁻ ⇒ Cu(s)

We can calculate the moles of Cu²⁺ present in the solution using the following relations.

1 A = 1 C/s.1 min = 60 s.1 mole of electrons has a charge of 96486 C (Faraday's constant).1 mole of Cu²⁺ is reduced when 2 moles of electrons are gained.

The moles of Cu²⁺ reduced are:

[tex]2.30 min \times \frac{60s}{1min} \times \frac{3.00C}{s} \times \frac{1mole^{-} }{96486C} \times \frac{1molCu^{2+} }{2mole^{-} } = 2.15 \times 10^{-3} molCu^{2+}[/tex]

[tex]2.15 \times 10^{-3} moles[/tex] of Cu²⁺ are in 0.300 L of solution.

[Cu²⁺] = 2.15 × 10⁻³ mol/0.300 L = 7.16 × 10⁻³ M

Which of the following explains the high boiling
point of water?
a Surface tension
b Polarity
C Capillary action
d Hydrogen bonding

Answers

Answer:

The correct answer is - d. hydrogen bonding.

Explanation:

Water has strong hydrogen bonds between its molecules that require a very high amount of energy in order to break. Water molecules are joined together or bound with a strong intermolecular force called hydrogen bonds.

These bonds require more kinetic energy which means more temperature or heat in order to break the bonds and turn into steam and this is the reason it has a high boiling point.

what flora eat? pliz tell me someone​

Answers

Answer:

flora eat food

Explanation:

because that what every living thing eats to grow.

Answer:

sugar??

Explanation:

plants photosynthesise to make their own food (mainly glucose) to be transported around the plant

What volume would 0.853 moles of Nitrogen gas occupy at STP?

Answers

Answer:

19.12 L

Explanation:

At STP(i.e. Standard temperature and pressure).

The volume occupied by one mole of gas = 22.4 L

The pressure = 1 atm

The temperature = 273 K

Thus, since 1 mole of gas = 22.4 L;

Then 0.853 moles of N2 gas will occupy:

= (0.853 moles of N2 gas × 22.4 L)/ 1 mole of N2 gas

= 19.12 L

Calculate the pH of a 0.35 mol/L solution of butanoic acid

Answers

Answer:

2.6

Explanation:

Step 1: Given and required data

Concentration of butanoic acid (Ca): 0.35 MpKa of butanoic acid: 4.82

Step 2: Calculate the acid dissociation constant (Ka) of butanoic acid

We will use the following expression.

pKa = -log Ka

Ka = antilog - pKa

Ka = antilog -4.82 = 1.51 × 10⁻⁵

Step 3: Calculate [H⁺] of the solution

For a weak acid, we can use the following expression.

[H⁺] = √(Ca × Ka)

[H⁺] = √(0.35 × 1.51 × 10⁻⁵) = 2.3 × 10⁻³ M

Step 4: Calculate the pH of the solution

pH = -log [H⁺] = -log 2.3 × 10⁻³ = 2.6

A 3.06 gram sample of an unknown hydrocarbon with empirical formula CH2O was found to contain 0.0170 moles of the substance. What are the molecular mass and molecular formula, respectively, of the compound

Answers

Answer:

180 amu

C₆H₁₂O₆

Explanation:

Step 1: Determine the molecular mass of the compound

The sample has a mass (m) of 3.06 g and it contains (n) 0.0170 moles. The molar mass M is:

M = m/n = 3.06/0.0170 mol = 180 g/mol

Then, the molecular mass is 180 amu.

Step 2: Determine the molar mass of the empirical formula.

M(CH₂O) = 1 × M(C) + 2 × M(H) + 1 × M(O)

M(CH₂O) = 1 × 12 g/mol + 2 × 1 g/mol + 1 × 16 g/mol = 30 g/mol

Step 3: Determine the molecular formula

First, we will determine "n" according to the following expression.

n = molar mass molecular formula / molar mass empirical formula

n = 180 g/mol / 30 g/mol = 6

The molecular formula is:

n × CH₂O = 6 × CH₂O = C₆H₁₂O₆

Which of the following natural hazards occur for a long period of time?
tornado
earthquake
drought
thunderstorm

Answers

Answer:

drought

Explanation:

droughts are long periods without water

13. What does the Law of Conservation of Mass state?

Answers

The law of conservation of mass states that mass can neither be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction.

Which of the following would eat a hamburger with lettuce on it?

Omnivore
Detritivore
Herbivore
Carnivore

Answers

Answer:

Omnivore

Explanation:

i know

Answer:

Omnivore

Explanation:

The answer is Omnivore

(a) Describe the process by which Nitrogen is obtained from air on a large scale​

Answers

Nitrogen is produced commercially almost exclusively from air, most commonly by the fractional distillation of liquid air. In this process, air is first cooled to a temperature below that of the boiling points of its major components, a temperature somewhat less than - 328°F (-200°C).

The element nitrogen exists as a gas  and is  obtained from air on a large scale​ by fractional distillation of air.

What is an element?

An element is defined as a substance which cannot be broken down further into any other substance. Each element is made up of its own type of atom. Due to this reason all elements are different from one another.

Elements can be classified as metals and non-metals. Metals are shiny and conduct electricity and are all solids at room temperature except mercury. Non-metals do not conduct electricity and are mostly gases at room temperature except carbon and sulfur.

The number of protons in the nucleus is the defining property of an element and is related to the atomic number.All atoms with same atomic number are atoms of same element.

Learn more about element,here:

https://brainly.com/question/14347616

#SPJ2

The molecules you use in a chemical reaction are called the:

Answers

In a chemical reaction, the atoms and molecules that interact with each other are called reactants. In a chemical reaction, the atoms and molecules produced by the reaction are called products.

If helpful, please mark me brainliest:)

Disadvantages of modern periodic table?

Answers

Answer:

It has its elements with mass numbers phrased in many decimal places, it requires one to round off to get the actual value.

The atomic numbers of some elements such as Protonium were just guessed.

The most intense line in the emission spectrum for sodium appears at a wavelength of 589 nm. What color would you expect to observe when a solution that contains sodium ions is heated strongly in the flame of a Bunsen burner

Answers

Answer:

The most intense line in the emission spectrum for sodium appears at a wavelength of 589 nm.

What color would you expect to observe when a solution that contains sodium ions is heated strongly in the flame of a Bunsen burner?

Explanation:

Put a clean wire loop in a solid sample of the compound containing sodium ions, then keep it on the blue flame of the Bunsen burner.

The color of sodium ions in the Bunsen burner shows charactrestic yellow color.

The pH for several solutions is given below. After filling in each blank with the correct number, arrange the substances mentioned at the beginning of each sentence in order from most acidic to most alkaline.
a. Black coffee has a pH of 5, therefore its H+ concentration is __________times greater than a solution with a pH of 10
b. Urine has a pH of 6, therefore its H+ concentration is ________times greater than a solution with a pH of 9.
c. Household ammonia has a pH of 11, therefore its H+ concentration is__________ times less than a solution with a pH of 7 .
d.Grapefruit juice has a pH of 3, therefore its H+ concentration is_______ times greater than a solution with a pH of 5 .
2
100
1000000
4
100000
10
3
100,000
1000
5

Answers

how

the

Way

of

it's

the Base

Common decay process definition in your own words

Answers

Answer:

Your welcome! :)

Explanation:

THE PROCESS IS: Radioactive decay involves the emission of a particle and/or energy as one atom changes into another. In most instances, the atom changes its identity to become a new element.

THE DEFINITION IS: Decay, decompose, rot, putrefy, spoil mean to undergo destructive dissolution. decay implies a slow change from a state of soundness or perfection. a decaying mansion decompose stresses a breaking down by chemical change and when applied to organic matter a corruption.

Which is most likely the first step in a basic food chain?

1. The snake obtain energy by eating the mouse

2. Plants make energy-rich food using sunlight

3. The hawk obtains energy by eating the snake

4. The sun emits energy.

Answers

Answer:

4

Explanation:

help!! An atomic number of 4, an atomic mass of 8 and a charge of +1.

Answers

Answer:

berylium

Explanation:

atomic number 4 atomic mass 8 and charge +1

Guys i need a long inforation about....
"Formation of colloids"
Please and thank you ​

Answers

Answer:

Colloids

There are two basic methods of forming a colloid: reduction of larger particles to colloidal size, and condensation of smaller particles (e.g., molecules) into colloidal particles. Some substances (e.g., gelatin or glue) are easily dispersed (in the proper solvent) to form a colloid; this spontaneous dispersion is called peptization. A metal can be dispersed by evaporating it in an electric arc; if the electrodes are immersed in water, colloidal particles of the metal form as the metal vapor cools. A solid (e.g., paint pigment) can be reduced to colloidal particles in a colloid mill, a mechanical device that uses a shearing force to break apart the larger particles. An emulsion is often prepared by homogenization, usually with the addition of an emulsifying agent. The above methods involve breaking down a larger substance into colloidal particles. Condensation of smaller particles to form a colloid usually involves chemical reactions—typically displacement, hydrolysis, or oxidation and reduction.

True or false? An organism may play more than one role in a food web

Answers

Answer:

True

Explanation:

Your welcome! :) Good luck!

How much energy is produced when 13.1 g of tin reacts with 2.715 g of N2 ?
I.
3 Sn + 2 N2-----------Sn3N4 + 632 KJ
Hint change grams to moles first.
1 mole Sn= 119g
1 mole N2= 28 g

Answers

Answer:

23.2 kJ of energy are released by the reaction.

Explanation:

Hello there!

In this case, according to the given information, it turns out firstly necessary for us to calculate the moles of both tin and nitrogen and the produced moles of Sn3N4 product by each reactant as shown below:

[tex]13.1gSn*\frac{1molSn}{119gSn} *\frac{1molSn_3N_4}{3molSn} =0.0367molSn_3N_4\\\\2.715gN_2*\frac{1molN_2}{28gN_2} *\frac{1molSn_3N_4}{2molN_2} =0.0485molSn_3N_4[/tex]

Thus, since 13.1 grams of tin produce the fewest moles of Sn3N4 product, we infer tin is the limiting reactant, and the correct produced energy, due to this reaction is:

[tex]E=632\frac{kJ}{mol\ rxn}*\frac{1mol\ rxn}{1molSn_3N_4}*0.0367mol Sn_3N_4\\\\E=23.2kJ[/tex]

Regards!

what is the [H+] and [OH-] of a 3.5 M HCIO3 solution?

Answers

Answer: H+ ia helyuim

explinanation: Hope this helped!!

I NEED THIS NOW NO LINKS OR ILL REPORT PLZZZ
What is an example of a chemical property?
Odensity

O reactivity

Omalleability

O solubility

Answers

#2 reactivity is the answer

Reaction of 2,3-dimethyl-1-butene with HBr leads to an alkyl bromide, C6H13Br. On treatment of this alkyl bromide with KOH in methanol, elimination of HBr occurs and a hydrocarbon that is isomeric with the starting alkene is formed. What is the structure of this hydrocarbon, and how do you think it is formed from the alkyl bromide

Answers

Answer:

See explanation and image attached

Explanation:

The image attached shows the entire scheme of reactions mentioned in the question.

The first reaction is an addition reaction which yields a tertiary alkyl halide as shown in accordance with Markovnikov rule.

The second reaction is a dehydrohalogenation in which the base abstracts a proton from the alkyl halide followed by loss of a bromide ion to yield the corresponding alkene.

This alkene is an isomer of the starting material.

Arrange the following molecules in order of decreasing polarity of their bonds.

a. PBr3
b. SF2
c. H2O
d. NCl3

Answers

Answer:

SF2 > H2O > PBr3 > NCl3

Explanation:

Compare the electronegativity values for the atoms and classify the nature of the bonding based on the electronegativity difference.

P has an electronegativity of 2.1, while Br has an electronegativity of 2.96. The difference is 0.86, indicating that these atoms will form covalent bonds.

S has an electronegativity of 2.58 while F has an electronegativity of 4.0. The difference is 1.42, indicating that these atoms will form polar covalent bonds.

O has an electronegativity of 3.5 while H has an electronegativity of 2.1. The difference is 1.4, indicating that these atoms will form polar covalent bonds.

N has an electronegativity of 3.04, whereas Cl has an electronegativity of 3.5. This difference of 0.46 indicates that these atoms will form covalent bonds.

We know that the greater the electronegativity, the higher the polarity. In decreasing order of polarity, we have:

SF2 > H2O > PBr3 > NCl3

QUESTION 3 (a) Ammonium sulphate, (NH),50, is a soluble salt and it is used in agriculture as fertiliser. 5 g of ammonium sulphate is dissolved in 1 litre of water to produce ammonium sulphate solution. (Relative atomie mass: H = 1, N = 14,0 = 16, )
Calculate

(1) the number of inoles of dissolved ammonium sulphate

(ii) the number of molecules present in the ammonium sulphate solution.

(iii) the number of positive ions present in the ammonium sulphate solution

(iv) the number of negative ions present in the ammonium sulphate solution

(v) the total number of ions present in the ammonium sulphate solution​

Answers

Answer:

The equation: (NH₄)₂SO₄ = 2NH4(+) + SO4(-2)

The number of moles = 5 g / 132.14 g/mol = 0.038 mol

The number of molecules = 0.038 X 6.022x10^23 = 2.29x10^23

the number of positive ions present in the ammonium sulphate solution:

2 positive ions for every 1 molecule of (NH₄)₂SO₄

so 2 x 2.29x10^23 = 4.58x10^23

the number of negative ions present in the ammonium sulphate solution

1 negative ion for every 1 molecule of (NH₄)₂SO₄

so 1 x 2.29x10^23 = 2.29x10^23

the total number of ions present in the ammonium sulphate solution​

4.58x10^23 + 2.29x10^23 = 6.87x10^23

The student adds 0.0010 mol of NaOH(s) to solution Y, and adds 0.0010 mol of NaOH(s) to solution Z. Assume that the volume of each solution does not change when the NaOH(s) is added. The pH of solution Y changes much more than the pH of solution Z changes. Explain this observation.

Answers

Answer:

The answer is in the explanation.

Explanation:

A buffer is defined as the aqueous mixture of a weak acid and its conjugate base or vice versa. Buffers are able to avoid the pH change of a solution when strong acid or bases are added (As NaOH).

Based on the experiment, it is possible that the solution Z was a buffer and Y another kind of solution. For this reson, pH of the solution Y changes much more than the pH of solution Z changes despite the amount of NaOH added is the same in both solutions.

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