The production of mutations
Answer:
Matution include changes as small as the substitution of a single DNA building block, nucleotide base, with another nucleotide base.... Other matutions result in abnormal protein product.
A patient is being treated with carbonic anhydrase (CA) inhibitor. Which of the ions will be affected and what will be the effects on urine/plasma pH and urine volume?
Answer:
bicarbonate ions; urine alkalinization; carbonic anhydrase inhibitors increase urine volume (diuretics drugs)
Explanation:
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors are diuretic drugs that have been primarily used to treat glaucoma, a condition where the optic nerve is progressively damaged due to an increased pressure in the eye. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors reduce the production of aqueous humor in the eyes by decreasing bicarbonate (HCO3-) production, thereby also reducing the intraocular pressure, which is useful to treat glaucoma. Diuretics are drugs that are able to increase the volume of urine by stimulating the excretion of salts and water from the kidneys. In the kidneys, carbonic anhydrase inhibitors inhibit HCO3- uptake by the proximal tubule, leading to urine alkalinization.
The DNA molecule could be compared
Answer:
The correct answer is -To a ladder.
Explanation:
Most commonly DNA molecule is considered and compared to a twisted ladder as the structure of DNA can be compared to a ladder. It makes the side of the ladder by an arrangement of alternating chemical phosphate and sugar backbone, making the 'sides' of the ladder.
Nitrogenous bases that are purine and pyrimidine make up the 'rungs' or steps of the ladder and also bind with hydrogen bonds with one other in the rug as two bases make a single rug, and are attached to the backbone where the deoxyribose (sugar) molecules are located.
Which statement is a hypothesi
s?
Answers
A. I hear crikets in the summer, so crickets chirp more when its warm outside
B. Crickets are cooler than grasshoppers.
C. If the temperature increases, then crickets will chirp more.
D. Does temperature affect how much crickets chirp?
Answer:
C
Explanation:
A hypothesis is a tentative statement about the relationship between two or more variables. It is a specific, testable prediction about what you expect to happen in a study.
The transfer of heat by the movement of matter, such as the flow between the warm and cool parts of a
liquid, is an example of:
O A. Radiation
B. Conduction
OC. Induction
D. Convection
what is vertebrate??
Answer:
Vertebrates are animals that have a backbone inside their body
Explanation:
Answer:
Vertebrates are organisms that have a backbone.
Explanation:
I hope this helps.
Describe how to find the hardness of an unknown mineral.
Explanation:
The Mohs scale of mineral hardness is a qualitative ordinal scale, from 1 to 10, characterizing scratch resistance of various minerals through the ability of harder material to scratch softer material.
TLDR: harder minerals will scratch softer minerals
................... controls metabolic activity of a cell?
enzymes control metabolic activity of cells
Which of the following is an example of an anabolic reaction?
A
citric acid cycle
B
fatty acid decarboxylation
C
glycolysis
D
photosynthesis
Cells in the leaves of plants contain specialized structures called
chloroplasts. How are chloroplasts related to the function of the leaf cells?
A. Chloroplasts absorb substances from the soil.
B. Chloroplasts transport water and nutrients through the plant.
C. Photosynthesis occurs in chloroplasts.
D. Plant reproduction occurs in chloroplasts.
SUBMIT
Answer:
C
Explanation:
Photosynthesis occurs in chloroplasts
Answer: The answer is C
Explanation: Photosynthesis occurs in the chloroplasts
because in the chloroplast the chlorophyll presents allow the energy in sunlight to drive chemical reactions. Chloroplasts act as energy transducers converting light energy into chemical energy.
HOPE THIS HELPS!!!
based on the map shown above which statement is most accurate
a. Solar energy is most available in the southeastern part of the united states
b. solar energy is most available in the northwestern part of the united states
c. solar energy is most available in the southwestern part of thw united states
d. solar energy is evenly available all over the united states.
Answer: C. solar energy is most available in the southwestern part of thw united states
Explanation: Please mark brainliest if correct - I need one more to get to the next level thanks
the author of the story the yellow wallpaper
Which of the following is a type of heat transfer?
O A. Coriolis
B. Conduction
OC. Transference
OD. Induction
Answer:
option B
b
b
b
b
b
b
B
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
plz help quickly:
The diagram below shows the ways cells can release energy from food depending on whether oxygen is present.
Respond to the following:
What is the name for the top process (Hint: what is the term for a process that does need oxygen present to occur) ?
What is the name for the bottom process (Hint: what is the term for a process that does not need oxygen present to occur)?
How many ATP are produced at the end of the top process shown?
How many ATP are produced at the end of the bottom process shown?
Answer:
1. Aerobic respiration
2. Anaerobic respiration
3. 36 ATPs
4. 2 ATPs
Explanation:
According to the diagram attached to this question, the process of cellular respiration is described. Based on whether OXYGEN is present or not, cellular respiration can be divided into two:
- Aerobic respiration is the respiration that occurs in the presence of oxygen. As shown in the top process, aerobic respiration starts with glycolysis → krebs cycle → Electron transport chain (ETC). At the end of these three steps, 36 ATP molecules results.
- Anaerobic respiration is the respiration that occurs in the absence of oxygen. As described in the bottom process of the diagram, anaerobic respiration starts with glycolysis and enters alcoholic or lactic acid fermentation depending on which product is formed (alcohol or lactic acid). At the end of the process, only 2 ATP molecules is synthesized.
Allosteric effectors: Question 1 options: can lead to a decrease in the availability of a protien alter enzyme activity by binding to the active site of an enzyme can cause large changes in enzymatic activity decrease the sensitivity of the enzyme at nearly all concentrations of substrate do not alter the sensitivity of a metabolic pathway
Answer:
can cause large changes in enzymatic activity
Explanation:
An enzyme refers to a biological catalyst that is typically used to speed up (accelerate) the rate of a chemical reaction by lowering the activation energy of its reactants.
An allosteric effector can be defined as an agent, organ or molecule that is being binded to an enzyme at a site, thereby causing a reduction (negative effect) or an increase (positive effect) in an enzyme activity.
When the activation energy of a reaction is low, the rate of the reaction would be faster. Therefore, an enzyme speeds or catalyzes the rate of a reaction by lowering its activation energy.
Additionally, if the conditions are not optimal for an enzyme, it limits the ability of an enzyme to bind or be joined with its substrates.
Furthermore, an increase in temperature increases or speeds up the rate of a reaction while low temperature limits or reduces the rate of a reaction.
In the human body, the optimal temperature for enzymes is around 37 degrees celsius (°C).
In conclusion, an allosteric effector can cause large changes in enzymatic activity because it acts as an intermediary and mediates specific effect in a metabolic pathway.
Which of the following best describes bacteriophage?
w
A.A bacterium that obtains energy by feeding on other bacteria
B.A virus that infects bacteria
C.A virus that passes eukaryotic genes to prokaryotes
D.A bacterium that takes in free DNA from its environment
Answer:
b. A virus that infects bacteria.
si tienes caspa y te cortas el cabello asta hacerte pelado, se te va la caspa ?
A que tipo de comunicacion celular se refiere, los factores de crecimiento son señales que secretan las celulas para estimular su propio crecimiento y proliferacion
Answer: Comunicación intracrina
Explanation:
La comunicación celular consta de un proceso en el que las células se comunican entre ellas y con el medio externo mediante señales físicas o químicas. Entonces, dichas células reciben, procesan y transmiten señales no solo con su entorno sino también consigo mismas. Las señales que se originan en el exterior de una célula que son agentes físicos pueden ser, por ejemplo, la presión mecánica, la luz, la temperatura, el voltaje, etc. Las señales químicas pueden ser moléculas como péptidos, gases, etc. Dichas moléculas de señalización pueden sintetizarse a partir de diversas vías biosintéticas y liberarse a través de transportes pasivos o activos. Estas señales van a ser detectadas por receptores, los cuales son proteínas en la superficie celular o en el interior de la célula que detectan las señales y producen una respuesta. Los receptores de la superficie celular suelen unirse a señales o ligandos extracelulares, lo que provoca un cambio conformacional en el receptor que le lleva a iniciar una actividad enzimática o a abrir o cerrar la actividad de un canal iónico para permitir o bloquear el transporte. Por otro lado, los receptores intracelulares, como los receptores nucleares, tienen un mecanismo diferente, como el cambio de sus propiedades de unión al ADN y la localización celular en el núcleo, regulando directamente la transcripción de genes y por lo tanto la regulando la expresión génica.
La señalización celular puede producirse a corta o larga distancia, por lo que puede clasificarse como autocrina, yuxtacrina, intracrina, paracrina o endocrina. La señalización autocrina implica que una célula secrete una hormona o un mensajero químico que se une a los receptores autocrinos de esa misma célula, lo que provoca cambios en la propia célula. En la señalización paracrina, una célula produce una señal para inducir cambios en las células cercanas, alterando el comportamiento de éstas. Las moléculas de señalización conocidas como factores paracrinos se difunden a una distancia relativamente corta (acción local), a diferencia de la señalización celular por factores endocrinos, donde las hormonas recorren distancias más largas a lo largo del cuerpo y a través del sistema circulatorio. La señalización yuxtácrina es un tipo de señalización entre células o entre una célula y la matriz extracelular que requiere un contacto estrecho, entonces se diferencia de la comunicación autócrina y endócrina en que estas últimas no requieren contacto. Y por último, la señalización intrácrina es un mecanismo de control del crecimiento que implica la acción directa de factores de crecimiento dentro de la célula. Algunos factores de crecimiento producen complejos factor/receptor en la superficie celular y son rápidamente internalizados por la célula en cuestión y translocados al núcleo sin degradación.
Un factor de crecimiento es una sustancia natural capaz de estimular la proliferación celular, la curación de heridas y, en ocasiones, la diferenciación celular. Por lo tanto, actúan como moléculas de señalización entre las células y pueden actuar sobre las mismas células que las producen y liberan. Entonces, si estos factores de crecimiento actúan sobre las mismas células que los secretan, se habla de un comunicación intrácrina.
Chang wants to build a circuit that will light up a bulb from a flashlight, and has a battery, switch, wire, and a light bulb.
Which component would Chang use as the source of energy?
the battery
the switch
the wire
the light bulb
The battery component would Chang use as the source of energy.
What is Battery?Batteries consist of one or more cells, each of which undergoes chemical processes to produce an electron flow in a circuit.
Each battery has three primary components: an anode (the "-" side), a cathode (the "+" side), and an electrolyte of some sort.
When the cathode and anode of a battery are connected to a circuit, a chemical reaction takes place between the anode and the electrolyte. Following this reaction, electrons return to the cathode and experience a second chemical change.
Therefore, The battery component would Chang use as the source of energy.
To learn more about Battery, refer to the link:
https://brainly.com/question/11670669
#SPJ7
(Will mark brainliest)
As you know, coronaviruses, influenza viruses, measles viruses, and rhinoviruses all encode RNA-
dependent RNA polymerases. All four of them introduce this gene into host cells. Two of them
ALSO introduce the RdRp enzyme. Which two? Why MUST they carry the polymerase protein in the
virus particle?
Answer:
In order to form more DNA molecules.
Explanation:
These viruses carry the polymerase protein in the virus particle because this protein synthesizes DNA molecules from deoxyribonucleotides. This formation of DNA molecule enables the virus cell to increase in their population. Each and every new cell of virus requires DNA molecules so we can say that this polymerase protein is very important and necessary for virus.
The haploid cells join during sexual reproduction are called _______?
a) stamens
b) spindles
c) pistils
d) gametes
Answer:
Gametes
Explanation:
Gametes are an organism's reproductive cells. They are also referred to as sex cells. Female gametes are called ova or egg cells, and male gametes are called sperm. Gametes are haploid cells, and each cell carries only one copy of each chromosome.
How are all fungi and all protists alike?
Explanation:
Since plants and fungi are both derived from protists, they share similar cell structures. Unlike animal cells, both plant and fungal cells are enclosed by a cell wall. As eukaryotes, both fungi and plants have membrane-bound nuclei, which contain DNA condensed with the help of histone proteins.
Which of the following is NOT a feature of ALL
cnidarians?
A. radial symmetry
B. cnidoctyes
C two body forms-medusa and polyp
D. three tissue layers
which pair of atom an ionic bond
2 difference between pupa of honey bee and pupa of silkworm??
The larvae of a silk moth secrete the silk thread which is used to make clothes. Honey bees produce and store honey which is nutritious food. Silkworm is a creamy white colored insect which is about 2-3 cm long and shining in nature. Bee larvae have been shown to be an excellent food source for rearing insects
The half life of uranium-235 is 4.5 billion years. If 0.5 half-lives have elapsed, how many years have gone by?
A. 4.5 billion
B. 9 billion
C. 2.25 billion
D. 4 billion
Answer:
2.25 billion
Explanation:
option C is correct
What is a gene? Can someone tell me what is Euchromatin? Is Euchromatin also called a Gene? What's the difference between these two?
Answer:
In biology, a gene is a basic unit of heredity and a sequence of nucleotides in DNA or RNA that encodes the synthesis of a gene product, either RNA or protein. During gene expression, the DNA is first copied into RNA.
Euchromatin is a lightly packed form of chromatin that is enriched in genes, and is often under active transcription. Euchromatin comprises the most active portion of the genome within the cell nucleus. 92% of the human genome is euchromatic.
The genes present in heterochromatin are usually inactive. The genes present in euchromatin are either already active or will be active during growth. Heterochromatin is transcriptionally-inactive. Euchromatin is transcriptionally. (This one here is the difference)
what is mitosis? help pls !!
Answer:
Mitosis is a type of cell division that results in two daughter cells each having the same kind of chromosomes as the parent cell..it mostly occurs in eukaryotic cells.
I hope this helps
Answer:
Mitosis is a type of cell division that results in two daughter cells each having the same number and kind of chromosomes as the parent nucleus, typical of ordinary tissue growth.
Explanation:
Now this is a lot of bio to cover, but, there are 5 stages of mitosis.
1) Interphase:
The DNA in the cell is copied in preparation for cell division, this results in two identical full sets of chromosomes?
Outside of the nucleus? are two centrosomes, each containing a pair of centrioles, these structures are critical for the process of cell division.
During interphase, microtubules extend from these centrosomes.
2. Prophase:
The chromosomes condense into X-shaped structures that can be easily seen under a microscope.
Each chromosome is composed of two sister chromatids, containing identical genetic information. This is very important.
The chromosomes pair up so that both copies of chromosome 1 are together, both copies of chromosome 2 are together, and so on.
At the end of prophase the membrane around the nucleus in the cell dissolves away releasing the chromosomes.
The mitotic spindle, consisting of the microtubules and other proteins, extends across the cell between the centrioles as they move to opposite poles of the cell.
3. Metaphase:
The chromosomes line up neatly end-to-end along the Centre (equator) of the cell.
The centrioles are now at opposite poles of the cell with the mitotic spindle fibers extending from them.
The mitotic spindle fibers attach to each of the sister chromatids.
4. Anaphase:
The sister chromatids are then pulled apart by the mitotic spindle which pulls one chromatid to one pole and the other chromatid to the opposite pole.
5. Telophase:
At each pole of the cell a full set of chromosomes gather together.
A membrane forms around each set of chromosomes to create two new nuclei.
The single cell then pinches in the middle to form two separate daughter cells each containing a full set of chromosomes within a nucleus. This process is known as cytokinesis.
Lactic acid fermentation takes place after glycolysis in the absence of:
A. ATP
B. Carbon dioxide
C. Glucose
D. Oxygen
Answer:
Oxygen
Explanation:
Fermentation take place when there is a lack of oxygen in a cell. Without oxygen, the only process that can create ATP from glucose is glycolysis.
Answer:
its oxygen.
Explanation:
Fermentation take place when there is a lack of oxygen in a cell. Without oxygen, the only process that can create ATP from glucose is glycolysis.pls mark me as branliestEnergy is released when:
A. Chemical bonds break
B. Chemical bonds are made
C. Both A and B are true
D. Neither A nor B are true
