Answer:
Market : Gasoline
b. Standardized good
c. Full information
e. Participants are price takers.
Market : Barbershop haircuts
a. Large number of buyers
c. Full information
Market : Bicycles
a. Large number of buyers
b. Standardized good
c. Full information
d. No transaction cost
Explanation:
The three markets will have different characteristics which will cause the competition. The Gasoline market has standardized product and the customers are price takers. Usually the prices are fixed for the products and there is no bargaining.
Predetermined Overhead Rate, Application of Overhead to Jobs, Job Cost, Unit Cost On August 1, Cairle Company's work-in-process inventory consisted of three jobs with the following costs: Job 70 Job 71 Job 72 Direct materials $1,600 $2,000 $850 Direct labor 1,900 1,300 900 Applied overhead 1,425 975 675 During August, four more jobs were started. Information on costs added to the seven jobs during the month is as follows: Job 70 Job 71 Job 72 Job 73 Job 74 Job 75 Job 76
Direct materials $800 $1,235 $3,550 $5,000 $300 $560 $80 Direct labor 1,000 1,400 2,200 1,800 600 860 172
Before the end of August, Jobs 70, 72, 73, and 75 were completed. On August 31, Jobs 72 and 75 were sold.
Required:
1. Calculate the predetermined overhead rate based on direct labor cost.
% of direct labor cost.
2. Calculate the ending balance for each job as of August 31.
Ending Balance
Job 70 $
Job 71 $
Job 72 $
Job 73 $
Job 74 $
Job 75 $
Job 76 $
3. Calculate the ending balance of Work in Process as of August 31.
$
4. Calculate the cost of goods sold for August.
$
5. Assuming that Cairle prices its jobs at cost plus 20 percent, calculate Cairle’s sales revenue for August.
Answer:
Cairle Company
1. The predetermined overhead rate based on direct labor cost is:
= 75% of direct labor cost.
2. August 31 Ending Balances:
Job 70 $7,475
Job 71 $7,960
Job 72 $9,825
Job 73 $8,150
Job 74 $1,350
Job 75 $2,065
Job 76 $384
3. Ending balance of Work in Process, August 31:
= $9,694
4. The cost of goods sold for August = $11,890
5. Sales revenue for August = $14,268
Explanation:
a) Data and Calculations:
Work in process inventory on August 1:
Job 70 Job 71 Job 72 Job 73 Job 74 Job 75 Job 76
Direct materials $1,600 $2,000 $850
Direct labor 1,900 1,300 900
Applied overhead 1,425 975 675
Direct materials $800 $1,235 $3,550 $5,000 $300 $560 $80
Direct labor 1,000 1,400 2,200 1,800 600 860 172
Applied overhead 750 1,050 1,650 1,350 450 645 129
Total costs $7,475 $7,960 $9,825 $8,150 $1,350 $2,065 $384
Work in Process:
Job 71 $7,960
Job 74 1,350
Job 76 384
Total $9,694
Cost of goods sold:
Job 72 $9,825
Job 75 $2,065
Total $11,890
Sales revenue = $14,268 ($11,890 * 1.20)
Changes in the products for which a nation has a comparative advantage create sectoral shocks leading to an increase in frictional unemployment. a. True b. False
Answer: False
Explanation:
Frictional unemployment is a natural unemployment that results when people enter the labor force for the first time and when people move from one job to another. It is therefore not caused by sectoral shocks and every economy, even the best performing ones, will have frictional unemployment.
The unemployment that results from sectoral shocks is cyclical unemployment. This one is not natural and results from the business cycle and shocks to the economy.
Juniper Design Ltd. of Manchester, England, is a company specializing in providing design services to residential developers. Last year the company had net operating income of $430,000 on sales of $1,300,000. The companyâs average operating assets for the year were $1,500,000 and its minimum required rate of return was 10%.
Required:Compute the companyâs residual income for the year.Average Operating Assets-Net Operating Income-Minimum required return-Residual income-
Answer: $280,000
Explanation:
Residual income can be calculated by the formula:
= Net operating income - (Average operating asset * Minimum required rate)
= 430,000 - (1,500,000 * 10%)
= 430,000 - 150,000
= $280,000
During the year, Wright Company sells 500 remote-control airplanes for $120 each. The company has the following inventory purchase transactions for the year. Date Transaction Number of Units Unit Cost Total Cost Jan. 1 Beginning inventory 40 $ 68 $ 2,720 May. 5 Purchase 270 71 19,170 Nov. 3 Purchase 220 76 16,720 530 $ 38,610 Calculate ending inventory and cost of goods sold for the year, assuming the company uses specific identification. Actual sales by the company include its entire beginning inventory, 250 units of inventory from the May 5 purchase, and 210 units from the November 3 purchase.
Answer:
Wright Company
Cost of goods sold = $36,430
Ending inventory = $2,180
Explanation:
a) Data and Calculations:
Date Transaction Number of Units Unit Cost Total Cost
Jan. 1 Beginning inventory 40 $ 68 $ 2,720
May. 5 Purchase 270 71 19,170
Nov. 3 Purchase 220 76 16,720
Total available for sale 530 $ 38,610
Specific identification of Sales of 500 units:
Cost of goods sold:
Jan. 1 Beginning inventory 40 $ 68 $ 2,720
May. 5 Purchase 250 71 17,750
Nov. 3 Purchase 210 76 15,960
Total 500 $36,430
Cost of goods sold = $36,430
Ending inventory:
May. 5 Purchase 20 71 $1,420
Nov. 3 Purchase 10 76 760
Total 30 $2,180
Ending inventory = $2,180
In deciding who should chair the wellness committee, several members identified Ian, a tall, handsome 40-ish staff accountant with a lively sense of humor, as someone who would do a good job. It is possible that the committee members were operating under which leadership approach?
a. Traits approach
b. Situational approach
c. Functional approach
d. Relational approach
Answer:
a. Traits approach
Explanation:
It is correct to state that the committee members were operating under the leadership traits approach, which corresponds to the collective perception of an individual's personality through their personal characteristics that are outstanding and that make them stand out among other individuals.
As in the case of Ian, who was perceived by many members as a person with a lively sense of humor, as someone who would do a good job.
Winner Corporation acquired 80 percent of the common shares and 70 percent of the preferred shares of First Corporation at underlying book value on January 1, 20X9. At that date, the fair value of the noncontrolling interest in First's common stock was equal to 20 percent of the book value of its common stock. First's balance sheet at the time of acquisition contained the following balances:
Total Assets $600,000 Total Liabilities $90,000
Preferred Stock 100,000
Common Stock 150,000
Retained Earnings 260,000
Total Assets $600,000 Total Liabilities and
Equities $600,000
The preferred shares are cumulative and have a 10 percent annual dividend rate and are four years in arrears on January 1, 20X9. All of the $5 par value preferred shares are callable at $6 per share. During 20X9, Shovel reported net income of $100,000 and paid no dividends.
Required information
Based on the preceding information, what is First's contribution to consolidated net income for 20X9?
a. $80,000
b. $100,000
c. $90,000
d. $50,000
Answer:
b. $100,000
Explanation:
Based on the information given , the FIRST'S CONTRIBUTION TO CONSOLIDATED NET INCOME for 20X9 will be NET INCOME amount of $100,000 because During the year 20X9, the company reported NET INCOME of $100,000 in which they paid no dividends.
Therefore First's contribution to consolidated net income for 20X9 is $100,000
Sayid is the sole shareholder of an S corporation in Hattiesburg, Mississippi. At a time when his stock basis is $20,000, the corporation distributes appreciated property worth $40,000 (basis of $20,000). There is no built-in gain. Sayid's taxable gain is:
Answer:
$20,000
Explanation:
The computation of the taxable gain is shown below:
The corporate gain is
= $40,000 - $20,000
= $20,000
Now the stock basis is increased i.e.
= $20,000 + $20,000
= $40.000
Now the stock basis decreased to zero i.e.
= $40,000 - $40,000
= $0
So, here the taxable gain is of $20,000
Cyclical unemployment arises when:______.
a. the agriculture sector completes the cycle of planting, cultivating, and harvesting the nation's food supply.
b. labor unions strike for higher wages.
c. the business cycle enters an expansionary phase.
d. business activity in the macroeconomy declines.
Answer:
D
Explanation:
types of unemployment
structural unemployment is an unemployment that occurs as a result of changes in the economy. These changes can be as a result of changes in technology, polices or competition. Structural unemployment tends to be permanent.
The geologist lost his hob permanently due to increase in wages (polices)
Frictional unemployment: the period of time a person is unemployed from the period he leaves his current job and the time he gets another job. Eg. when a real estate agent who leaves a job in Texas and searches for a similar, higher-paying job in California.
Voluntary unemployment: e.g. worker at a fast-food restaurant who quits work and attends college.
Cyclical unemployment: it occurs as a result of fluctuations in the economy. Unemployment would be high in a downturn and low in a boom
Martinez Company's ending inventory includes the following items. Product Units Cost per Unit Market per Unit Helmets 30 $ 58 $ 62 Bats 23 112 80 Shoes 44 103 99 Uniforms 48 44 44 Compute the lower of cost or market for ending inventory applied separately to each product.
Answer:
Inventory Units CPU MV per unit Total Cost Total MV LCM
Helmets 30 58 62 1740 1860 1740
Bats 23 112 80 2576 1840 1840
Shoes 44 103 99 4532 4356 4356
Uniforms 48 44 44 2112 2112 2112
Inventory Valuation 10048
Gary Marks is paid on a monthly basis. For the month of January of the current year, he earned a total of $9,138. FICA tax for Social Security is 6.2% on the first $128,400 of earnings each calendar year and the FICA tax for Medicare is 1.45% of all earnings. The FUTA tax rate is 0.6%, and the SUTA tax rate is 5.4%. Both unemployment taxes are applied to the first $7,000 of an employee's pay. The amount of Federal Income Tax withheld from his earnings was $1,516.27. What is the amount of the employer's payroll taxes expenses for this employee
Answer:
$ 1,119.06
Explanation:
It is given that :
Gary Marks total earning = $ 9,138
The social security tax = 6.2%
The Medicare tax = 1.45%
We known, the FUTA and the SUTA must only be applied to the first $7000 earned from Gary's pay.
So, the employer's payroll taxes expenses = Social security + Medicare + FUTA + SUTA
= ($9,138 x 6.2%) + ($9,138 x 1.45%) + ($7000 x 0.6%) + ($7000 x 5.4%)
= 566.56 + 132.5 + 42 + 378
= $ 1,119.06
Therefore, the amount of the employer's payroll taxes expenses is $1,119.06
Strategic controls are largely subjective criteria intended to verify that the firm is using appropriate strategies for the conditions in the external environment and the company's competitive advantages.
A. True
B. False
Answer:
A. True
Explanation:
In Business management, a strategy can be defined as a set of guiding principles, actions and decisions that an organization combines so as to achieve its business goals, attract customers and possess a competitive advantage over its rivals in the industry.
Business strategy sets the overall direction for the business because it focuses on defining how a business would achieve its goals, objectives, and mission; as well as the funds and material resources required to implement or execute the business plan. The components of a business strategy includes the following;
I. Value.
II. Vision.
III. Mission.
Basically, strategic controls are subjective criteria that are developed by a business firm so as to verify and ensure that the business firm has implemented the appropriate strategies for the conditions in the external environment and the competitive advantages of the business firm.
what is mextura give one example
Answer:
A mixture is a substance made by combining two or more different materials in such a way that no chemical reaction occurs. A mixture can usually be separated back into its original components. Some examples of mixtures are a tossed salad, salt water and a mixed bag of M&M's candy.
Answer:
Mextura is a hybrid font, which combines elements of sansserif and black letter types.
Use the following selected balance sheet and income statement information for Caroline Supply Co. (in millions) to compute asset turnover (AT) to the nearest hundredth of a percent.
Operating profit before tax Earnings without interest expense (EWI) Average total assets Sales Tax rate on operating profit
$58,300 $93,400 $360,600 $1,135,420 35%
Answer:
3.15 times
Explanation:
Asset turnover = Sales revenue / Average total assets
Asset turnover = $1,135,420 / $360,600
Asset turnover = 3.15 times
how to assess a peers written assignment
I don't understand ur question
A firm is evaluating the performance of two managers running a summer training program. One manager is in a large division with over 100 trainees, while the other is in a small division with only 15 trainees. What is one principle the firm should use in its evaluation
Answer:
Principle of equitable assessment
Explanation:
In simple words, the principle of equitable assessment refers to the concept which states that while comparing two subjects, the evaluation will be in such a way that the assessment will be fair to both the topics.
Hence, it should be made in such a way or should be made on those dimensions which consdier the differences between the two population.
Hardy Company manufactures a single product by a continuous process involving two production departments. The records indicate that $140,000 of direct materials were issued to and $200,000 of direct labor was incurred by Department 1 in the manufacture of the product. The factory overhead rate is $25 per machine hour; machine hours were 5,000 in Department 1. Work in process inventory in the department at the beginning of the period totaled $35,000; and work in process inventory at the end of the period was $25,000.
The transfer of production costs to Department 2.
Instructions:
Prepare entries to record (a) The flow of costs into Department 1 for (1) direct materials (2) direct labor (3) overhead (b) The transfer of production costs to Department 2.
Answer:
Hardy Company
Journal Entries:
Department 1:
1. Debit Work in Process $140,000
Raw materials $140,000
To record the issuance of direct materials to Department 1.
2. Debit Work in Process $200,000
Credit Payroll $200,000
To record the direct labor cost incurred by Department 1.
3. Debit Work in Process $125,000
Credit Factory overhead $125,000
To record the overhead applied in Department 1 ($25 * 5,000).
4. Debit Work in Process (Department 2) $475,000
Credit Work in Process (Department 1) $475,000
To record the transfer of production costs to Department 2.
Explanation:
a) Data and Analysis:
1. Work in Process $140,000 Raw materials $140,000
2. Work in Process $200,000 Payroll $200,000
3. Work in Process $125,000 Factory overhead $125,000 ($25 * 5,000)
4. Work in Process (Department 2) $475,000 Work in Process (Department 1) $475,000
Identify and explainthe benefits and problems associated with high economic growth
Answer:
Kindly check explanation
Explanation:
High economic growth is usually the aim of several economic policies whichnmost countries try to employ. The reason for this is no other than the numerous benefits attached to it which includes;
Increase in GDP : With growth in the economy of a country, trading within and outside these countries will rise, leading to increase in revenue earned and hence, the gross domestic product. This will pave the way for :
Infrastructural development : The development of infrastructure and standard society will be on the horizon as the economy grows. There is enough capital to embark on infrastructural development which will serve the populees
Other benefits include ; Trade and investment opportunities ; Increase in foreign direct investment and employment level will increase.
High economic growth also has it's drawbacks which include ;
Higj Immigration level ; Businesses and individuals are always on the lookout for areas with good investment opportunity in which an high income society is usually a main target. With increasing immigration, overcrowding may result.
Also, Investment cost may begin to rise, coupled with increase in foreign investment influx, the local market may be at risk of being able to compete.
1992 governance was introduce as
Answer:
By kingdoms the governance was introduce
Westside Plumbing and Heating Company is offered a contract for$100,000 to provide plumbing for a new building. The labor and equip-ment costs are calculated to be $60,000 for fulfilling the contract. West-side has materials in its inventory to complete the job. The raw ma-terials initially cost the firm $50,000; however the material prices havedeclined in the interim and now cost only $37,500. Thus if thefirmchose not to accept the contract and sells the materials, they wouldincur a loss of $12,500. Material prices are not expected to go up inthe future. Should Westside accept the contract. Explain your answer.
Answer:
Westside Plumbing and Heating Company
Westside should accept the contract.
By accepting the contract at the price of $100,000, Westside incurs a total cost of $97,500 and makes a little profit of $2,500 ($100,000 - $97,500). The contract enables Westside to utilize the materials that it has in inventory instead of allowing it to deteriorate further in value.
Explanation:
a) Data and Calculations:
Contract price = $100,000
Labor and equipment costs = $60,000
Original cost of materials = $50,000
Materials market price = $37,500
Total costs to be incurred = $97,500 ($60,000 + $37,500)
Profit to be earned = $2,500 ($100,000 - $97,500)
The expected average rate of return for a proposed investment of $4,250,000 in a fixed asset, using straight-line depreciation, with a useful life of 20 years, no residual value, and an expected total net income of $8,500,000 over the 20 years is:_________ (round to two decimal points).
a. 10.00%
b. 20.00%
c. 40.00%
d. 1.00%
Answer:
A
Explanation:
Average rate of return is a capital budgeting method. It is used to determine if a firm should invest in a project or should not invest in a project
average rate of return = average net income / average cost of investment
average net income = (total net income - depreciation) / useful life
(8,500,000 - $4,250,000) / 20 = 212,500
Average cost of investment =( beginning book value of the investment - ending book value of the investment) / 2
($4,250,000 - 0) / 2 = 2,125,000
ARR = 212,500 / 2125,000 = 0.1 = 10%
A structure that organizes worldwide operations primarily based on function and secondarily on product is called: a global area division. a global functional division. a multinational matrix structure. a global product division.
Answer:
a global functional division.
Explanation:
In a global functional structure, the MNC activities are to be organized among the particular functions that are related to the production, finance, marketing etc. Here the developments are establishment that would have the responsibility worldwide for the particular function
So as per the given situation, the above should be the answer
ohn and Lisa form a partnership to operate a restaurant. Lisa signs a two-year lease on a space for the restaurant without consulting John. Under the legal concept of ________, John and the partnership are responsible for this lease, although it was only signed by Lisa.
Answer:
General Partnership
Explanation:
The legal concept of General Partnership obliges two or more signing partners -Lisa and John in this case- to share all assets, all liabilities, and to be responsible for all matters related to the business, regardless of who signs a contract, or contracts new debt, or acquires a new asset, and so on.
So under this legal concept, even if John did not sign the lease, he is still legally responsible for it.
Ajax Inc. was formed on April 25 and elected a calendar year for tax purposes. Ajax paid $13,200 to the attorney who drew up the articles of incorporation and $7,100 to the CPA who advised the corporation concerning the accounting and tax implications of its organization. Ajax began business operations on July 15. To what extent can Ajax deduct its $20,300 organizational costs on its first tax return
Answer: $5510
Explanation:
For organizations cost up to $50,000, there'll be a deduction of $5000. The remaining non deductible expense will then be spread out for 180 months. Here, the non deductible cost will be:
= ($13200 + $7100) - $5000
= $20300 - $5000
= $15300
The capitalized cost will then be:
= $15300 / 180
= $85 per month.
Since there's an ammortization of 6 months from July, then the capitalized cost will be:
= $85 × 6
= $510
Therefore, the amount that should be deducted on its first tax return will be:
= $5000 + $510
= $5510
The Omega started the year with $650,000 in the common stock account and $1,318,407 in the additional paid-in surplus account. The end-of-year balance sheet showed $720,000 and $1,299,310 in the same two accounts, respectively. What is the cash flow to stockholders if the firm paid $68,500 in dividends
Answer:
$17,597
Explanation:
Calculation to determine the cash flow to stockholders
Using this formula
Cash flow to stockholders = Dividends paid - Common stock issued
Let plug in the formula
Cash flow to stockholders= Dividends 68,500 - (1299,310+ 720,000)- (1318407+ 650000)
Cash flow to stockholders= Dividends 68,500 - (2,019,310-1,968,407)
Cash flow to stockholders= 68,500-50,903
Cash flow to stockholders= $17,597
Therefore the cash flow to stockholders if the firm paid $68,500 in dividends is $17,597
Universal Travel Inc. borrowed $498,000 on November 1, 2021, and signed a 12-month note bearing interest at 7%. Interest is payable in full at maturity on October 31, 2022. In connection with this note, Universal Travel Inc. should report interest payable at December 31, 2021, in the amount of
Answer: $2,905
Explanation:
The total interest that will be paid on the note is:
= 498,000 * 7%
= $34,860
This interest will have to be apportioned monthly over the year. The monthly interest (which will also be the December interest) is:
= 34,860 / 12 months
= $2,905
An investor currently holds stock in Giggle Corporation and is considering buying stock in either Macrosoft Corporation or Faceplant Corporation. All three stocks have the same expected return and risk. The correlation between Giggle & Macrosoft is 0.25. The correlation between Giggle and Faceplant is -0.10. Portfolio risk is expected to:
a. Increase regardless of whether she buys Macrosoft or Faceplant since they are equally risky
b. Decline more when the investor buys Faceplant
c. Cannot tell from information provided – need to know risk, return and proportion of each stock in the portfolio
d. Stay the same regardless of whether Macrosoft or Faceplant is added since all three have the same risk
e. Decrease more when the investor buys Macrosoft
Answer:
b
Explanation:
Portfolio diversification is the process of holding different asset and security classes in order to minimise the non systemic risk of the portfolio
Correlation is a statistical measure used to measure the relationship that exists between two variables.
1. Positive correlation : it mean that the two variables move in the same direction. If one variable increases, the other variable also increases. It increases the risk of the portfolio
For example, there should be a positive correlation between quantity supplied and price
When there is a positive correlation, the graph of the variables is upward sloping
2. Negative correlation : it mean that the two variables move in different direction. If one variable increases, the other variable decreases. It decreases the risk of the portfolio
For example, there should be a negative correlation between quantity demanded and price
When there is a negative correlation, the graph of the variables is downward sloping
3. Zero correlation : there is no relationship between the variables. It decreases the risk of the portfolio
2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 Sales $ 282,880 $ 270,800 $ 252,600 $ 234,560 $ 150,000 Cost of goods sold 128,200 122,080 115,280 106,440 67,000 Accounts receivable 18,100 17,300 16,400 15,200 9,000 Compute trend percents for the above accounts, using 2015 as the base year.
Answer:
Sales
2019 Net Sales = 188.59%
2018 Net Sales = 180.53%
2017 Net Sales = 168.4%
2016 Net Sales = 156.37%
Cost of Goods Sold
2019Cost of Goods Sold = 191.34%
2018 Cost of Goods Sold = 182.21%
2017 Cost of Goods Sold = 172.06%
2016 Cost of Goods Sold = 158.87%
Accounts Receivable:
2019 Accounts Receivable = 201.11%
2018Accounts Receivable = 192.22%
2017Accounts Receivable = 182.22%
2016Accounts Receivable = 168.89%
Explanation:
Computation forn trend percents for the above accounts, using 2015 as the base year:
FOR SALES:
2019:
Net Sales = Sales 2019 / Sales 2015*100
Net Sales = $282,880 / $150,000 * 100
Net Sales = 188.59%
2018:
Net Sales = Sales 2018 / Sales 2015*100
Net Sales = $270,800 / $150,000 * 100
Net Sales = 180.53%
2017:
Net Sales = Sales 2017 / Sales 2015*100
Net Sales = $252,600 / $150,000 * 100
Net Sales = 168.4%
2016:
Net Sales = Sales 2016 / Sales 2015*100
Net Sales = $234,560 / $150,000 * 100
Net Sales = 156.37%
COST OF GOODS SOLD:
2019:
Cost of Goods Sold = Cost of Goods Sold 2019 / Cost of Goods Sold 2015 *100
Cost of Goods Sold = $128,200 / $67,000 * 100
Cost of Goods Sold = 191.34%
2018:
Cost of Goods Sold = Cost of Goods Sold 2018 / Cost of Goods Sold 2015 *100
Cost of Goods Sold = $122,080 / $67,000 * 100
Cost of Goods Sold = 182.21%
2017:
Cost of Goods Sold = Cost of Goods Sold 2017 / Cost of Goods Sold 2015 *100
Cost of Goods Sold = $115,280 / $67,000 * 100
Cost of Goods Sold = 172.06%
2016:
Cost of Goods Sold = Cost of Goods Sold 2016 / Cost of Goods Sold 2015 *100
Cost of Goods Sold = $106,440 / $67,000 * 100
Cost of Goods Sold = 158.87%
ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE:
2019:
Accounts Receivable = Accounts Receivable 2019 / Accounts Receivable 2015 * 100
Accounts Receivable = $18,100 / $9,000 * 100
Accounts Receivable = 201.11%
2018:
Accounts Receivable = Accounts Receivable 2018 / Accounts Receivable 2015 * 100
Accounts Receivable = $17,300 / $9,000 * 100
Accounts Receivable = 192.22%
2017:
Accounts Receivable = Accounts Receivable 2017 / Accounts Receivable 2015 * 100
Accounts Receivable = $16,400 / $9,000 * 100
Accounts Receivable = 182.22%
2016:
Accounts Receivable = Accounts Receivable 2016 / Accounts Receivable 2015 * 100
Accounts Receivable = $15,200 / $9,000 * 100
Accounts Receivable = 168.89%
A justification for job training programs is that they improve worker productivity. Suppose that you are asked to evaluate whether more job training makes workers more productive. However, rather than having data on individual workers, you have access to data on manufacturing firms in Ohio. In particular, for each firm, you have information on hours of job training per worker (training) and number of non-defective items produced per worker (output).
Required:
a. Carefully state the ceteris paribus thought experiment underlying this policy question.
b. Does it seem likely that a firm’s decision to train its workers will be independent ofworker characteristics? What are some of those measurable and unmeasurable workercharacteristics?
c. Name a factor other than worker characteristics that can affect worker productivity.
d. If you find a positive correlation between output and training, would you haveconvincingly established that job training makes workers more productive? Explain.
Solution :
a). There is a way to state the question :
If there are two firms, firm A and firm B. Both the forms are same in all the respects but differ in only one thing, that firm A provides job training 1 hour per worker more than the number of hours of training of firm B, by how much the output of firm A would differ than the output from firm B?
b). The manufacturing firms that are located in Ohio will provide the job training based on the characteristics of workers. Some of the determining factors includes years of schooling, experience in a particular job, etc. The firms can even consider the worker's age, race or gender. The training will be provided to the less efficient workers based on their ability.
c). The amount of the capital as well as the technology that is available to the workers would affect the output of the firm. Thus the firms having the same kind of employees would have different outputs when the firms used different technology or different amount of capital.
d). No, unless the training is randomly assigned. The factors are listed above which can contribute to the finding of a positive correlation between the output and the training even when the job training does not improve the productivity of the worker.
The Richmond Corporation uses the weighted-average method in its process costing system. The company has only a single processing department. The company's ending work in process inventory on August 31 consisted of 18,600 units. The units in the ending work in process inventory were 100% complete with respect to materials and 60% complete with respect to labor and overhead. If the cost per equivalent unit for August was $2.90 for materials and $4.40 for labor and overhead, the total cost assigned to the ending work in process inventory was: Multiple Choice $103,044 $81,468 $135,780 $86,676
Answer:
A. $103,044
Explanation:
Ending work in progress inventory = 18,600 units
Cost of equivalent unit for material = $2.90 per unit
Ending work in progress inventory i= 100% complete for material
Total cost of inventory for material = 18,600 units * $2.90 per unit
Total cost of inventory for material = $53,940
Cost of equivalent unit for labor = $4.40
Ending work in progress = 60% complete for labor
Cost of ending work in progress = $4.40 * 60% * 18,600
Cost of ending work in progress = $49,104
Total cost of ending work in progress inventory = $53,940 + $49,104
Total cost of ending work in progress inventory = $103,044
Avery Company has two divisions, Polk and Bishop. Polk produces an item that Bishop could use in its production. Bishop currently is purchasing 26,000 units from an outside supplier for $16 per unit. Polk is currently operating at less than its full capacity of 630,000 units and has variable costs of $9 per unit. The full cost to manufacture the unit is $12. Polk currently sells 460,000 units at a selling price of $18 per unit.
a. What will be the effect on Avery Company’s operating profit if the transfer is made internally?
b. What is the minimum transfer price from Polk’s perspective?
c. What is the maximum transfer price from Bishop’s perspective?
Answer:
a. The effect is that Avery Company’s operating profit will increase by $182,000 if the transfer is made internally.
b. Minimum transfer price = $9
c. Maximum transfer price from Bishop’s perspective = $16.
Explanation:
a. What will be the effect on Avery Company’s operating profit if the transfer is made internally?
To determine this, fixed cost is ignored because it considered irrelevant. Therefore, we have:
Profit per unit = Purchase price from outside - Variable cost of production internally = $16 - $9 = $7
Total increment in operating profit = Current purchase unit of Bishop * Profit per unit = 26,000 * $7 = $182,000
Therefore, Avery Company’s operating profit will increase by $182,000 if the transfer is made internally.
b. What is the minimum transfer price from Polk’s perspective?
Since Polk is currently operating at less than its full capacity, this implies that it will not incur additional fixed cost to produce current purchase units of Bishop. Therefore, only its variable cost of $9 will have to recovered. By implication, we have:
Minimum transfer price = Variable cost = $9
c. What is the maximum transfer price from Bishop’s perspective?
Any price that is higher than $16 at which Bishop is currently purchasing from an outside supplier will result in a loss for Bishop and the increment profit of $182,000 will be lost by Avery Company. This therefore implies that:
Maximum transfer price from Bishop’s perspective = Price at which Bishop is currently purchasing from an outside supplier = $16
