Answer:
Hartford, Inc.
If Hartford accepts the special order, the pre-tax profit would increase by
= $21,000.
Explanation:
a) Data and Calculations:
Production and sales capacity last year = 8,000 units
Practical capacity = 10,000 units
Last Year Practical Capacity
(8,000 units) (10,000 units)
Total Per Unit Total Per Unit
Revenue $800,000 $100.00 $1,000,000 $100.00
Costs:
Direct Material $200,000 $25.00 $250,000 $25.00
Direct Labor $160,000 $20.00 $200,000 $20.00
Mfg. Overhead $180,000 $22.50 $200,000 $20.00
Selling Expenses $40,000 $5.00 $50,000 $5.00
Admin. Expenses $50,000 $6.25 $50,000 $5.00
Total Costs $630,000 $78.75 $750,000 $75.00
Pre-Tax Profit $170,000 $250,000
Variable cost per unit $50.00 $50.00
Fixed cost $230,000 $250,000
Sales revenue from the one-time customer = $71,000
Variable cost per unit 50,000
Additional pre-tax profit (increase) $21,000
For each of the following characteristics, indicate whether it describes a perfectly competitive firm, a monopolistically competitive firm, both, or neither. (Note: If the characteristic describes neither, leave the entire row unchecked.)
Characteristic Perfectly Competitive Monopolistically Competitive
Sells a product differentiated from those of its competitors
Has marginal revenue less than price
Earns economic profit in the long run
Produces at the minimum average total cost in the long run
Equates marginal revenue and marginal cost
Charges a price above marginal cost
Answer:
Monopolistically Competitive
Monopolistically Competitive
Neither
Perfectly Competitive
both
Monopolistically Competitive
Explanation:
A perfect competition is characterized by many buyers and sellers of homogenous goods and services. Market prices are set by the forces of demand and supply. There are no barriers to entry or exit of firms into the industry.
In the long run, firms earn zero economic profit. If in the short run firms are earning economic profit, in the long run firms would enter into the industry. This would drive economic profit to zero.
Also, if in the short run, firms are earning economic loss, in the long run, firms would exit the industry until economic profit falls to zero.
A monopolistic competition is when there are many firms selling differentiated products in an industry. A monopolistic competition has characteristics of both a monopoly and a perfect competition. the demand curve is downward sloping. it sets the price for its goods and services.
An example of monopolistic competition are restaurants
When firms are earning positive economic profit, in the long run, firms enter into the industry. This drives economic profit to zero
If firms are earning negative economic profit, in the long run, firms leave the industry. This drives economic profit to zero
in the long run, only normal profit is earned
In a monopolistic competitive market, firms always set the price higher than their marginal costs. As a result, the market cannot be productively efficient.
Assume each firm within an industry has similar operations and financial structures as the industry as a whole. Which one of these statements related to beta is correct given this assumption?
a. Industry betas are less reliable than firm betas.
b. Firms should use their own betas rather than the industry beta.
c. Betas should be computed on an annual basis.
d. The error in beta estimation for a single security exceeds the error for a portfolio of securities.
e. All firms in the industry will have the same beta.
Answer: D. The error in beta estimation for a single security exceeds the error for a portfolio of securities.
Explanation:
If each firm within an industry has identical operations and thesame financial structures as the industry as a whole, then the error in beta estimation for a single security exceeds the error for a portfolio of securities.
It should be noted that all the firms in the industry will not have the same beta. Also, betas should not be computed on an annual basis. Therefore, the correct option is D.
Suppose that a Country Club is considering what price to charge for adults. They know that if they charge a price of $100 then 70 adults will join and if they charge a price of $120 then 50 adults will join. What is the absolute value of the price elasticity of demand for adults at this Country Club
Answer:
1.43
Explanation:
Price elasticity of demand measures the responsiveness of quantity demanded to changes in price of the good.
Price elasticity of demand = percentage change in quantity demanded / percentage change in price
Price =120 /100 - 1 = 0.2
Quantity = 50/ 70 - 1 = 0.2857
0.2857 / 0.2 = 1.43
If the absolute value of price elasticity is greater than one, it means demand is elastic. Elastic demand means that quantity demanded is sensitive to price changes.
Demand is inelastic if a small change in price has little or no effect on quantity demanded. The absolute value of elasticity would be less than one
Demand is unit elastic if a small change in price has an equal and proportionate effect on quantity demanded.
Infinitely elastic demand is perfectly elastic demand. Demand falls to zero when price increases
Perfectly inelastic demand is demand where there is no change in the quantity demanded regardless of changes in price
p = 0,2
=0.2857
Which of the following is an an example of a sunk cost?
a. Jossie purchases a textbook online but returns it because it is the wrong edition
b. Maria goes to a lunch vending machine to get a quick snack. In her haste, she mistakenly pushes the wrong buttons and gets a wheatgrass sandwich instead of hot pocket she was craving.
c. Kennys new smartphone stops working, but it is still under warranty, so he is able to have it repaired at no cost.
d. Antonio goes to the movies. After the opening credits, he realizes he is in the wrong theater. He informs the manager and is able to get a refund.
Answer:
Option b is correct.
Explanation:
Option b is correct.
The sunk cost is the cost that has been incurred and which can not be recovered. Thus, anycost that can not be recovered is called the sunk cost. Therefore, the option 'b' that states pushing wrong button and getting a wheatgrass sandwich is the sunk cost because it can not be returned.
Classify the transaction as either an operating activity, an investing activity, a financing activity, or a noncash activity:
1. Common stock is sold for cash
2. Bonds payable are issued for cash at a discount
3. Interest on a short-term note receivable is collected
4. Merchandise is sold to customers for cash
5. Cash paid to purchase inventory
Answer:
1. financing activity
2. financing activity
3. investing activity
4. operating activity
5. operating activity
Explanation:
Operating Activities includes Firms activities in sale and purchase of Inventory.
Investing Activities shows cash resulting from acquiring and sale of assets as well as receipt of interest on the investments.
Financing Activities shows cash resulting from raising capital or debt and the repayment of debt.
The financial statement that provides a snapshot view of the financial condition of a business at a point in time is the:
Answer:
balance sheet
Explanation:
Balance sheet can be regarded as financial statement which gives reports of the liabilities, equity of shareholders as well as assets of the company at a specific point in time, It provides a basis that can be used in computing rates of return as well as evaluating its capital structure.
It should be noted that balance sheet is
financial statement that provides a snapshot view of the financial condition of a business at a point in time
QS 4-20B Recording estimates of future returns LO P6 ProBuilder reports merchandise sales of $92,000 and cost of merchandise sales of $32,200 in its first year of operations ending June 30. It makes fiscal-year-end adjusting entries for estimated future returns and allowances equal to 2% of sales, or $1,840, and 2% of cost of sales, or $644. a. & b. Prepare the June 30 fiscal-year-end adjusting journal entry for future returns and allowances related to sales and cost of sales.
Answer:
a. June 30
Dr Sales returns and allowances $1,840
Cr Sales refund payable $1,840
b. June 30
Dr Inventory returns estimated $640
Cr Cost of goods sold $640
Explanation:
a. & b. Preparation of the June 30 fiscal-year-end adjusting journal entry for future returns and allowances related to sales and cost of sales.
a. June 30
Dr Sales returns and allowances $1,840
Cr Sales refund payable $1,840
($92,000 × 2%)
(To record future returns and allowances related to sales)
b. June 30
Dr Inventory returns estimated $640
Cr Cost of goods sold $640
($32,000 × 2%)
(To record cost of sales)
a.To record expected sales to be refunded ($92,000 × 2%)
To record expected sales to be refunded= $1,840
b. To record expected cost of returns= ($32,000 × 2%)
To record expected cost of returns = $640
Which form of business entity is NOT a legal entity separate and apart from its owner?
A. S corporation.
в.Sole proprietorship
C. Corporation
D. Partnership
Answer:
B Sole proprietorship
Explanation:
A sole proprietorship there is no separation between the owner and the business structure thus the business does not have its own legal entity.
A mutual fund sold $58 million of assets during the year and purchased $64 million in assets. If the average daily assets of the fund were $216 million, what was the fund turnover
Answer: 26.85%
Explanation:
Based on the information given in the question, the fund turnover will be calculated thus:
Funds sold = $58 Million
Average Daily Assets = $216 Million
Fund Turnover = Fund Sold / Average Daily Assets
Fund Turnover = $58 Million / $216 million
= 26.85%
Kyoko is training for a triathlon, a timed race that combines swimming, biking, and running. Consider the following sentence: In order to swim for an hour, Kyoko must take time away from work, where she earns $11 per hour. This is in addition to paying a $4 entrance fee for the pool. Which basic principle of individual choice do these statements best illustrate?
1) The cost of something is what you give up to get it
2) Markets are usually a good way to organize economic activity
3) People usually exploit opportunities to make themselves better off.
4) Trade can make everyone better off
Answer:
4
Explanation:
A person trades off one activity for the other when in order to carry out an activity one has to give up something
In order for Kyoko to swim, she has to take time away from work where she earns $11. This is what she trades off
A rational consumer would only trade off an activity for another only if the satisfaction derived would be greater than that of the activity traded off
On November 1, Alan Company signed a 120-day, 12% note payable, with a face value of $10,800. What is the maturity value of the note on March 1? (Use 360 days a year.)
a) $11,016
b) $10,800
c) $11,088
d) $11,232
e) $10,944
Answer: $11232
Explanation:
The maturity value of the note on March 1 will be calculated as thus:
Face value = $10800
Interest on note = $10800 × 12% × 120/360 = $432
Maturity value will now be:
= Face value + Interest on note
= $10800 + $432
= $11232
Agreement and disagreement among economists
Suppose that Yakov, an economist from a business school in Georgia, and Ana, an economist from a public television program, are arguing over budget deficits. The following dialogue shows an excerpt from their debate:
Ana: Most people recognize that the budget deficit has been rising considerably over the last century. We need to find the best course of action to remedy this situation.
Yakov: I believe that a cut in income tax rates would boost economic growth and raise tax revenue enough to reduce budget deficits.
Ana: I actually feel that raising the top income tax rate would reduce the budget deficit more effectively.
The disagreement between these economists is most likely due to ___.
Despite their differences, with which proposition are two economists chosen at random most likely to agree?
A. Rent cellings reduce the quantity and quality of available housing.
B. Immigrants receive more in government benefits than they contribute in taxes.
C. Having a single income tax rate would improve economic performance.
Answer:
differing opinions on the point we are on the Laffer Curve
A
Explanation:
The Laffer Curve is a supply side economic theory developed by Arthur Laffer in 1974.
The curve depicts the relationship between tax rates and tax revenue
According to this theory, higher income tax rate reduces the incentive of labour to work and invest due to the fact that labour would have to pay higher tax. This means that at some point, increase in the tax rate would decrease government revenue rather than increase it.
The theory submits that there is an optimal tax rate at which tax income is maximised. Once this point is surpassed, increase in tax rate would reduce government revenue
Price ceiling is when the government or an agency of the government sets the maximum price for a product. It is binding when it is set below equilibrium price.
Effects of a binding price ceiling
1. It leads to shortages
2. it leads to the development of black markets
3. it prevents producers from raising price beyond a certain price
4. It lowers the price consumers pay for a product. This increases consumer surplus
A rent ceiling would lead to shortage of houses and a reduction of the quality of available housing.
.What are economies of scale? Take an analysis example
Answer:
The summary of the given topic is explained below throughout the following portion.
Explanation:
The production phenomenon known might be why the additional expenses you generate that for each unit, are considered as Economies of scale. Mostly since the greater optimized production operations you develop, the further optimized they are.Example:
Because of its scale, perhaps the company could be interested in receiving credit standards.
In the 1990s there was tremendous interest by government officials in breaking up Microsoft into two companies. One of the companies would have produced operating systems for computers, like Microsoft Windows. The other company would have produced software for this operating system, like Microsoft Excel. Which concept from class could Microsoft use to argue that this breakup would increase total costs
Answer: Economies of scope
Explanation:
Economies of scope refers to the
proportionate saving that's gained when a company produces two or more goods, such that the cost of producing the goods is less than the cost incurred when each good is separately produced.
In such case, the average total cost of production will reduce as a result of the rise in the number of different goods that are produced.
Therefore, the concept that Microsoft use to argue that this breakup would increase total costs is Economies of scope
The specific actions to be taken in implementing a strategy.
The correct answer to this open question is the following.
Although there are no options attached we can say the following.
In general terms, the specific actions to be taken in implementing a strategy are the following.
First of all, the manager has to clearly define the strategic plan and its content.
Then, define the general goal, and specific goals. It is highly recommended to use the SMART formula. Goals have to be specific, measurable, attainable, realistic, and time-bound.
Then, define the Key Performing Indicators or KPI's. These will serve to define the results the company expects to accomplish with the plan.
Create a series of programs and specific actions to reach the goals.
Then, to implement the tactics or specific programs.
Monitoring the programs and then evaluate the results to provide feedback.
You are calculating the volume quantity needed for material that will compact to 95% of its original undisturbed volume. You know that you will need to fill a void with a volume of 1,487 cubic yards. What is the volume of material needed from the borrow pit to equal this amount when fully compacted
Answer:
Volume = 1565.56 cubic yards
Explanation:
The computation of the volume of material required is shown below:
95% × volume = 1,487 cubic yards
Volume = 1565.56 cubic yards
Basically 95% of volume is equivalent to the 1487 cubic yards
So according to this we determined the volume
Hence, the same should be considered
Joseline waited until December 12, 2019, to file her 2018 Form 1040 return. She did not request an extension. Her balance due for 2018 is $461. What is her failure to file penalty
Answer: $207.45
Explanation:
The latest date that Josephine should have filed her taxes by was April 15th 2019.
She instead waited till December 12, 2019.
9 partial and full months have passed since that time so her penalty will be for 9 months.
Penalty is 5% of the balance due:
= 461 * 5% * 9
= $207.45
The ________ function is responsible for making sure customers are aware of the company's products. Group of answer choices
Answer:
sales and marketing.
Explanation:
The sales and marketing function is essential to ensure that the customer knows and has access to the company's products through an effective communication, distribution and customer service system.
There needs to be planning and research to identify who your potential consumer is, what are their needs and preferences, where they usually buy the product, how often, what their income, which media they access most, etc., so that there is the correct allocation of resources for advertising, product distribution and other variables, so that the product is available to the customer in the right place, in the right quantity, at the right time and quality.
Match each of the following definitions of costs to the cost classifications.
1. This cost is the combined amount of all the other costs.
2. This cost remains constant over a limited range of volume; when it reaches the end of its limited range, it changes by a lump sum and remains at that level until it exceeds another limited range.
3. This cost has a component that remains the same over all volume levels and another component that increases in direct proportion to increases in volume.
4. This cost increases when volume increases, but the increase is not constant for each unit produced.
5. This cost remains constant over all volume levels within the productive capacity for the planning period.
6. This cost increases in direct proportion to increases in volume; its amount is constant for each unit produced.
Answer:
1. This cost is the combined amount of all the other costs. ⇒ TOTAL COST.
2. This cost remains constant over a limited range of volume; when it reaches the end of its limited range, it changes by a lump sum and remains at that level until it exceeds another limited range. ⇒ STEP-WISE COST.
3. This cost has a component that remains the same over all volume levels and another component that increases in direct proportion to increases in volume. ⇒ MIXED COST
4. This cost increases when volume increases, but the increase is not constant for each unit produced. ⇒ CURVELINEAR COST.
5. This cost remains constant over all volume levels within the productive capacity for the planning period.⇒ FIXED COST.
6. This cost increases in direct proportion to increases in volume; its amount is constant for each unit produced. ⇒ VARIABLE COST.
Marquis is interested in the relationship between drinking coffee and esophageal cancer. He decides to look at surveys for the Lehman College Class of 2019 as a source of data. He tabulates the total cases of esophageal cancer that were reported as well as those members of the class who did not report esophageal cancer. He then calls all of those people and asks them if they can remember drinking coffee in 2010 and, if yes, about how much coffee did they drink daily, among other questions related to potential exposures, i.e. exercise, BMI, stress, etc. Which form of bias is likely to impact the measure of association reported in Marquis’s study?
a. sampling bias
b. recall bias
c. interviewer bias
Answer:
Option B
Explanation:
In simple words, Recall bias can be understood as the systematic mistake that happens when individuals do not properly recall or omit information from past events or situations. The reliability and quantity of recollections can be impacted by future activities and situations.
In the given case, the interview asking the sample something that is not easy to remember. Drinking coffee and how much did they drink is not a valid question as this is too fragile to remember.
Identify the two events from the following that cause a Petty Cash account to be credited in a journal entry. (Single click the box with the question mark to produce a check mark for a correct answer and double click the box with the question mark to empty the box for a wrong answer.) check all that apply Fund amount is being reduced.unanswered Fund amount is being increased.unanswered Fund is being eliminated.unanswered Fund is being established.
Answer:
Fund amount is being reduced.
Fund is being eliminated.
Explanation:
For example, when you are recording the expenses paid using the petty cash fund, you debit the expenses and credit the petty cash fund account. This also applies when the petty cash fund is too large and the company wants to reduce it; cash will be debited and the petty cash fund account will be credited.
If the price level is 100 for 1996 and the price level is 103.3 in 1998, a nominal GDP in 1998 of $8,800 billion would mean that real GDP in 1998 (in 1996 prices) would be closest to:_______
a. $9.090.4 billion.
b. $8,518.9 billion.
c. $8,800 billion.
d. $8696.7 billion
Answer: b. $8,518.9 billion.
Explanation:
Nominal GDP is calculated with current prices which means that the effects of inflation are present.
Real GDP removes this effect by basing the GDP calculation on the prices of a previous period:
Real GDP = Nominal GDP * 100/ Price level
= 8,800 * 100/ 103.3
= $8,518.877
= $8,518.9 billion
Sebastian received a raise this year so his income climbed from $45,000 to $52,000. Last year Sebastian purchased 2 sunglasses. This year he has purchased 7 sunglasses. Assuming that all of the other things remain constant, what type of a good are sunglasses and what type of income elasticity of demand does Sebastian have
Answer:
normal good
elastic demand
Explanation:
Income elasticity of demand measures the responsiveness of quantity demanded to changes in income.
Income elasticity = percentage change in quantity demanded / percentage change in income
percentage change in quantity demanded = (7/2) - 1 = 250%
percentage change in income = (52,000 / 45,000) - 1 = 15.6%
250 / 15.6 = 16.07
If the absolute value of income elasticity of demand is greater than one, it means demand is elastic.
Normal goods are goods that are goods whose demand increases when income increases and falls when income falls
Inferior goods are goods whose demand falls when income rises and increases when income falls.
(f) Find the present value of an investment that will pay $3,000 at the end of Years 10, 11, and 12. Use a discount rate of 8%.
Answer:
PV= $3,867.67
Explanation:
Giving the following information:
Find the present value of an investment that will pay $3,000 at the end of Years 10, 11, and 12. Use a discount rate of 8%.
First, we will determine the future value of the payments:
FV= {A*[(1+i)^n-1]}/i
A= annual payment
FV= {3,000*[(1.08^3) - 1]} / 0.08
FV= $9,732.2
Now, the present value:
PV= FV / (1 + i)^n
PV= 9,732.2 / (1.08^12)
PV= $3,867.67
Assume the following information: Selling price per unit $200 Contribution margin ratio 50% Total fixed costs $275,000 How many units must be sold to generate a profit of $50,000
Answer:
Results are below.
Explanation:
Giving the following information:
Selling price per unit $200
Contribution margin ratio 50%
Total fixed costs $275,000
Desired profit= $50,000
First, we need to calculate the sales required to obtain the desired profit:
Break-even point (dollars)= (fixed costs + desired profit) / contribution margin ratio
Break-even point (dollars)= (275,000 + 50,000) / 0.5
Break-even point (dollars)= $650,000
Now, the number of units:
Number of units= 650,000 / 200= 3,250
Or, you can use the following formula:
Break-even point in units= (fixed costs + desired profit) / contribution margin per unit
Break-even point in units= (275,000 + 50,000) / (0.5*200)
Break-even point in units= 3,250
In the 2008 global financial crisis, many investors considered the US economy a safe place to move their assets What is the predicted impact of this inflow of financial capital to the US, which is a large, open economy, on the US interest rate and the US exchange rate, holding other factors constant Illustrate your answer graphically and explain in words.
Answer:
Good for US interest rate and the US exchange rate.
Explanation:
The predicted impact of this inflow of financial capital to the United states of America is good for the economy as well as for US interest rate and the US exchange rate when the movement of assets occur to the United states of America. The economy of the United states of America gets to be better due to this action of investors. This 2008 global financial crisis greatly damaged the economy of United states of America so this action bring some betterment in the economy.
MC Qu. 116 CWN Company uses a job order costing... CWN Company uses a job order costing system and last period incurred $70,000 of actual overhead and $100,000 of direct labor. CWN estimates that its overhead next period will be $85,000. It also expects to incur $100,000 of direct labor. If CWN bases applied overhead on direct labor cost, its predetermined overhead rate for the next period should be:
Answer:
85%
Explanation:
With regards to the information above, predetermined overhead will be computed as;
Predetermined overhead = (Estimated overhead / Expected labor cost) × 100
Estimated overhead = $85,000
Expected labor cost = $100,000
Then,
Predetermined overhead = ($85,000 / $100,000) × 100
Predetermined overhead = 85%
Therefore, its predetermined overhead rate for the next period should be 85%
An overall management objective is to:
a. minimize the number of sales transactions
b. minimize the total amount of accounts receivable
c. minimize the time from the beginning of the selling process to the end of cash collections
d. maximize the amount of float
Answer:
c. minimize the time from the beginning of the selling process to the end of cash collections
Explanation:
Management does not aim to minimize sales transactions or total amount of accounts receivable. Neither does it aim, to hold excess cash through cash float. Management aims to minimize the time from the beginning of the selling process to the end of cash collections so as to be liquid and avoid bad debts.
On December 15, 2016, the board of directors of Cross Corporation declared a cash dividend, payable on January 8, 2017, of $0.94 per share on the 2,000,000 common shares outstanding. On December 15, 2016, Cross Corporation should:__________.a. not prepare a journal entry because the event had no effect on the corporation's financial position until 2017.b. decrease cash $1.88 million and decrease retained earnings $1.88 million.c. decrease retained earnings $1.88 million and increase expenses $1.88 million.d. decrease retained earnings $1.88 million and increase liabilities by $1.88 million.
Answer:
d. decrease retained earnings $1.88 million and increase liabilities by $1.88 million
Explanation:
Larned Corporation recorded the following transactions for the just completed month.
$76,000 in raw materials were purchased on account.
$74,000 in raw materials were used in production. Of this amount, $65,000 was for direct materials and the remainder was for indirect materials.
Total labor wages of $123,000 were paid in cash. Of this amount, $101,500 was for direct labor and the remainder was for indirect labor.
Depreciation of $195,000 was incurred on factory equipment.
Required:
Record the above transactions in journal entries.
Answer and Explanation:
The journal entries are shown below:
Raw materials inventory $76,000
To Accounts payable $76,000
(being the raw material purchased on account)
Work in process inventory $65,000
Manufacturing overhead $9,000
To Raw materials inventory $74,000
(Being the work in process and overhead is recorded)
Work in process inventory $101,500
Manufacturing overhead $21,500
To Cash $123,000
(being cash paid is recorded)
Manufacturing overhead $195,000
To Accumulated depreciation-Equipment $195,000
(being the manufacturing overhead is recorded)
