The polymerase chain reaction, or PCR, is a tool used frequently in biotechnology. Because PCR mimics the natural DNA replication that occurs in the cell, the two processes share many characteristics. Sort the descriptions of these processes by dragging them to the appropriate boxes. The descriptions may apply to natural replication only, to PCR only, or to both processes.
Answers
Answer:
PCR
Produces million of copies of a segments of DNA and
Requires cycles of temperature.
PCR.
When large number of copies of a particular gene fragment is needed from smallest quantity of DNA molecules,the techniques of genetic engineering usually employed is called PCR. It involves denaturation of template DNA,the use of Primers(20 base pairs),the use of enzyme DNA polymerase for building of new strands of DNA.
Natural Replication.
produces a copy of the whole genome
It occurs before mitosis and meiosis
Begins at the origin of replication.
Both.
Requires primers
Requires DNA polymerase
Results in Semi conservative replication
Explanation:
When rapid production of large copies of particular DNA fragments is needed from a small molecules of fragment of the original DNA fragments is needed the tool of genetic engineering used is called PCR.
It involves denaturation of the template DNA at 95 degrees for separation to single strands,
the attachments of primers(20 base pairs of complementary bases to the template DNA) at 65 degree a process called annealing and the use of polymerase enzyme for building on chains of DNA , during elongation.
The enzyme are extracted from thermophilic organisms,therefore could withstand the high temperature.The polymerization can proceed for a continuous cycle with million of new DNA chains produced by the polymerization Chain machine
Related Questions
A living microorganism or its toxin may cause human disease that is transported through the US MAIL MUST be marked as a:________.A. MordantB. VirusC. InfestationD. Etiologic agent
Answers
Identify the part of the plant where photosynthesis primarily occurs.
Answers
Answer:
The part of plant where photosynthesis occurs is in the plant.
Explanation:
it has many layers of cell...and also a pigment called 'chlorophyll' (a molecule which absorbs light) because of which the process starts.
hope this helps you.
The following events are part of a negative-feedback mechanism. I. blood pressure increase II. receptors detect a low blood pressure III. control center compares actual pressure with the set point IV. the heart beats faster Choose the arrangement that lists the event in the order they occur.
Answers
Answer:
II, III, IV, I
Explanation:
Blood pressure regulation is an example of negative feedback mechanism. When the blood pressure is low, sensor in the blood vessels called baroreceptors detect this and send a signal to the control center which is the hypothalamus.
The hypothalamus compares the current blood pressure with the normal and proceeds to send signals to the heart, as well as blood vessels and kidneys. The heart begins to beat faster, thereby increasing the heart rate and a a result, blood pressure goes back up to normal.
F. Choose the odd one out from the given term and name the category to which
the others belong.
1. Haemophilia.Colour blindness, thalassaemia, night blindness
2. Gene. Chromosome. Allele, Ovule
3. Diffusion. Imbibition. Osmosis, Oxidation
4. Seed shape. Seed colour. Flower position. Inflorescence
Answers
Answer:
1. night blindness
2. Ovule
3. Oxidation
4. Inflorescence
Explanation:
1. Night blindness is odd among haemophilia, colour blindness, thalassaemia because night blindness is not an inheriditary disorder while other three are inheriditary diorder.
2. Ovule is odd among gene, chromosome, allele, ovule because ovule develops into a seed when fertilized and is not a part of genetic material DNA while the other three are part of genetic material.
3. Oxidation is odd among diffusion, imbibition, and osmosis because other belongs to the method of conduction of water and minerals by plants.
4. Inflorescence is odd among seed shape, seed colour and flower position because inflorescence is a group pf flower is flower axis while other belongs to a characteristic of a single or individual flower.
Hence, the correct answer is:
1. night blindness
2. Ovule
3. Oxidation
4. Inflorescence
In response to increased levels of aldosterone, the kidneys produce In response to increased levels of aldosterone, the kidneys produce urine with a lower concentration of sodium ions. urine with a higher concentration of sodium ions. urine with less glucose. a larger volume of urine. urine with a lower concentration of potassium ions.
Answers
Answer:
The correct answer is urine with a lower concentration of sodium ions.
Explanation:
A hormone produced in the cortex or the outer section of the adrenal glands, which are located above the kidneys is known as aldosterone. The hormone plays an essential function in regulating the blood pressure primarily by functioning on the organs like colon and kidney to enhance the reabsorption of sodium or salt into the bloodstream and to enhance the concentration of potassium excreted in the urine.
Along with sodium, the hormone also works to reabsorb more concentration of water, which further increases the volume of blood and thus the blood pressure. Therefore, with the increase in the levels of aldosterone, the kidneys generate urine with a lower concentration of sodium ions.
In response to increased levels of aldosterone, the kidneys produce urine with a higher concentration of sodium ions. Therefore, option B is correct.
Aldosterone is a hormone produced by the adrenal glands, specifically in the zona glomerulosa of the adrenal cortex. It plays a crucial role in regulating sodium and potassium levels in the body.
When aldosterone levels increase, such as in response to low blood sodium levels or stimulation by the hormone angiotensin II. Then, it acts on the cells of the distal convoluted tubules and collecting ducts in the kidneys.
Learn more about aldosterone, here:
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Fish developed many characteristics for survival. Match the parts of the fish to their correct functions.
allow the fish
to breathe
underwater
protects the fish
from the external
environment
creates balance and
helps with escape
and predation
eye
gills
fin
mouth
scales
Answers
The fish breathes by using its gills. The outer scales protect themselves from the outer environment. Fins are for creating balance and protection. Mouth and eye is for predation.
What are the characteristics of fish?
A fish is classified as a vertebrate because it has a vertebral column. There are different types of fish, such as cartilaginous fish and bony fish. In cartilaginous fish, the endoskeleton is made up of cartilage, and this is seen in some large deep-sea animals such as sharks.
Bony fish such as Labeo rohita have endoskeletons made up of bones. This bone is stronger and harder than the cartilage. Most deep-sea animals lack bony skeletons because the pressure exerted on the body at that depth causes them to sink; this is why they evolved in this manner. Some fish can store an oil-like structure that helps them maintain body functions. Some have an air bladder that maintains the proper position.
Hence, the fish does breathe through its gills. The outer scales protect themselves from the outer environment. Fins are for creating balance and protection. Mouth and eye is for predation.
Learn more about the fish here.
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What effect does insulin have on the body? It raises blood-sugar levels. It lowers blood-sugar levels. It raises glucagon levels. It lowers glucagon levels.
Answers
it regulates blood sugar level.
Explanation:
Insulin helps control blood glucose ( sugar) levels by signaling the liver and muscle and fat cells to take in glucose ( sugar) from the blood. Insulin therefore helps cells to take in glucose (sugar) to be used for energy. If the body has sufficient energy, insulin signals the liver to take up glucose ( sugar) and store it as glycogen.
How would the world be without atoms?
Answers
without atoms, the chemical elements wouldn't exist. then, molecules, then proteins, then life itself. basically we're made out of atoms just like everything else.
When you centrifuge the DNA isolated from the bacteria, the DNA separates into two classes. One class of labeled DNA includes very large molecules (thousands or even millions of nucleotides long), and the other includes short stretches of DNA (several hundred to a few thousand nucleotides in length). Which two classes of DNA do these different samples represent
Answers
Answer:
Leading strand and Okazaki fragments
Explanation:
The two classes of DNA that the different samples represent include the leading strand and the Okazaki fragments.
The large molecules DNA with thousands/millions of nucleotides constitutes the leading strand of the DNA while the short stretches of DNA with just a few thousand nucleotides in light constitute the Okazaki fragments.
This is because, during replication, the leading strands of DNAs are usually synthesized in a continuous manner and end up forming a long, continuous daughter strand while the lagging strands are usually synthesized in short, discontinuous fragments known as the Okazaki fragments.
The continuous/discontinuous replication of the leading/lagging strands of the DNA is due to the characteristics of the enzyme responsible for adding bases to the growing daughter strands. The DNA polymerase enzyme can only add nucleotides in the 5' to ' direction.
Which of the following choices correctly shows an example of the way energy flows in an ecosystem? A. Rattlesnake to Hawk to Kangaroo Rat to Fungus to Cactus B. Fungus to Hawk toRattlesnake to Kangaroo Rat to Cactus C. Cactus to Kangaroo Rat to Rattlesnake to Hawk to Fungus D. Cactus to Fungus to Kangaroo Rat to Hawk to Rattlesnake
Answers
ANSWER:
C. Cactus to Kangaroo Rat to Rattlesnake to Hawk to Fungus
EXPLANATION
Living organisms in an ecosystem obtain energy by feeding on one another. As one organisms feeds on the other, ENERGY FLOWS. However, the flow of energy is UNIDIRECTIONAL. The flow of energy is represented by a FOOD CHAIN where the arrow signals which organism is feeding on which.
According to this question, a typical example of energy flow in a terrestrial ecosystem is as follows:
Cactus → Kangaroo rat → Rattlesnake → Hawk → Fungus
In the above food chain, energy flows as cactus plant (producer) is fed on by kangaroo rat (primary consumer), which is fed on by rattlesnake (secondary consumer), which is fed on by hawk (tertiary consumer). Hawk is decomposed by fungi (decomposer) when it dies. Energy flows in this direction.
Hence, an example of the way energy flows in an ecosystem is represented by Cactus to Kangaroo Rat to Rattlesnake to Hawk to Fungus
You collect a specimen from a deep jungle survey. It appears to be a new species. You
get to name it, but before you can, you must classify it first. It appears to be single celled,
and contains chloroplasts. When a few of them are kept in the dark too long, they die.
Under the microscope you can see a dark colored nucleus. What classification fits them
best?
O A. Archaeabacteria
B. Fungus
C. Plant
OD. Plant-like protist
Answers
Answer:
The correct option is;
D. Plant-like protist
Explanation:
Protists are a broad collection of not so strictly connected microscopic unicellular (single celled) eukaryotic organisms that is neither a fungus, plant, or an animal but are categorized under the kingdom known as Protista
Protophyta is a known plant-like protist that is made of single celled algae
Other single-celled chloroplast containing protists are diatoms, and dinoflgelates.
1. A government is
.when people who own their own businesses and property
.Institution through which a society makes and enforces public policies
.Institution who elects representatives
who provides goods and services that are bought, sold and used
Answers
The correct answer is B. Institution through which a society makes and enforces public policies
Explanation:
The government is one of the most important institutions in society. The main function of this institution is to define who holds the political power, how are laws and policies created, how is a nation protected, and how to maintain the general order by enforcing laws and politics. Moreover, there are different types of government depending on who has the power and makes political decisions, this includes democracy, monarchy, aristocracy, etc. In this context, the option that best describes the government is B.
The image below shows plant cells.
plant cells
What feature of cell theory is best demonstrated in the image?
A.
Cells are formed from other cells.
B.
Cells are the basic units of structure and make up tissues.
C.
Organisms are made up of a few similar cells.
D.
Organisms have cells with different shapes and functions.
Answers
which type of cell(s) contain ribosomes?
Answers
Answer:
Ribosomes are found in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells; in mitochondria, chloroplasts and bacteria. Those found in prokaryotes are generally smaller than those in eukaryotes. Ribosomes in mitochondria and chloroplasts are similar in size to those in bacteria. hope this is good enough to help you
Explanation:
A research biologist is studying cells from a new organism recently discovered in the Brazilian rainforest. She determines that the somates contain a total of 10 chromosomes. How many possible combinations of chromosomes could this organism produce as a result of independent assortment
Answers
Answer:
32 possible combination of chromosome
Explanation:
According to the law of independent assortment as proposed by Mendel, alleles of a gene will separate into gamete independently of the alleles of another gene. Since this organism contains 10 chromosomes in its somatic cell, it will undergo meiosis to produce half number of chromosomes in its gametes i.e. 5 chromosomes.
If we know the haploid number of chromosomes of an organism i.e. n, we can calculate the possible combination of chromosomes that will be present in its gametes as a result of independent assortment during meiosis using the formula:
2^n, where n= haploid no. of chromosome
If n is 5 chromosome in this case, the possible combination of chromosome in its gametes will be 2^5 = 32. Hence, as a result of independent assortment, an organism with 10 chromosome in its somatic cell will produce 32 possible combinations of chromosome in its gametes.
-gene 1
-gene 2
-gene 3
How are these three genes related?
Answers
Answer:
Depends on the locations of these gene segment on the chromosome whether it be found on the same or different.
It can either be linked or unlinked.
The hydrosphere does not overlap with any other spheres true or false
Answers
Answer:
False
Explanation:
It overlaps with the lithosphere. Since some rocks produce water.
Answer:
False
Explanation:
if you think about fat as old stuff,what new stuff can be made from it
Answers
Answer:
Paints, Lubricants, Biofuel, Face cream, Soap,
Explanation:
Fat is derived from plant and animal sources. They include seeds, fruits, fatty fish.
Fats serve as a source of energy in organisms and also serve as insulation.
If you think about fat as old stuff,what new stuff can be made from it means of the things fats can be made from and they include Paints, Lubricants, Biofuel, Face cream, Soap etc. These products are manufactured in industries on a large scale due to their high demand.
Answer:
Paints, Lubricants, Biofuel, Face cream, Soap,
Explanation:
is the world safe place for animals and plants?
Guys pls answer it
Answers
Answer:
No it isn't
Explanation:
Nothing is ever safe everything is constantly trying to kill you and the same goes for animals. Wether it be humans or other animals and even their own bodies.
Answer:
Wildlife sanctuary is the place where wild animals are protected in their natural habitat. Here poaching or capturing the animals is prohibited. Biosphere reserves are the area used to conserve biodiversity like plants, animals and microorganisms. It contains many wildlife sanctuaries and national parks.
Explanation:
In 1937, a man employed to lay water pipes was found to be the source of a severe epidemic of typhoid fever. The man, an asymptomatic carrier of Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi, the bacterium that causes typhoid, habitually urinated at his job site. In the process, he contaminated the town's water supply with bacteria from his bladder. Over 300 cases of typhoid fever developed, and 43 people died before the man was identified as the carrier.
How was this carrier identified?
a) nasal swab
b) sputum sample
c) throat swab
d) urine culture
Answers
It literally says he peed in the water
What is the friction force of an object wtih a gravity force of 30N, normal force of 30N, applied force of 6N to the right, and a net force of 20N to the left?
Answers
Explanation:
Given that,
The force of gravity is 30 N
Normal force is 30 N
Applied force is 6 N (right)
Net force is 20 N (left)
We need to find the friction force of the object. We know that friction is an opposing force. It always acts in the opposite direction of the applied force. The magnitude of applied force and friction force is same but direction is different.
Hence, frictional force is 6 N to the left.
do foxes hunt alone yes or no.
Answers
yes. but occasionally they meet up with their packs during the night
Answer:
yes they hardley ever travel in packs
A teacher collected some
beetles from a rotting log
and placed them in a
container of dry oatmeal in
her classroom. She kept the
box covered with a light cloth
so that the beetles could not
escape. She also asked one
of her students to add
potato and apple pieces
once a week to provide food
and moisture for the beetles.
After several weeks, the
student reported that there
were some strange-looking,
wormlike organisms in the
container
Answers
Answer:
beetle larva
Explanation:
Which motion describes molecules in a solid at extremely low
temperatures? *
Moving freely and randomly in a space
Vibrating while closely packed together
Sliding around one another and colliding
Bumping together with some room to move
Answers
Answer:
vibrating while closely packed together
Explanation:
Your question has been heard loud and clear.
Vibrating while closely packed together is the right answer
EQ: What is the scientific Method and
how do we use it in our everyday lives?
Answers
Answer:
The scientific method :
Make an observation.
Ask a question.
Form a hypothesis, or testable explanation.
Make a prediction based on the hypothesis.
Test the prediction.
Iterate: use the results to make new hypotheses or prediction
Explanation
that's the scientific method but there are many example to how you use it in everyday life i.e the lights went out and you want to find out why, perhaps you didn't pay your bill or maybe the power went out. then you would go through the steps to find out what happened
what is the first president of of Canada
Answers
Answer:
Sir John Alexander Macdonald was the first prime minister of Canada
Independent and Dependent Variable Practice
DIRECTIONS: Read the information about each experiment and record the independent variable (IV) and dependent variable (DV). Then write a hypothesis for each experiment. Be sure to use an “if, then, because” statement.
Will an egg float higher in water with more salt?
IV:
DV:
Hypothesis:
Willy and Billy want to know if stretching a rubber band at different lengths affects how far the rubber band will fly. They will use centimeters for all measurements.
IV:
DV:
Hypothesis:
Will a paper airplane with longer wings fly farther than shorter wings?
IV:
DV:
Hypothesis:
Will a plant grow higher with more light?
IV:
DV:
Hypothesis:
Milly and Bob want to know if the amount of baking soda added to vinegar will affect the height a rocket will launch. They will measure the baking soda in milliliters. They will measure the height of the rocket launch in meters.
IV:
DV:
Hypothesis:
Carrie and Heather wanted to know if the size of a coin will affect the number of drops of water it can hold. So they use a dropper to place water on a quarter, nickel, and penny.
IV:
DV:
Hypothesis:
I wonder if the amount of studying I complete has an effect on my science test scores?
IV:
DV:
Hypothesis:
Answers
Answer:
1) IV: The quantity of salt added
DV: The resultant density of the salinated water
Hypothesis: The egg will float when the mass of the volume of the salinated solution displaced by the egg is equal to or larger than the mass of the egg
2) IV: The extension of the rubber band above original length in centimetres
DV: The distance flown by the rubber band
Hypothesis: The potential energy stored in the rubber band by pulling will be transformed into kinetic energy and the larger the extension, the larger the stored potential energy, and the larger the resultant kinetic energy, the higher the velocity and the further the distance flown
3) IV: The wing span of a paper airplane
DV: The distance flown by the plane
Hypothesis; The glide of the airplane is a factor of the wings span increased wingspan increased glide and increased travel distance
4) IV: Presence of more light
DV: Height to which plant grows
Hypothesis: Photosynthesis, which is the conversion of carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen in the presence of Sunlight is essential for plant growth and the more the presence on light is increases the higher plant will tend to grow
5) IV: Amount of vinegar in the canister
DV: The height a rocket will launch
Hypothesis: With a given amount of baking soda, in the canister a little amount of vinegar causes a delayed launch but an increased build up of carbon dioxide resulting in higher height reached than when more vinegar is used in which case the lift off will be more rapid but the power will be lesser and the height reached reduced
6: IV: Surface area of the coin
DV: The number of drops held
Hypothesis: Due to surface tension and cohesion which are properties that increase with surface area and as such a coin with a larger surface area holds more water drops
7. IV: Number of hours of study
DV: Science score
Hypothesis: A student science scores is directly related to the amount of science topics thought the student is able to respond to in a test and it is directly proportional to the amount of study the student has done related to the science topics
Explanation:
From Scenario 1: What is the Experimental group?
O the color change
O the type of bush
O the type of soil
O the type of fertlizer
Answers
Answer:
the colour change
Explanation:
because experimental group refers to the things that are exposed to or get affected by the independent variable
Answer:
The tpe of bush
Explanation:
Does human have link with their genes(from their family)?
Answers
Answer:
Yes genes are the features of either the mother of father
Explanation:
Raekwon wanted to see if listening to music would make the basketball players make more
baskets. On day one, he didn't play any music and counted how many baskets they could
make in 10 minutes. On day 2, he played rap music and counted the baskets, and on day 3,
he played classical music and counted the baskets. IV DV control
Answers
answer
IV-music
DV-baskets in 10 mins
control-the day no music was played
step by step
IV is the variable being adjusted to achieve variety of results
DV is the counts that will depend on the music played
control with no music only one variable was being tested the counts so a control is where one variable is being tested
