In a haplodiploid mating system, how can the coefficient of relatedness between two sisters be 0.75 (75%)? Females are haploid, and they pass on 100% of their genes, whereas males are diploid and pass on 50% of their genes, meaning that the coefficient of relatedness is 0.75. Females can reproduce asexually, meaning they produce clones, and those clones share on average 75% of the genes of their sisters. If a queen mates with a single drone, then all the resulting females have all of the same genetic contribution from the male, since males are haploid and contribute 100% of their genes. Male and female bees are both diploid. The males contribute 100% of their genes to their offspring, and females contribute 50%. Therefore, each female offspring shares 75% of her genes with her sister siblings on average.

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

If a queen mates with a single drone, then all the resulting females have all of the same genetic contribution from the male, since males are haploid and contribute 100% of their genes

Explanation:

Haplodiploidy is a type of sex-determination system where males are haploid (i.e., they contain only a set of chromosomes 'n') and develop from unfertilized eggs, whereas females are diploid (i.e., they contain two complete sets of chromosomes '2n') and develop from fertilized eggs. The bees show this haplodiploid system of sex determination, which is quite common to many hymenopterans. In bees, workers and queens are diploid (2n) females and contain 32 chromosomes, a set of 16 chromosomes is contributed by the queen's egg, and another set of 16 chromosomes is contributed by the drone sperm (16 + 16 = 32 chromosomes). On the other hand, drones are haploid (n) males and contain only one set of 16 chromosomes, which is exclusively contributed by the queen's egg.


Related Questions

Neutral theory proposes that
A) molecular clocks are more reliable when the surrounding pH is close to 7.0.
B) most mutations of highly conserved DNA sequences should have no functional effect.
C) DNA is less susceptible to mutation when it codes for amino acid sequences whose side groups (or R groups) have a neutral pH.
D) DNA is less susceptible to mutation when it codes for amino acid sequences whose side groups (or R groups) have a neutral electrical charge.
E) a significant proportion of mutations are not acted upon by natural selection.

Answers

Answer:

The correct answer is E) a significant proportion of mutations are not acted upon by natural selection.

Explanation:

The neutral theory, proposed by Motoo Kimura in 1968, proposes that part of the molecular variability produced by mutations that exists in populations is natural variability, that is, a large part of the genetic variation observed in populations is due to random fluctuation of genetic variants that are neutral, on which natural selection hardly acts, so they are not an evolutionary force since they do not contribute predominantly to natural selection and proposes genetic drift as an evolutionary mechanism.

How do the process of DNA replication and the laws of inheritance help cells and individuals pass on their
traits?

Answers

DNA copying is otherwise known as DNA replication which is the process of producing 2 identical copies of DNA from one original DNA molecule during cell division. DNA copying is important because it generates variation during sexual reproduction which leads to evolution. Also, DNA copying helps in transfer of information or characters from the parents to the offsprings.

Mendel studied traits with only one mode of inheritance in pea plants. The inheritance of the traits he studied all followed the relatively simple pattern of dominant and recessive alleles for a single characteristic. There are several important modes of inheritance, discovered after Mendel’s work, that do not follow the dominant and recessive, single-gene model.

hope it helps

During reduction, PGA reacts with ATP and NADPH. What does ATP contribute to the reaction?
carbon

Answers

Answer:

During reduction, 3-PGA reacts with ATP and NADPH. What does ATP contribute to the reaction? ... The L-D reactions require light energy and water, and the L-IND reactions require ATP, NADPH and CO2. In the chemical equation for photosynthesis, carbon dioxide and water are converted to glucose and oxygen.

Explanation:

correct me if I'm wrong

carry on learning!;)


What describes a country with less industry and whose citizens have low average incomes.

Answers

third world countries

Explanation:

are the results of countries with low exports and high imports

Third world countries work, but developing countries works as well depending on what answer you need.

Developing works because the low income and socio-economic status comes from them not being stable overall a weak infrastructure unlike second and first world countries, it’ll be a while before they catch up.

Metabolic rate is _____. See Concept 40.4 (Page) View Available Hint(s) Metabolic rate is _____. See Concept 40.4 (Page) determined when the organism is vigorously exercising after consuming a fatty meal the total amount of energy an animal uses in a unit of time typically higher in an ectothermic animal than in an endothermic one the amount of heat gained by an animal in a unit of time directly proportional to body size

Answers

Answer:

The correct answer is ''the total amount of energy an animal uses in a unit of time''

Explanation:

The general metabolism or metabolic requirements can be defined as the energy demands that an organism requires for the set of biochemical reactions and physicochemical processes that occur in its cells. This set of reactions allows living beings to grow, reproduce, keep their physical structures in order and respond to external stimuli, among other things. Basal metabolism or Metabolic Rate (BMR) refers to the rate of energy expenditure (the amount of energy [expressed in kilocalories or megajoules (MJ)]) per unit of time that is spent when endothermic animals are in physical rest full. In other words, it is the amount of heat (expressed in calories) that is generated in one hour by an endothermic animal kept at rest. Also, it can be expressed as kilocalories per hour or per kilogram of weight.

PLEASE HELP ME! 10 POINTS+BRAINLIEST

Answers

Answer:nobel gaeses are found in the group 18 of the periodic table

Explanation:

Answer:

Noble Gases are found in Group 8 of the Periodic Table

Explanation:

. Revisa las etiquetas de los alimentos que tengas en tu casa para ver si hay alguno vencido. ¿Qué le recomendarías a tu familia? ¿Por qué?

Answers

Answer:

Para comer alimentos sanos y frescos.

Explicación:

Recomiendo a mi familia los alimentos que aún no están vencidos o que son frescos porque los alimentos frescos hacen que nuestra condición de salud sea buena en comparación con los alimentos vencidos. Hay un crecimiento de patógenos como bacterias, hongos, etc.en los alimentos que los hacen dañinos para las personas y causan intoxicación alimentaria en las personas que los consumen, por eso tenemos que ver las etiquetas presentes en los alimentos para verificar su condiciones.

Question 4
Which BEST describes why certain traits led to an increased frequency within the population of
medium ground finches?
A
because the traits were acquired
B
because the traits were favorable
С
because the traits were inherited
D
because the traits were mutations

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

c

How do the resources available to people influence how they
grow food?

Answers

Answer:

grow

Explanation:grow

Guanine bonds with
????

Answers

Answer:

Answer

cytosine

correct me y'all if am wrong ❤️

Which is an example of why the process of photosynthesis is important to life on Earth?- - Grass uses photosynthesis to produce glucose, which is used within the grass for growth.
- Fungi use photosynthesis to decompose dead and decaying plant matter.
- Ectothermic animals use photosynthesis to convert sunlight into energy for cell functions.
- Green plants use photosynthesis to remove oxygen gas from the atmosphere and replenish the earth’s carbon dioxide.

Answers

Answer:

The correct answer is: A) Grass uses photosynthesis to produce glucose, which is used within the grass for growth.

Explanation:

Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants, which include algae, take in the energy from the sun and combines it with carbon dioxide (and water) to form benificial sugars.

Photosynthesis refers to the process by which the green plants, as well as algae, utilize the energy from the sun in combination with the carbon dioxide as well as water to form simple sugars. This is how the harmful gas carbion dioxide can be destroyed and elimanated.

Answer:

The answer is A

Explanation:

EA SPORTS ITS IN THE EDGE

Question 7 of 25
Which structure is used by the organism to see the outside world?

Answers

Answer:

install

Explanation:

Answer:

Eye

Explanation:

We use the eye to look at things

help mee guy to complete this please please please please please​

Answers

gastric juice helps to convert food into simpler substances

the main function of the teeth is the chewing of food, breaking down food into very small pieces

the two components of digestive system is pepsinogen and mucous

oesophagus is the food pipe. by this the food passes from mouth to stomach through regular contraction and expansion

because the bread (starch) converts into carbohydrate by the enzyme salivary amylase

chapati is the instant source of carbohydrate

in mouth

cellulose

salivary gland

in liver

ingestion

by taste buds

liver

pseudopodia

:)

Question doesn't see clearly than how to help

A- Briefly describe the biotechnology methods that would have been used to produce these results.

B- How are the bands from the jeans and the shirt similar? How are they different?

C- Based on these results, what conclusions might a prosecutor present to a jury during a criminal trial?

Answers

Answer:

a. teh use of a electrophoresis machine after the dna has been processed using enzymes would give the bands shown on the gel

b.the bands from teh jeans and shirt show that the shirt was made from materials taht include teh material the jeans were made from

c. a prosecutor may conclude to the jury that the defendant had blood only on their shirt

Write a short note on broyophytes? ​

Answers

Answer:

Bryophytes are an informal group consisting of three divisions of non-vascular land plants: the liverworts, hornworts and mosses. They are characteristically limited in size and prefer moist habitats although they can survive in drier environments. The bryophytes consists of about 20, 000 plant species.

[tex]\underline{QUESTION:_}[/tex]

[tex]Write~ a ~short~ note ~on~ bryophytes?[/tex]

-----------------------------------------------

[tex]\underline{ANSWER:-}[/tex]

Bryophytes are a loose classification of three non-vascular land plant embryophytes: liverworts, hornworts, and mosses. They are typically small and prefer damp surroundings, however, they may thrive in drier ones. There are over 20,000 plant species in the bryophytes.

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[tex]\textnormal{HOPE IT HELPS}[/tex]

[tex]\textnormal{HAVE A GREAT DAY!!}[/tex]

what you mean by accessory pigments? ​

Answers

Accessory pigments are compounds that absorbs light. They are found in photosynthetic organisms.

- Describe how chromosomes are formed from DNA.

Answers

Answer:

In the nucleus of each cell, the DNA molecule is packaged into thread-like structures called chromosomes. Each chromosome is made up of DNA tightly coiled many times around proteins called histones that support its structure. DNA and histone proteins are packaged into structures called chromosomes.

Explanation:

Hope this helps

Responda con verdadero (V) o falso (F), según corresponda. En caso de falso, justifique su respuesta. Todas las células poseen pared celular Las células procariotas se originaron hace 1.500 millones de años aproximadamente_____ Los centriolos son organelas cilíndricas, formadas por proteínas, que intervienen en la división celular____ El ADN determina las características de un organismo____ En las mitocondrias se produce la digestión celular_____ En la definición de célula, la palabra estructural, hace referencia a cómo funciona la célula_____ La palabra Eucariota quiere decir "verdadero núcleo"____

Answers

Answer:

Falso

Falso.

Cierto

Cierto

Falso

Falso

Cierto.

Explicación:

Todas las células no tenían pared celular. Sabemos que la célula animal es un tipo de célula que solo tiene membrana celular. Las células procariotas se originaron hace aproximadamente 3,5 mil millones de años. Los centríolos son orgánulos cilíndricos, formados por proteínas, que contribuyen en la división celular. El ADN determina las características de un organismo porque el ADN tiene toda la información sobre los organismos. La digestión celular no ocurrió en las mitocondrias. El lugar de la digestión celular son los lisosomas. En la definición de celda, la palabra estructural, se refiere a la composición y forma de la celda. La palabra eucariota significa "núcleo verdadero" y núcleo verdadero significa que la membrana rodea al núcleo.

A pair of butterflies reproduces and has one thousand offspring. All one thousand of the offspring have the alleles Aa. What is the most likely combination of alleles (genotype) for each parent? Explain your answer.

Answers

Answer:

It is expected that each parent is homo-zygous for each trait (i.e., one parent has genotype AA and the other parent has genotype aa)

Explanation:

An F1 hybrid is the first filial generation of the progeny of distinctly different parental types. In this case, it is expected that each parent is homo-zygous for each trait, thereby 100% of all offspring will have genotype Aa (i.e., parental cross: AA x aa >> F1 = 100% Aa). On the other hand, in a cross where one parent is heterozygous for the trait (Aa) and the other parent is homo-zygous (either AA or aa), only 50% of all offspring will have genotype Aa.

Acell membrane is very specific about what it allows across. How does this help the cell?

A. Transport proteins allow only enzymes to pass through the membrane.
B. It is better for the cell if most molecules are prevented from entering
C. The cell works better when it contains fewer proteins.
D. It helps the cell absorb as many different molecules as possible.​

Answers

Explanation:

It helps the cell absorb as many different molecules as possible.

Please help, correct answers only, will give brainliest.

Answers

Answer:

B option

Explanation:

Hope this helps

what event occured during paleozoic era?

A. diversification of mammals

B. beginning of multicelled life

C. first appearance of most invertebrates

D. dominance of non avian dinosaurs​

Answers

Answer:

C) first appearance of most invertebrates.

Explanation:

The Cambrian Explosion occurred 542 mya. The earliest complex animals arose in the sea at the beginning of the Cambrian Explosion. It would take another half a billion years for mammals to rise. Multicellular life dates back 1.2 bya, but more cpomplex life, such as animals, did not occur until the Cambrian Explosion. In the beginning of the Cambrian Explosion, many soft-bodied animals, such as jellyfish and sea anemones appeared.

Answer:

C

Explanation:

First appearance of most invertebrates

In which order do organisms return
to an ecosystem during primary
succession after an area's ecosystem
has been wiped out?
A. trees, hearty shrubs, lichens
B. lichens, trees, hearty shrubs
C. lichens, hearty shrubs, trees

Answers

Answer:

lichens, hearty shrubs, trees

Explanation:

Order:

I-bare rocks,

II-pioneers (mosses, lichen, algae, fungi)

III-annual herbaceous plants

IV-perennial herbaceous plants and grasses

V-shrubs, VI-shade intolerant trees, VII-shade tolerant trees.

(please mark me brainliest) :)

Lichens, hearty shrubs, and trees is the correct order in which the organisms return to an ecosystem during primary succession after an area's ecosystem has been wiped out. Thus, the correct option is C.

What is Primary Succession?

Primary succession is the ecological succession which begins in essentially the lifeless areas, such as the regions in which there is no soil or where the soil is incapable of sustaining life where no life form ever existed because of recent volcanic eruption, newly formed sand dunes, or rocks that are left from a retreating glaciers.

The correct order of the Primary Succession is:

Stage I- Bare rocks,

Stage II- Pioneer species such as mosses, lichen, algae, and fungi

Stage III- Annual herbaceous plants

Stage IV- Perennial herbaceous plants and grasses

Stage V- Shrubs, shade intolerant trees, and shade tolerant trees.

Therefore, the correct option is C.

Learn more about Primary Succession here:

https://brainly.com/question/26675203

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When 2 or more organisms compete for the same resource there can be a variety of outcomes. What would be one of those outcomes?

Answers

Answer:

The biology branch deals with the relations between and physical environment of organisms.

Explanation:

The principle of competitive exclusion states that if two species occupy the same niche, they cannot exist together (competing for identical resources). Two species whose niche overlap can evolve to have different niches through natural selection, resulting in the distribution of resources.

In ecology, interspecific competition is a form of competition where individuals from different kinds compete in an ecosystem for the same resources (e.g. food or space)... There may be interspecific competition if people of two separate species share a limited resource within a single area.

can squirrels get cats pregnant?!?!?! please answer quickly :/

Answers

Answer:

i don't think so...they are different species?

why would you even need to know that?

Answer:

No

Explanation:

A squitten is a cat with a genetic deformity which causes a partial formation or complete absence of the radius bone making it resemble a squirrel. These cats should be kept indoors and seen to by specialist veterinarians, as long term management of the condition is essential for quality of life in these cats.

PLS PLS PLS HHELLPP MEEE

Answers

To be perfectly honest, I'm not sure what problem 32 is asking. It seems like there's set up to a question, but the actual question itself is missing.

=============================================

For problem 33, we divide the tape's distance by its time. I'm assuming that problem 33 is using the set up info from problem 32.

Recall that

distance = rate*time

we can rearrange things to say

rate = distance/time

So that's why we divide distance over time. The tape's length is effectively the distance, more or less. Imagine that one marker on the tape travels from one end of the reel to the other. It would have to travel the length of the tape when the full tape duration elapses.

----------

So,

rate = distance/time

rate = (260 meters)/(180 seconds)

rate = (260/180) meters per second

rate = 1.44 meters per second, which is approximate

I'm rounding to 3 sig figs.

Jane wants to test if strawberries that are kept cold will rot or stay edible. She places a strawberry in the refrigerator and records the date. What variable should be controlled?

Answers

Answer:

I think it is the time or the degree of the cooling ability of the refrigerator

where does reabsorbtion of glucose take place?
glomerulus
bowman's capsule
2nd coiled tubule
1st coiled tubule

Answers

Answer:

proximal tubule

Explanation:

Glucose reabsorption takes place in the proximal tubule of the nephron, a tube leading out of Bowman's capsule. The cells that line the proximal tubule recapture valuable molecules, including glucose.Under normal circumstances, up to 180 g/day of glucose is filtered by the renal glomerulus and virtually all of it is subsequently reabsorbed in the proximal convoluted tubule.

In a non-mutated DNA strand, what base pairs with guanine?​

Answers

Answer:

Attached to each sugar is one of four bases--adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), or thymine (T). The two strands are held together by hydrogen bonds between the bases, with adenine forming a base pair with thymine, and cytosine forming a base pair with guanine.

Explanation:

Answer:

cytosine pairs with guanine.

Explain how and why fur colour has helped in the adaptation and survival of one deer mice

Answers

owoceo rquee  toe al m:y((

Explanation:

The colour of the fur allows the deer mice to camouflage into its surroundings and make it harder for predators to spot it. Also it's fur has allowed it to stay warm during the cold and reduces heat loss.

Hope this helps u :)

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