I operate a small convenience store. Typically, from 10 am to 11 am, I get 23 customers. What is the standard deviation of the number of customers that might check out between 10.15 am and 10.30 am

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

The standard deviation of the number of customers that might check out between 10.15 am and 10.30 am is 2.4.

Step-by-step explanation:

We have the mean during a time interval, so the Poisson distribution is used.

Poisson distribution:

In the Poisson distribution, the standard deviation is the square root of the mean.

Typically, from 10 am to 11 am, I get 23 customers.

In an hour, you get 23 customers.

What is the standard deviation of the number of customers that might check out between 10.15 am and 10.30 am?

In this period, there are 15 minutes, that is, one fourth of an hour, so:

[tex]\mu = \frac{23}{4} = 5.75[/tex]

And the standard deviation will be the square root of the mean, so:

[tex]\sigma = \sqrt{5.75} = 2.4[/tex]

The standard deviation of the number of customers that might check out between 10.15 am and 10.30 am is 2.4.


Related Questions

Find an equation of the plane orthogonal to the line
(x,y,z)=(0,9,6)+t(7,−7,−6)

which passes through the point (9, 6, 0).

Give your answer in the form ax+by+cz=d (with a=7).

Answers

The given line is orthogonal to the plane you want to find, so the tangent vector of this line can be used as the normal vector for the plane.

The tangent vector for the line is

d/dt (⟨0, 9, 6⟩ + ⟨7, -7, -6⟩t ) = ⟨7, -7, -6⟩

Then the plane that passes through the origin with this as its normal vector has equation

x, y, z⟩ • ⟨7, -7, -6⟩ = 0

We want the plane to pass through the point (9, 6, 0), so we just translate every vector pointing to the plane itself by adding ⟨9, 6, 0⟩,

(⟨x, y, z⟩ - ⟨9, 6, 0⟩) • ⟨7, -7, -6⟩ = 0

Simplifying this expression and writing it standard form gives

x - 9, y - 6, z⟩ • ⟨7, -7, -6⟩ = 0

7 (x - 9) - 7 (y - 6) - 6z = 0

7x - 63 - 7y + 42 - 6z = 0

7x - 7y - 6z = 21

so that

a = 7, b = -7, c = -6, and d = 21

An equation of the plane orthogonal to the line 7x - 7y - 6z = 21.

The given line is orthogonal to the plane you want to find,

So the tangent vector of this line can be used as

The normal vector for the plane.

The tangent vector for the line is,

What is the tangent vector?

A tangent vector is a vector that is tangent to a curve or surface at a given point.

d/dt (⟨0, 9, 6⟩ + ⟨7, -7, -6⟩t ) = ⟨7, -7, -6⟩

Then the plane that passes through the origin with this as its normal vector has the equation

⟨x, y, z⟩ • ⟨7, -7, -6⟩ = 0

We want the plane to pass through the point (9, 6, 0), so we just

translate every vector pointing to the plane itself by adding ⟨9, 6, 0⟩,

(⟨x, y, z⟩ - ⟨9, 6, 0⟩) • ⟨7, -7, -6⟩ = 0

Simplifying this expression and writing it in standard form gives

⟨x - 9, y - 6, z⟩ • ⟨7, -7, -6⟩ = 0

7 (x - 9) - 7 (y - 6) - 6z = 0

7x - 63 - 7y + 42 - 6z = 0

7x - 7y - 6z = 21

So that, a = 7, b = -7, c = -6, and d = 21.

To learn more about the equation of plane visit:

https://brainly.com/question/1603217

Find the area of the figure. (Sides meet at right angles.)

Answers

Answer:

56

Step-by-step explanation:

A=(3*4)+(4*(4+3+4))=56

find the missing side of the triangle

Answers

Answer:

x = 34

Step-by-step explanation:

Pytago:

x[tex]30^{2} + 16^{2} = x^2\\x = \sqrt{30^2 + 16^2} \\x = 34[/tex]

please help brainliest to correct answer

Answers

Answer:

Question to number 6 is-3

Question to number 7 is 3

Question to number 8 is 2 to the second power

Step-by-step explanation:

please correct me if I’m wrong and for number 8 I am correct it’s just I didn’t know how to put the little 2 on top of the big one

Step-by-step explanation:

question 6 is - 3

question 7 is 3

question 8 is 4

Paul can install a 300-square-foot hardwood floor in 18 hours. Matt can install the same floor in 22 hours. How long would it take Paul and Matt to install the floor working together?
4 hours
9.9 hours
13.2 hours
30 hours

Answers

Answer:

9.9 hours

Step-by-step explanation:

The formula to determine the time together is

1/a+1/b = 1/c  where a and b are the times alone and c is the time together

1/18 + 1/22 = 1/c

The least common multiply of the denominators is 198c

198c(1/18 + 1/22 = 1/c)

11c+ 9c = 198

20c = 198

Divide by 20

20c/20 =198/20

c =9.9

Answer:

B - 9.9 hrs

Step-by-step explanation:

took the test.

Which of these graphs represents the inequality x > 5?

Answers

Answer:

A is correct.

x>5 means all numbers greater than BUT not equal to 5.

The open circle means "not equal".

So,  A is correct.

Hope this helps!

Answer:

Graph A.

Step-by-step explanation:

Answer: x > 5 means all x values greater than 5

thus, the graph that best shows that x is greater than 5 is graph A.

Explanation: because x isn't being itself I mean by x isn't just 5 but greater than 5 (graph a)

graph b shows x being less than 5 which is wrong

graph c shows x being greater than 5 but being equal to 5 because of the bold circle

graph d shows everything wrong about x. first it's not suppose to be less than and second x isn't equal to 5

therefore the answer graph A.

--------------------------------------------------------------------

doomdabomb: all brainliest and thanks are appreciated

and would mean a lot to me, thanks!

A rectangle is divided into 25 equal parts. How many of these parts must be shaded in order to cover three fifths of the rectangle?​

Answers

Answer:

15 parts must be shaded

Step-by-step explanation:

3/5 × 25 = 15

15/25 = 3/5

Have a great day.

15 parts must be shaded in order to cover three fifths of the rectangle.

What is a rectangle?

"A rectangle has two pairs of equal opposite parallel sides, four right angles and two diagonals. The diagonals of a rectangle are congruent.

They also bisect each other. Each diagonal divides the rectangle into two congruent right triangles."

Given

A rectangle is divided into 25 equal parts.

Number of parts must be shaded in order to cover three fifths of the rectangle

= [tex]\frac{3}{5}[/tex] × [tex]25[/tex]

= 15

Checking whether the 15 parts must be shaded in order to cover three fifths of the rectangle

= [tex]\frac{15}{25}[/tex]

= [tex]\frac{3}{5}[/tex]

Hence, 15 parts must be shaded in order to cover three fifths of the rectangle.

Learn more about rectangle here

https://brainly.com/question/12019874

#SPJ2

0.108 ÷ 0.09

Please help in less then 3 mins

Answers

just use the calculator

10 orange sodas, 15 cream sodas and 7 cherry sodas are in an ice chest. How many sodas must be removed from the chest to guarantee that on type of soda has been chosen?

PLEASE, GIVE A STEP BY STEP EXPLANATION

Answers

Answer:

25 sodas if the type of soda chosen is cherry sodas

Please Help!! Whoever helps and gets it correct gets Brainliest and 5 star rating!!

Answers

Answer:

the reasoning states that "all the numbers begin with a 7 or an 8"

however this is not accurate as they can be in different placements

which can make a big difference in the total estimate.

for example:

the number could've been an 8, or an 80

they both begin with an 8

however have totally different values and could have messed up the total estimated number.

hope this helps :D



Why is the value of -9 is not-3

Answers

Answer:

Because it's a negative.

Step-by-step explanation:

The value of a positive number is still a positive number.

There are 45 applicants for two Software
Maker positions.
I

Answers

I honestly don’t know because I honestly don’t know

You and your friend decide to get your cars inspected. You are informed that ​83% of cars pass inspection. If the event of your​ car's passing is independent of your​ friend's car. please help me with d! an explanation with steps would be nice but mandatory

Answers

It has to be d because this app sucks

Three yellow balls, two red balls and five orange balls are placed in a bag. Mark draws a
ball out, and replaces it. He then picks another ball.
Draw a tree diagram to represent this information.
What is the probability that he gets at least one yellow ball?
Give your answer as a fraction in its simplest form

Answers

i think this could be the answer

Find an upper bound for E(h) the error of the machine approximation of the two-point forward difference formula for the first derivative and then find the h corresponding to the minimum of E(h).

The two-point forward difference formula for f'(x) is:_________

Answers

Answer:

I doubt it is not going to be a great

1. A helicopter is at a position from two VORS (VHF Omnidirectional
Radio Range, an aircraft navigation system operating in the VHF band -
not covered in chapter) as in the diagram shown below. Given the angles
shown, find the third angle.
Helicopter
74.0°
66.0°
VOR
VOR

Answers

The position of the helicopter and the two VORs forms a triangle and the third angle formed by these three entities is 40 degrees

The diagram is not shown; however, the question can still be answered.

The given angles are:

[tex]\theta_1 = 74.0^o[/tex]

[tex]\theta_2 = 66.0^o[/tex]

Represent the third angle as [tex]\theta_3[/tex]

The helicopter and the 2 VORs form a triangle.

So, we make use of the following theorem to calculate the third angle

[tex]\theta_1 + \theta_2 + \theta_3= 180^o[/tex] ---- sum of angles in a triangle

Substitute known values

[tex]74.0^o + 66.0^o + \theta_3= 180^o[/tex]

[tex]140.0^o + \theta_3= 180^o[/tex]

Collect like terms

[tex]\theta_3= 180 -140.0^o[/tex]

[tex]\theta_3= 40^o[/tex]

Hence, the third angle is 40 degrees.

Learn more about angles in a triangle at:

https://brainly.com/question/14780489

how to solve 8(y-7) in digits

Answers

Answer:

y = 7

Step-by-step explanation:

Equate the equation to equal 0.

8(y-7) = 0

Open up the bracket:

8y - 56 = 0

Add 56 to both sides:

8y = 56

Divide both sides by 8:

y = 7

Round 573.073 to the greatest place

Answers

Answer:

574

Step-by-step explanation:

To round a two-digit number to the nearest ten, simply increase it or decrease it to the nearest number that ends in 0: When a number ends in 1, 2, 3, or 4, bring it down; in other words, keep the tens digit the same and turn the ones digit into a 0

Hope this helps <3

Seven and one-half foot-pounds of work is required to compress a spring 2 inches from its natural length. Find the work required to compress the spring an additional 3 inch.

Answers

Answer:

Apply Hooke's Law to the integral application for work: W = int_a^b F dx , we get:

W = int_a^b kx dx

W = k * int_a^b x dx

Apply Power rule for integration: int x^n(dx) = x^(n+1)/(n+1)

W = k * x^(1+1)/(1+1)|_a^b

W = k * x^2/2|_a^b

 

From the given work: seven and one-half foot-pounds (7.5 ft-lbs) , note that the units has "ft" instead of inches.   To be consistent, apply the conversion factor: 12 inches = 1 foot then:

 

2 inches = 1/6 ft

 

1/2 or 0.5 inches =1/24 ft

To solve for k, we consider the initial condition of applying 7.5 ft-lbs to compress a spring  2 inches or 1/6 ft from its natural length. Compressing 1/6 ft of it natural length implies the boundary values: a=0 to b=1/6 ft.

Applying  W = k * x^2/2|_a^b , we get:

7.5= k * x^2/2|_0^(1/6)

Apply definite integral formula: F(x)|_a^b = F(b)-F(a) .

7.5 =k [(1/6)^2/2-(0)^2/2]

7.5 = k * [(1/36)/2 -0]

7.5= k *[1/72]

 

k =7.5*72

k =540

 

To solve for the work needed to compress the spring with additional 1/24 ft, we  plug-in: k =540 , a=1/6 , and b = 5/24 on W = k * x^2/2|_a^b .

Note that compressing "additional one-half inches" from its 2 inches compression is the same as to  compress a spring 2.5 inches or 5/24 ft from its natural length.

W= 540 * x^2/2|_((1/6))^((5/24))

W = 540 [ (5/24)^2/2-(1/6)^2/2 ]

W =540 [25/1152- 1/72 ]

W =540[1/128]

W=135/32 or 4.21875 ft-lbs

Step-by-step explanation:

Solve for X and show your work and explain please

Answers

Answer: x = 45

Step-by-step explanation:

Given

(2/3)x + 4 = (4/5)x - 2

Add 2 on both sides

(2/3)x + 4 + 2 = (4/5)x - 2 + 2

(2/3)x + 6 = (4/5)x

Subtract (2/3)x on both sides

(2/3)x + 6 - (2/3)x = (4/5)x - (2/3)x

6 = (12/15)x - (10/15)x

6 = (2/15)x

Divide 2/15 on both sides

6 / (2/15) = (2/15)x / (2/15)

[tex]\boxed{x=45}[/tex]

Hope this helps!! :)

Please let me know if you have any questions

Answer:

x = 45

Step-by-step explanation:

2/3 x + 4 = 4/5x - 2             Add 2 to both sides

2/3 x + 4 + 2 = 4/5x            Combine

2/3x + 6 = 4/5x                   Subtract 2/3 x from both sides.

6 = 4/5x - 2/3 x                  Multiply both sides by 15

6*15 = 4/5 x * 15 - 2/3x * 15

6*15 = 12x - 10x                   Combine the left and right

90 = 2x                               Divide by 2

x = 45

Let's see if it works.

LHS = 2/3 * 45 + 4

LHS = 2*15 + 4

LHS = 30 + 4

LHS = 34

RHS

Right hand side = 4/5 * 45 - 2

RHS = 36 - 2

RHS = 34 which is the same as the LHS

Find 0.2B
B=[50 10
25 15]

Answers

Multiplying a matrix by a scalar results in every entry in a matrix get multiplied by that scalar, as defined,

[tex]a\begin{bmatrix}b&c\\d&e\\\end{bmatrix}=\begin{bmatrix}ab&ac\\ad&ae\\\end{bmatrix}[/tex]

So in our case, ([tex]0.2=\frac{1}{5}[/tex]

[tex]\frac{1}{5}\begin{bmatrix}50&10\\25&15\\\end{bmatrix}=\begin{bmatrix}\frac{50}{5}&\frac{10}{5}\\\frac{25}{5}&\frac{15}{5}\\\end{bmatrix}=\boxed{\begin{bmatrix}10&2\\5&3\\\end{bmatrix}}[/tex]

Hope this helps :)

In a sociology class there are 14 men and 10 women. 3 students are randomly selected to present a topic. What is the probability that at least 1 of the 3 students selected is female? Express your answer as a fraction or a decimal number rounded to four decimal places.

Answers

Answer:

0.8015

Step-by-step explanation:

Hope I'm correct lol

A line contains the piont (4,5) and is perpendicular to a line with a slope of -2/3. Write an equarion of the line satisfying the given conditions. Write the answer in slope-intercept form

Answers

Answer:

[tex]y=\frac{3}{2}x-3.5[/tex] or, preferably, [tex]y=\frac{3}{2}x-\frac{7}{2}[/tex]

Step-by-step explanation:

First is to find the perpendicular slope. In this case, you swap the numerator and denominator and then multiply that fraction by -1.

In this case, -2/3's inverse slope is 3/2.

Now, the initial y=3/2 passes through 7.5,5

So, you must subtract 3.5 from that to make it pass through 4,5.

In this way, you get the answer in slope-intercept form.

Answer:

y = [tex]\frac{3}{2}[/tex] x - 1

Step-by-step explanation:

Given a line with slope m then the slope of a line perpendicular to it is

[tex]m_{perpendicular}[/tex] = - [tex]\frac{1}{m}[/tex] = - [tex]\frac{1}{-\frac{2}{3} }[/tex] = [tex]\frac{3}{2}[/tex] , then

y = [tex]\frac{3}{2}[/tex] + c ← partial equation in slope- intercept form

To find c substitute (4, 5) into the partial equation

5 = 6 + c ⇒ c = 5 - 6 = - 1

y = [tex]\frac{3}{2}[/tex] x - 1 ← equation of line

I need help ASAP PLEASEEE!

Answers

Answer:

The fourth number line is the answer.

Step-by-step explanation:

[tex] - 18 > - 5x + 2 \geqslant - 48 \\ ( - 18 - 2) > - 5x \geqslant ( - 48 - 2) \\ - 20 > - 5x \geqslant - 50 \\ \\ \frac{ - 20}{ - 5} > x \geqslant \frac{ - 50}{ - 5} \\ \\ 4 > x \geqslant 10[/tex]

Find the measure of a.

A. 20
B. 70
C. 80
D. 40

Answers

i think it’s 80 :) hope this helps

A circle is a curve sketched out by a point moving in a plane. The measure of a is 70°. The correct option is B.

What is a circle?

A circle is a curve sketched out by a point moving in a plane so that its distance from a given point is constant; alternatively, it is the shape formed by all points in a plane that are at a set distance from a given point, the centre.

In the given circle, the line AC is the diameter of the circle, therefore, the measure of ∠ABC will be 90°.

∠ABC = 90°

This is because a triangle formed on the diameter of the circle such that all the vertices of the triangle intersect the circle, then the angle opposite to the diameter is a right angle.

Now, in ΔABC, the sum of all the angles of the triangle can be written as,

∠ABC + ∠BCA + ∠BAC = 180°

90° + a + 20° = 180°

110° + a = 180°

a = 180° - 110°

a = 70°

Hence, the measure of a is 70°.

Learn more about Circle:

https://brainly.com/question/11833983

#SPJ5

if U>T, R>Q, S>T and T>R, which of the following is TRUE?
1. S>Q
2. U > S
3.U > R​
A. 1 only
B. 2 only
C. 1 and 2
D. 2 and 3

Answers

Answer:

C. 1 and 2

Step-by-step explantation:

First, i would order them as U>T, T>R, R>Q, S>T

we can rewrite them as

U>T>R>Q,

now adding S, we get U>S>T>R>Q,

so U>S

We can also rewrite all of them as inequalities:

U-T>0

T-R>0

R-Q>0

S-T>0

Add R-Q and T-R

(R-Q)+(T-R)>0

-Q+T>0

T>Q, but because S>T we can say S>Q

Find the ÷98 and place a point on the # line​

Answers

Answer:

Draw a number line starting with -100, -95, -90, -85, -80, -75, -70, -65, -60, -55, -50, all the way to 0. Then put a point mark at where the -98 would be.

8.9 x 10^3 in standard notation

Answers

Answer:

that is n standard notation mah frand

8.9 × 10^3 being scientific notation of " 8900 "

[tex]\huge\text{Hey there!}[/tex]

[tex]\large\textsf{8.9}\times\large\textsf{10}^\mathsf{3}\\\\\mathsf{10^3}\\\mathsf{= 10\times10\times10}\\\mathsf{= 100\times10}\\\mathsf{= \bf 1,000}\\\\\large\textsf{8.9}\times\large\textsf{1,000}\\\\\large\textsf{= \bf 8,900}\\\\\\\boxed{\boxed{\huge\text{Answer: \boxed{\underline{\underline{\bf 8,900}}}}}}\huge\checkmark[/tex]

[tex]\huge\text{Good luck on your assignment \& enjoy your day!}[/tex]

~[tex]\boxed{\huge\text{}\boxed{\frak{Amphitrite1040:)}}}[/tex]

Use the graph to complete the statement. O is the origin. Ry−axis ο Ry=x: (-1,2)
A. (2, -1)
B. (-2, -1)
C. (-1, -2)
D. (1, -2)

Answers

Answer:

[tex](x,y) = (1,2)[/tex] -------- [tex]R_{y-axis}[/tex]

[tex](x,y)=(2,-1)[/tex] --------- [tex]R_{y=x}[/tex]

Step-by-step explanation:

Given

[tex](x,y) = (-1,2)[/tex]

Required

[tex]R_{y-axis}[/tex]

[tex]R_{y=x}[/tex]

[tex]R_{y-axis}[/tex] implies that:

[tex](x,y) = (-x,y)[/tex]

So, we have: (-1,2) becomes

[tex](x,y) = (1,2)[/tex]

[tex]R_{y=x}[/tex] implies that

[tex](x,y) = (y,x)[/tex]

So, we have: (-1,2) becomes

[tex](x,y)=(2,-1)[/tex]

State the counting number in the periodic table of elements of the element considered to be the heaviest gas. (the answer should consist of numbers only)

Answers

9514 1404 393

Answer:

  118

Step-by-step explanation:

Oganesson is the heaviest element ever created. It is a "super-heavy" noble gas with a half-life less than 1 millisecond. Its atomic number is 118.

Other Questions
If 3 litres of paint is mixed five parts water to one part concentrate, how much concentrate was used? Is the aspirin produced by the Worlds Best Pharmaceutical Company better than that of a competitor at relieving headaches? 200 headache sufferers are chosen at random. Migrained Testing Service administers the experiment and provides the results evaluation. Three levels are made: participants receive contents from Bottle A, Bottle B, or Bottle C. Other than the fact that one bottle contains placebo aspirin, no other information is given to the testing service regarding the bottles contents. A 12-foot ladder is leaning against the side of a building. The bottom of the ladder is 5 feet from the wall. How many feet above the ground does the ladder touch the wall?A. 119 feetA. square root of 119 feet,B. 7 feetB. 7 feetC. 13 feetC. 13 feetD. 134 feet What is the concentration (M) of Ch3OH a solution prepared by dissolving of CH3OH sufficient water to give exactly 230 of solution? A construction manager just starting in private practice needs a van to carry crew and equipment. She can lease a used van for $3,510 per year, paid at the beginning of each year, in which case maintenance is provied. Alternatively, she can buy a used van for $5,185 and pay for maintenance herself. She expects to keep the van for three years at which time she could sell it for $1,330. What is the most she should pay for uniform annual maintenance to make it worthwhile to buy the van instead of leasing it, if her MARR is 20% The probability that Dan buys a sandwich is 0.2.The probability that Dan gets the bus is 0.9.Assuming the events are independent, what is the probability that Dan buys a sandwichand gets the bus? A garden that is 103 of an acre is to be divided into 5 equal-size areas. What is the size of each area? ( fractions ) Zoe's Dog Biscuits, inc, has net cash flows from operating activities for the last year of $226 million. The income statement shows that net income in $150 million and depreciation expense is $85 million. During the year, the change in inventory on the balance sheet was an increase of $14 million, change in accrued wages and taxes was an increase of $15 million and change in accounts payable was an increase of $10 million. At the beginning of the year the balance of accounts receivable was $45 million. What was the end of year balance for accounts receivable? A. $20 million B. $25 million C. $45 million D. $65 million How are meiosis and mitosis different? When a virtual machine iscreated, it is assigned_____such as the CPU,_____,Network Interface,and storage.. When the plutonium bomb was tested in New Mexico in 1945, approximately 1 gram of matter was converted into energy. Suppose another bomb is tested, and 8.7 grams of matter are converted into energy. How many joules of energy are released by the explosion which is an example of nonverbal communication? A.a thumbs up B.rhyming c.spoken words D.an outline prepare for the module exam,Question 11 ptsIf a 6 ohm wire is connected to a 10 volt battery, what will the current be?O 6 amperesO ,67 amperesO 1.67 amperes60 amperes Materials costs of $720000 and conversion costs of $800800 were charged to a processing department in the month of September. All materials are added at the beginning of the process, while conversion costs are incurred uniformly throughout the process. There were no units in beginning work in process, 120000 units were started into production in September, and there were 8000 units in ending work in process that were 30% complete at the end of September. What was the total amount of manufacturing costs assigned to those units that were completed and transferred out of the process in September what is depletion??good morning have A crazy day please help me divide this fractions, showboat work. O_O PLEASE HELP ME How can you clarify who likes doing something when using the verb gustar? Fill in the informationand give an example of each way to clarify the pronoun (IOP:____ _____ ____ ____ _____ _____).1) a + ________________________ (name)2) a + ________________________ (noun)3) a + _______________________(pronoun*)Examples:1)____________________________________________________________________________2)____________________________________________________________________________3)____________________________________________________________________________ Prove ABCD is a parallelogram by showing both pairs of opposite sides are parallelPLEASE SHOW WORK !! Adophus, Inc.'s 2010 income statement reported total revenues of $850,000 and total expenses (including $40,000 depreciation) of $720,000. The 2010 balance sheet reported the following: accounts receivable beginning balance of $50,000 and ending balance of $40,000; accounts payable beginning balance of $22,000 and ending balance of $28,000. Therefore, based only on this information and using the indirect method, the 2010 net cash inflow from operating activities was: If a society moves from a period of time with significant unemployment to a time with full employment, its production possibilities frontier will 1 point A. shift leftward. B. Shift rightward. C. Not shift because the society moves from one point on the frontier to a point inside the frontier. D. Not shift because the society moves from a point inside the frontier to a point on the frontier. E. Not shift because the society moves from a point on the frontier to a point outside the frontier.